2021-2022学年高中新教材英语人教版必修第一册课时作业 UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS 1 WORD版含解析.docx

1、课时作业(十三)Unit4SectionReadingandThinking.单句语法填空1Theseoldpeoplehaveexperiencedallkindsof_(suffer)intheirdifficulttimes.2HetalksaboutRomeasifhe_(be)therebefore.3Though_(suffer)suchaheavyloss, thebossdidntlosethecouragetogoonwithhisbusiness.4_(trap)intheruins, thegirlstillheldapositiveattitude.5Im_(shock

2、)athisdeterminedattitudetowardsthismatter.6Itrainedfortwoweeksonend, completely_(ruin)ourholiday.7Around540millionpeople_(affect)bysecondhandsmoke, whichcauses100,000deathsperyear.8_(bury)undertheruins, thelittlegirlwasratherfrightened.9Theearthquakewassobigthatmostofthehousesinthesmallvillagewereco

3、mpletely_(destroy)10Whenitwasmyturntoexpressmyopinion, Iwas_nervoustosayaword.阅读理解AIfthecrust(外壳)oftheearthwerenotprettysolid(坚固的), itwouldbeshakingandmovingupanddownfrequently.However, thereareplacesintherocksoftheearthscrustwhereitisntstronglyheldtogetherwherefaultsexist.Alongthefaults, onerockmig

4、htpushagainstanotherwithgreatforce.Theenergyischangedtovibrationintherocks, sotheybegintoshakeandwehaveanearthquake!ThemostfamousoneinNorthAmericawastheSanFranciscoearthquakeof1906.Sevenhundredpeoplediedandproperty(财产)damageamountedtoabout$425,000,000.Thegreatestdestructioncamefromthefiresthatfollow

5、edthequake.OneofthemostfamousearthquakesinEuropetookplaceinLisbon, Portugal, in1755.Thecitywasdestroyedandatleastthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.In1908, inCalabriaandSicily, aquakekilledaboutseventyfivethousandpeople.In1915, incentralItaly, hundredsoftownsandvillagesweredamagedandthirtythousandpeople

6、werekilled.TwogreatearthquakesthatcausedgreatdamageinAsiatookplaceinTokyo, Japan, andinGansuProvinceinChina.TheTokyoquakeof1923killedmorethanonehundredthousandpeopleanddestroyedthecityandthecityofYokohama, too.TheChinesequakein1920coveredmorethanthreehundredsquaremilesandkilledabouttwohundredthousan

7、dpeople.1Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsus_.AwhereearthquakeshappenBhowearthquakeshappenCthedamagecausedbyearthquakesDfamousearthquakesintheworld2Theunderlinedword“vibration”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans“_”AshakingBforceCenergyDlosing3.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderoftheyearswhentheearthquakes

8、happened?theSanFranciscoearthquaketheearthquakeinLisbon, PortugaltheearthquakeinCalabriaandSicilytheearthquakeincentralItalytheearthquakeinGansuProvincetheTokyoquakeABCD4Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_.AtheearthscrustinEuropeisweakerthanthatinotherplacesBthefiresfollowingtheSanFranciscoearthquakecause

9、dmoredamagethantheearthquakedidCtherewere75,000peoplekilledintheSanFranciscoearthquakeDthecityofYokohamawasnotgreatlyinfluencedbytheTokyoquakeBItwarmedmyhearttodaytowalkintotheThirstyCameldowntownonThanksgivingDay, foraquicklunchbeforeahaircutandlibrarytrip.Ilan, afoodshopowner, saidthathewasrefusin

10、gtotakemoneytodaybecauseitwasBuyNothingDay.Toincreaseawareness(意识)ofthestrangeoverspendingnatureofoursociety, Ilansuggestedatradeforfoodtoday.Hesimplyaskedthatyouofferedsomethingofequalpersonalvalueforthemealyoureceived.AtfirstIwasreallyuncomfortable, wonderingifitwouldbefairtoexchangeayettobedeterm

11、ined“IOweYou”(IOU)forfood.WhatcouldIgivehimofequalvalue? Afterall, hisfoodisthebestinthetown!WeendedupwritingourIOUswithpromisesofabook, somepaintingsandtheofferofworkinavarietyofwaysifheneedsit.Ithinktheideaisntthatthetradeis“equal”somuchastheimportanceofthekindoftransaction.Weputthoughtintoouroffe

12、randwehadanevengreaterunderstandingforthemealsweate.Wedontbuyalot, especiallyatthisupcomingtimeofyear.Wedontgivegiftsatallinfact.Theholidaytimeisspentenjoyingeachotherscompanyanddoingthingstogetherwithfamilyandfriends.Thisiswhatseemsmostsensible.Ilanisagoodperson.Weareallluckytohavesomeonelikethisin

13、ourcommunity.5Ilandidnottakeanymoneythatdayinorderto_.AhaveaquicklunchbeforeahaircutandlibrarytripBbuynothingthatdaytosavesomemoneyCmakepeopleawareoftheiroverspendingDtradeforsomethingofequalvalueinreturn6Forthemeal, theauthorfinallyofferedIlan_.AsomepromisesBabookCsomepaintingsDworkindifferentways7

