1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家语言知识运用练(五)语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。2019兰州实战模拟 Bob Charland used to work as a nightclub security guard. He was beaten so severely in the _1_ twice by people hed kicked out of the bar, most recently in 2015, and it _2_ his
2、 brain. In 2017, he learned he had a cyst (囊肿) in the back of his brain. He had memory loss and severe headaches. “My doctor said my brain looked as though it _3_ to a 70yearold man，” said Charland. The doctor said there was no way to _4_ the disease. _5_ it would take his life. He thought about con
3、tacting Death with Dignity. He didnt want to be a _6_ to anybody. But then, he received a call from an advisor at an underprivileged (贫困的) school, wondering if he had some extra bikes he could _7_. He, in fact, did have some extra bikes. “That _8_ my thought，” said Charland. Some people with a _9_ d
4、isease set out to _10_ and see the world. Charland decided to devote whatever time he had _11_ to giving bikes to underprivileged children. Since the spring of 2017, Charland has spent more than $10, 000 of his own money _12_ about 1,000 bikes for _13_. He works with police officers to help deliver
5、the bikes and _14_ to local schools, adjust seats and handlebars and give children bicycle safety lessons. Many of the children he brings bikes to live in highcrime neighborhoods, and their only previous experiences with police have been _15_. He often takes extra time to connect with them and is no
6、w known in some neighborhoods as “Bob the Bike Guy” “To spend time with these kids and see their smiles is an amazing feeling，” said Charland. “Sometimes, for the first time in a long time, they see that somebody _16_.” He devotes every Tuesday night to turning shabby old bikes into functioning, pre
7、tty ones. Charland said he thinks he chose bikes as a way to help kids because the years hed spent riding a bicycle as a boy in his hometown of Alplaus, NY, were among the _17_ of his life. He was raised by his stepfather who worked many extra hours in construction to _18_ that bike. Charland said,
8、“Every kid should have one.” “My brain will continue to get _19_ and at some point, I will die，” he said, “but Im not there yet. Why not _20_ doing what I love？”体裁：记叙文题材：爱心故事主题：重疾患者给贫穷地区的孩子送去自行车【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，Bob Charland头部受到击打，患上脑瘤，时常头疼。他没有像很多重疾患者去旅游看世界那样去做，而是决定用其余生为贫困地区的孩子送去自行车。【高频词回顾】neighborhood
9、 n. 街区shabby adj. 破旧的，破烂的1A.arm Bback Chead Dleg答案与解析：C考查名词。根据该句中的“his brain”并结合该句中的“He was beaten so severely in the _1_”可推知，他的头部受到了严重的击打，C项意为“头部”，故C项正确。2A.damaged Bcreated Cimproved Dprotected答案与解析：A考查动词。根据上文可知，他的头部受到了严重的击打，结合该句中的“his brain”可推知，这损害了他的脑部，A项意为“损害”，故A项正确。3A.applied Bbelonged Cattende
10、d Dturned答案与解析：B考查动词。根据上文“He had memory loss and severe headaches”可知，他记忆力丧失，头疼严重。结合该句中的“to a 70yearold man”可推知，医生认为他的大脑如同70岁老人的。belong to为固定搭配，意为“属于”，故B项正确。4A.face Bfind Ctolerate Dcure答案与解析：D考查动词。根据语境可知，医生认为已经没有办法治愈他的疾病，D项意为“治愈”，故D项正确。5A.Eventually BFortunately CInitially DImmediately答案与解析：A考查副词。根据
11、语境可知，他的脑部受伤严重，医生认为这最终将要了他的命。A项意为“最后，终于”，故A项正确。6A.follower Bburden Cfighter Dwinner答案与解析：B考查名词。根据上文“He thought about contacting Death with Dignity”可知，他想到了尊严死去；结合该句“He didnt want to be a _6_ to anybody”可知，他不想成为别人的负担。B项意为“负担”，故B项正确。7A.buy Bsell Cpolish Ddonate答案与解析：D考查动词。根据该句中的“wondering if he had some
