1、Unit 1 A Land of DiversityLanguage points1.diversity=variety 多样性、变化a diversity of vegetablesdiversify vt.使多样性，使不同diversify ones skills/interestsWe should diversify the syllabus(教学大纲）to attract more students.A company should diversify.2.illustrate vt.说明、阐明（用图示、实例等）The lecturer illustrated the theory
2、with examples.Please illustrate how to use the machine.illustration n.实例by way of illustration 以实例说明3.California is the third largest state in the 序数词可以修饰形容词的最高级The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.可以修饰形容词最高级的词：far/by far/much可以修饰比较级的词：no/a little/a bit/any/slightly/by farYoure stan
3、ding too near the camera.Can you move _?A a bit far B a little farther C a bit of farther D a little far 4.population un/cn.人口The population of China_ large.And 70%of the population of China_ peasants.表示整体人口时谓语动词用单数，表示部分人口时谓语动词用复数。而形容人口的多少通常用large/small.isare对人口的多少进行疑问时，可用Whats the population of.?Wh
4、ats the population of Guangdong?have a population of.有多少人口China has a population of 1.3 billion.an increase/growth in population 人口5.multi-“多、多方面、多方向”multi-colored 多色的multi-racial多民族的multi-media 多媒体multiparty多党制的6.by means of:by using 依靠、凭借那个囚犯从秘密通道逃走了。The prisoner escaped by means of a secret tunne
5、l.思想可以凭借音乐的形式来表现。Thoughts can be expressed by means ofmusic.means:All possible means have been tried.Every possible means has been tried.The quickest means of travel is by air.by all means 无论如何、当然可以by no means 一点也不、绝不We can succeed _(通过)hard work.You can get there _(乘坐多种交通工具).by means of by many mea
6、ns of transport7.When the first people arrived in what we now know as California,宾语从句=the place that we now know as California.定语从句George Washington was born in _ is now the state of Virginia.A.which B.where C.that D.what =George Washington was born in the place that is now the state of Virginia.D1.
7、Pudong Development Zone is no longer a rural area _ it used to be.2.Pudong Development Zone is no longer _ it used to be.A.what B.where C.that D.thereCA定语从句,先行词是area,that作关系代词表语从句 8 However,it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.It is likely/
8、possible/probable that sb/sth is likely to do sth某人/物有可能做某事注意:likely 比较级为 likelier,最高级为 likelieste.g.She is _to succeed.她有可能会成功.=It is likely that she will succeed.likelyThis is a _story.这是一个有可能发生的故事.likely辨析:likely,possible,probable按可能性程度,probable可能性最大,其次为likely,最小为possible.但需要注意的是,likely的主语可以是人,但p
9、ossible,probable却只能用形式主语it.9.force into 强迫成为、做、进入They forced him into signing(to sign)the paper.He forced his feet into his shoes.She was forced into crime by circumstances.她为境遇所迫而犯罪。The fellow forced his way into my home.那家伙强行闯入我家。pare：China has more people than any other country in the world.China
10、 has more people than any country in Europe.11.Spanish soldiers arrived in South America in the early 16th century when(定语从句）they fought against the native people and took their land.西班牙士兵最早是在16世纪初来到南美的，（当时）他们同土著人打仗，夺取了他们的土地。People from Africa have been living in California since the 1800s,when they
11、 moved north from Mexico.非洲人从 19世纪就在加利福尼亚住下来，（当时）他们是从墨西哥向北来的。Even more arrived between 1942 and 1945 when they came to California to work in the ship and aircraft industries.更多的非洲人是在1942年到1945年间来到加利福尼亚的，当时他们是到船厂或飞机厂工作的。take 捕捉、获胜、占领、夺取等take a tiger/a fort（城堡）/a prisoner/a degree（学位）/a bribe（受贿）12.th
12、e/a majority(of)大多数、大部分The/A majority of the country speak（s)English.The/A majority of students were/was against the policy.The majority is/are always able to impose(强加）its/their will on the minority.majority n.大多数The majority_ for the budget.The majority of students _ hard-working.The majority of t
13、he damage _ easy to repair.单独做主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数，强调个体时，谓语动词用复数。minority 少数was/wereare/isisbe in(the/a)majority 占多数、过半数1).Those who are for the proposal _.A.in the majority B.are the majorityC.are in the majority D.is in the majority2).The number of students in our class _63 and the majority of them _
14、 clever and work hard.A.is;is B.are;are C.is;are D.are;is3)Young people were in the majority at the meeting.(Translate)13.declare vt.1）to make known publicly or officially 宣布,宣告1).The chairman declared the results of the election.2).War was declared on the enemy.警方现在已经对这个地区的毒贩宣战了.3).The police have
15、declared war on drug dealers in this area.法官宣判 这个窃贼有罪。4).The judge declared the thief guilty.2）To state with great forces so that there is no doubt about the meaning宣称,声称,断言1).她郑重宣布她对此事一无所知。She solemnly declared that she knew nothing about it.2).请表明你的立场。Declare your position,please.3).她声称自己无罪。She de
16、clared herself to be innocent.4).他声明此事属实.He declared that it was true.(3)To make a full statement 申报Have you anything to declare?announce 把大家所关心的事情，特别是有新闻价值的，做一般或正式的宣布。14.make/earn a/ones life 谋生、习惯新的生活方式make/earn/get a/ones living 谋生现在越来越多的年轻人去了城市并在那儿谋生。Nowadays more and more young people move to c