14、Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“transaction”？AtransportBtradeCmealDgiving8WhatistheauthorsattitudetoBuyNothingDay?ADisagreeable.BMeaningless.CSupportive.DDoubtful.阅读七选五Wouldyouknowwhattodoifafirestartedinyourhome? Takethetimenowtoreviewthefollowingsafetytips, andyourfamilywi

15、llbepreparedintimeofafireinyourhome：_1_Anescapeplancanhelpeverymemberofafamilygetoutofaburninghouse.Theideaistogetoutsidequicklyandsafely._2_Soitisimportanttolearnandrememberthedifferentwaysoutofyourhome.StaylowIfyoucanseesmokeinthehouse, staylowtothegroundasyoumakeyourwaytotheexit._3_Youwillbreathe

16、lesssmokeifyoustaytotheground.Smokenaturallyrises, soifthereissmokewhileyouareusingyourescaperoute, stayinglowmeansyoucancrawl(爬)undermostofit.Whatifyoucantgetoutrightaway?Ifyoucantgetoutfastbecausefireorsmokeisstoppinganescaperoute, youwillwanttoyellforhelp.Youcandothisfromanopenwindoworcall911ifyo

17、uhaveaphonewithyou._4_Then, firefighterswillhaveahardtimefindingyou.Thesoonertheyfindyou, thesooneryoubothcangetout.Ifyourclothescatchfire, whatshouldyoudo?Yourclothescouldcatchfireduringafireorbyaccidentifyousteptooclosetoacandle.Ifthishappens, dontrun! Instead, stop, droptotheground, coveryourface

18、withyourhands, androll.Thiswillcutofftheairandputouttheflames._5_AKnowyourwayout.BPreventingfiresisinthefirstplace!CAneasywaytorememberthisis: Stop, Drop, andRoll!DSmokefromafirecanmakeithardtoseewherethingsare.ETheywillhelpprepareyouforwhatyouneedtodoincaseofafire.FEvenifyouarescared, neverhideunde

19、rthebedorinacloset.GInafire, smokeandpoisonous(有毒的)airhurtmorepeoplethantheactualflames(火焰)do.课时作业(十三).单句语法填空1sufferings2.hadbeen3.suffering4.Trapped5.shocked6ruining7.areaffected8.Buried9.destroyed10.too.阅读理解A【语篇解读】本文介绍了地震的起因及历史上的几次大地震。1答案与解析：B段落大意题。通读第一段可知，本段介绍了地震的起因。2答案与解析：A词义猜测题。一块岩石有可能用力挤压另一块岩石

20、，地壳的能量发生了改变导致岩石晃动，于是地震发生了。vibration意为“晃动”。3答案与解析：C细节理解题。由文章中地震发生的时间顺序可知C项正确。4答案与解析：B推理判断题。由第二段“Thegreatestdestructioncamefromthefiresthatfollowedthequake.”可知B项正确。B【语篇解读】本文属于说明文。这篇文章主要描述了Ilan为了使人们意识到他们的过度消费，体验一天不花任何钱的生活。5答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Ilan, afoodshopowner, saidthathewasrefusingtotakemoneytoda

21、ybecauseitwasBuyNothingDay.Toincreaseawarenessofthestrangeoverspendingnatureofoursociety”可知Ilan这一天不花钱是为了使人们意识到他们的过度消费。故选C。6答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Afterall, hisfoodisthebestinthetown！”以及第三段“WeendedupwritingourIOUswithpromisesofabook, somepaintingsandtheofferofworkinavarietyofwaysifheneedsit.”可知为了这顿饭作

22、者最后给了Ilan几个承诺。故选A。7答案与解析：B词义猜测题。根据下文“Weputthoughtintoourofferandwehadanevengreaterunderstandingforthemealsweate.”可知，我们用心去想，更加理解我们吃的食物，因此画线句意为：我认为与其说交易是“平等的”，故画线词指的是交易。故选B。8答案与解析：C观点态度题。根据最后一段“Ilanisagoodperson.Weareallluckytohavesomeonelikethisinourcommunity.”可知作者对不购买日的态度是支持的。故选C。.阅读七选五【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明

23、文。讲述的是在家里发生火灾时的应急措施。1答案与解析：A此空是一个小标题，根据下文小标题，可知应该用短小精悍的祈使句，再根据下文提示“一个逃生计划可以帮助每个家庭成员从着火的房子里出来。”由此推知，A项(知道你的逃生出路)切题。2答案与解析：D根据下文提示“所以了解和记住走出家门的不同路线是很重要的。”可知，D项(火冒出来的烟会使人很难看清东西在哪里)切题。3答案与解析：G根据上文提示“如果你能看到房子里有烟，在你往出口走的时候，离地面低一点。”可知，G项(在火灾中，烟雾和有毒的空气比火焰更伤人。)切题。4答案与解析：F根据下文提示“那么，消防员将很难找到你。”可知，F项(即使你害怕，也不要躲在床底下或壁橱里。)切题。5答案与解析：C上文提示“如果发生这种情况，不要跑！相反，停下来，倒在地上，用手捂住脸，然后滚。这将切断空气，扑灭火焰。”可知，C项(记住这一点的一个简单方法是：停止、倒下和滚动！)切题。