1、Unit 4 Looking good feeling good.关系副词引导的定语从句(Restrictive relative clauses with relative adverbs)关系副词引导的定语从句当定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语时，用关系副词when, where或why引导定语从句。此时，如果先行词指时间，用when；指地点，用where；指原因，用why。1.关系副词图示【考情分析】关系副词在高考中的考点主要是：关系副词when，where，why引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，可以根据情况转换成“介词which”。when(at/on/in/during which)w
2、here(in/at which)why(for which)1. The reason why/for which you failed, I think, was that you had turned a deaf ear to your mothers advice.我认为你失败的原因是你不听你母亲的忠告。2. He will forever remember the day when/on which he was admitted to Beijing University.他将永远记得他被北京大学录取的那一天。3. Tom rushed into the classroom wh
3、ere/in which he found some students had been there reading.汤姆匆忙赶到教室，发现一些学生已经在那里读书了。注意：在非正式文体中，有时用that代替关系副词。关系副词所修饰的先行词所作成分可否省略例句when时间及occasion, period, interval, stay等表示时间的词。时间状语否I often think fondly of an occasion some years ago when I studied in junior middle school.我时常愉快地回想起几年前在初中上学的时刻。where地点及
4、situation, point, case, stage, scene, degree, atmosphere, condition, circumstance, family, world, business, activity, class等表示抽象地点或场所的名词。地点状语否I enjoy my English classes where I can voice my opinions freely.我喜欢英语课，课上我可以自由发表看法。Were just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together a
5、nd talk.我们只是设法达成共识，双方能够坐下来谈谈。why原因及reason，excuse, explanation等词。原因状语否The reason why he didnt come back on time was that he went to pay a visit to his friends.他没有按时回来，因为去了朋友那里拜访。4. the way作先行词用法例句the way作先行词时，引导定语从句的关系词用that, in which或省略。I dont like the way (that/in which) you spoke to the teacher. 我
6、不喜欢你跟老师说话的那种方式。A feather shows the way the wind blows. 见微知著/一叶知秋。.“介词关系代/副词” 引导的定语从句(Restrictive relative clauses with “prep.relative pronouns/adverbs”)用法例句“介词关系代词”引导定语从句，其中的关系代词只用which或whom，不能用that或who。In the dark street, there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的街道，她找不到人求助。Wi
7、th keen interest in your company, I am writing to apply for a post of electrical engineer for which, I am sure, my experience and education will make me qualified.本人对贵公司很感兴趣，特致函申请一份机电工程师的工作，坚信我的经验和学历会使我完全胜任。from where, since when, by when为“介词关系副词”结构，它们也可以引导定语从句。Tom hid himself behind the door, from
8、where he could hear the steps of his mother clearly.汤姆藏身门后，能清楚地听到母亲的脚步声。He left home 3 years ago, since when we havent heard from him.他三年前离开，从此音讯全无。“介词which不定式(to do)”结构，相当于“介词which主语can或could do”。Della only had 50 cents with which to buy Jim a present.Della only had 50 cents with which she could bu
9、y Jim a present.戴拉只有50美分，用来给吉姆买礼物。有时，根据上下文逻辑关系，需要用“介词which/whose名词”的形式。The manager cant come to the meeting because of illness, in which case the meeting has to be put off. 经理因病不能参会，在这种情况下，会议只得取消。He often works late until 6 oclock, by which time a lot of people have gone home.他经常工作到六点，到那时很多人都已经回家了。M
10、r. Zhang is a kind teacher, in whose class my son enjoys himself a lot.张老师很和蔼，我儿子在他班里学习很快乐。巧记：关系词(包括关系代词和关系副词)是学习英语定语从句的关键。用关系代词还是用关系副词，一要看关系词在从句当中作什么成分；二要看关系词所代表的是人、物、时间、地点还是原因；三要看所引导的是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。所以同样的先行词会有不同的关系词，这是因为关系词在从句当中发挥的作用不同。1. This is the room where/in which well celebrate the New Y
11、ear.这是我们将要在里面庆贺新年的房间。(充当地点状语)2. This is the room(that /which)well celebrate the New Year in.这是我们将要在里面庆贺新年的房间。(充当介词宾语，可省略)3. This is the room which /that will be used for the celebration of the New Year.这是那个将要被用来庆贺新年的房间。(充当主语)4. This is the room (which/that) well use for celebrating the New Year. 这是我
12、们将要用来庆贺新年的房间。(充当宾语，可省略)巧记：定语从句中的时态。如果主句是一般将来时或过去将来时，从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，那么该从句要用一般现在时表示一般将来时、用一般过去时表示过去将来时。但如果从句和主句的动作在将来不同的时间发生，则两部分都要用将来时。 用关系词填空1. We visited the hospital _ I was born 30 years ago. 2.Gone are the days _ they could do what they liked.3. He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.4. I cant imagine the reason _ he turned down my offer.5. We are surprised at the way _ he treats his parents.6. Finally he found a cave in _ he could hide himself for the night. 【答案】1. where2. when3. where4. why5. that6. which5
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