17、ities to make a life there.15.a large percentage have chosen=a large percentage of Chinese-Americans have chosen.1).A large percentage of population live in big cities.2).这宾馆很大比例的收入来自于游览这湖的游客。A large percentage of the hotels income comes from the visitors to the lake.3).Only a small percentage of st
18、udents areforeigners.percent(用在数词后）（其余都用percentage)(1)The result is expressed _(以百分比).(2)_ (比例越来越大)of the population own their own houses.(1)_(大部分)people came.(2)_ (百分之五十的学生)came form workers family.as a percentageAn increasing percentage A large percentage of 50 percent of students16.establish a to
19、wn 建立城镇establish a new business 开创新事业establish friendly relations with建立友好关系establish that he was right.证明他是对的。17.immigrate vi.(to/into)移居，迁入他很小时从爱尔兰移民到美国As a child,he immigrated to the US from Ireland.immigration n.immigration laws移民法immigrant(s)n.the European immigrants18.It is believed that It is
20、 said that It is hoped that It is supposed that It is suggested that It is reported that 主语从句It is reported that some European countries are flooded severely.It is hoped that the cost of medical care can be cut down.19.mix 混合n.混合，混乱V.1).We have to come up with a mix(n.)of policies to please the vote
21、rs.（折中）2).You can mix yellow and blue together to make green.3).We can not mix work with pleasure.mixture n.混合物,混合体4).这种饮料是三种不同饮料的混合物The drink is a mixture of 3 different sorts of drinks.a mixture of sadness and anger/water and oilvi.混合，使结合1).Oil and water dont mix2).Oil doesnt mix with water.3).Tom
22、 and John mix like oil and water.4).I got/was mixed up at first.头脑混乱5).He was mixed up in the scandal.(丑闻)牵连到6).Dont get mixed up with them.与交往,有联系Success is a _ of a sharp mind and hard training rather than just talking.A.mixture B.thought C.time D.action20.nationality 国籍1).她是美国国籍但住在中国。She has Amer
23、ican nationality but lives in China.2).-你是哪国人？-中国人-Whats your nationality?-ChineseReading II1.occur vi.存在，被发现；发生；想到，想起(to),(主语是事，宾语是人）These flowers occur in the tropics(热带）.The sound doesnt occur in Chinese.When did the accident occur?.An idea occurred to me.It never occurred to him that she would f
24、ail.2.cattle n.集体名词，指复数概念，谓语用复数We have five(head of)cattle.The cattle are raised on my farm.people,police,folk,militia(民兵部队）3.Indicate vt.指示，标出，表明，暗示He indicated the door hinting me to go out.他指着门示意我出去。The signpost(路标）indicates the right road.His hesitation indicated that he doubted about the plan.(
25、暗示）His red face indicates high blood pressure.（是的征兆）The bell rang,_ that class was over.A.Indicated B.indicating C.indicate D.to indicate4.go exploring 去观光、去探险=go sightseeingexplore探索（for)They are exploring every possibility for the treatment of AIDS.explore for oil.5.apparently adv.显而易见地，显然地,似乎（obv
26、iously)She sat there,apparently absent-minded.He is apparently right.=It is apparently that he is right.6.team up with 与合作或一起工作You can team up with your deskmate to finish the task.If you want to travelling,youd better team up with a group.这两个公司合作研发了一种新药。The two companies teamed up to develop a new
27、medicine.7.hire 雇佣，租用Hiring a car is paid by the hour.I hired a private detective to look into it.hire out 出租 hire oneself out(as)受雇（当)He hired himself out as a bodyguard in a company.rent 租借（让）土地、房屋、动产等。DO you own or rent the video?录像带是你自己的还是租的？He will rent this land(out)to me at$1000 a year.他将把这块土
28、地以每年1000美元的价格租给我。8.Mark out 划线标出界限，设计，计划We marked out a tennis court.我们划出了一块网球场。他被选定担任更高的职务。He was marked out for a higher position.9.take in 包括、吸收、欺骗1)The price _（包括）the cost of all the accommodation and food.2)The old lady was homeless,so I _（带回家）.3)Women_(经常上当）by products for losing weight.takes
29、intook her inare often taken inIf a person is called“April Fool”,he or she is taken _ on that day.A.Up B.off C.in D.on10.have good idea of 对很了解have some idea of 对知道一、二have no idea of 不知道have/give a rough/general idea of 有/给出大致的想法I cant say I have good idea of my country.You must have some idea of wh
30、at they did.Can you give a rough idea of what we will do?11.a great many/a good many 许多、大量的后接名词的复数，也可接of+复数名词或代词，作主语时，谓语用复数。Ive read a great many books about the USA.A good many of them have been to college.Many a student has seen the film.There are a great many beautiful coats in the store and I do
31、nt know which to choose.12.have a view of 观赏I have a good view of the whole city while standing on the top of the mountain.I bought a house with a good view of the lake.（眺望）He often takes dark view of things.(有看法）He had other views for the project.(计划）13.insert vt.插进，投入，嵌入They inserted a small poet in the article.He inserted a key in the lock and opened the door.14.react vi.做出反应/回应How did you react to his blame?(做出反应）Any praise from teachers will react on students.（影响）Some countries now are reacting against America.（反对）
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