12、 extra bikes”可知，贫困地区的学校问他是否有可以捐赠的多余的自行车。D项意为“捐赠”，故D项正确。8A.changed Bunderstood Cbuilt Dlost答案与解析：A考查动词。根据上下文的内容可推知，这改变了他的想法。A项意为“改变”，故A项正确。9A.common Bdifferent Cdeadly Drare答案与解析：C考查形容词。根据语境并结合该句中的“Some people with a _9_ disease”可推知，该处指那些患有致命疾病的人开始旅游去看世界。C项意为“致命的”，故C项正确。10A.drink Btravel Clive Dwork答
13、案与解析：B考查动词。参见上题解析，故选B项。11A.killed Bsaved Cleft Dwasted答案与解析：C考查动词。根据该句“Charland decided to devote whatever time he had _11_ to giving bikes to underprivileged children”可知，Charland决定将他的余生奉献给向贫困地区的孩子们送去自行车这件事上，故选C项。12A.making Brepairing Ccleaning Drenting答案与解析：B考查动词。根据语境并结合选项和下文中的“He devotes every Tue
14、sday night to turning shabby old bikes into functioning, pretty ones”可推知，该处是说，自2017年以来，他花了自己的一万美元为孩子们修理了大约一千辆自行车。B项意为“修理”，故B项正确。13A.kids Badults Cparents Dteachers答案与解析：A参见上题解析，故选A项。14A.money Bfood Chelmets Dwater答案与解析：C考查名词。结合该句中的“help deliver the bikes and _14_ to local schools”可推知，他和警察一起给当地的学校送自行
15、车和头盔。C项意为“头盔”，故选C项。15A.exciting Bsatisfying Cpositive Dnegative答案与解析：D考查形容词。根据该句中的“Many of the children he brings bikes to live in highcrime neighborhoods”可知，许多他送自行车的孩子生活在犯罪高发地区。据此可推知，这些孩子们先前与警察打交道的经历常常是负面的，故选D项。16A.cares Bcontrols Cknows Dteaches答案与解析：A考查动词。根据上段可知，这些孩子生活在犯罪率较高的贫困地区，Charland给他们送去自行车
16、，并给他们讲自行车安全知识的课；结合该句中的“Sometimes, for the first time in a long time, they see that somebody _16_”可推知，很长时间以来，这是他们第一次感受到有人在关心他们。A项意为“关心”，故选A项。17A.busiest Bdarkest Csaddest Dhappiest答案与解析：D考查形容词。根据该句中的“hed spent riding a bicycle as a boy in his hometown of Alplaus, NY, were among the _17_ of his life”可
17、推知，他说之所以选择自行车作为帮助孩子们的一种方式，是因为他小时候在家乡骑自行车的那些年是他一生中最快乐的时光之一，故选D项。18A.ride Bafford Cborrow Dreturn答案与解析：B考查动词。根据该句中的“worked many extra hours in construction to _18_ that bike”可知，他的继父为了买得起那辆自行车，在工地上加班加点工作。B项意为“买得起”，故选B项。19A.faster Bslower Cworse Dbetter答案与解析：C考查形容词。根据该句中的“My brain will continue to get _
18、19_ and at some point, I will die”可知，他的病情越来越严重了。C项意为“更糟”，故选C项。20A.avoid Bforget Cimagine Dcontinue答案与解析：D考查动词。根据上文“but Im not there yet”并结合该句可推知，此处表示为什么不继续做我喜欢做的事情呢？D项意为“继续”，故选D项。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。2019青岛质量检测 There are many reasons 21._ college and university stu
19、dents often fail 22._ (get) a full nights of sleep. Many American students are away from their parents for the first time when they attend college. They might not be used to having total 23._ (free) to plan their days and nights. Parties, latenight study meetings, or just time spent relaxing with fr
20、iends these are all things that cut into college students sleep habits. A few years ago, Michael Scullin began teaching 24._ science of sleep to psychology students at Baylor University in Waco, Texas. Scullin is an assistant professor at Baylor and the director of its Sleep Neuroscience and Cogniti
21、on Laboratory. He said his students seemed to enjoy the class and were interested in the material he was teaching. The class 25._ (center) around why the body needs to sleep and the physical and mental health problems 26._ (cause) by lack of sleep. These include difficulty focusing on studies or 27.
22、_ (control) ones emotions, and increased risk of many diseases. The United States, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that adults need at least seven hours sleep a night to stay 28._ (health). Scullin found students who slept more performed 29._ (well)in two different classes, 30._ he
23、 published his findings in two academic publications last November.体裁：说明文题材：学校生活主题：大学生睡眠问题【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了大学生睡眠不足的问题，以及贝勒大学的助手教授的研究发现。21答案与解析：why考查定语从句。句意：大学生经常睡不了整夜的觉有许多原因。本空考查定语从句，后面的从句成分完整且前面的先行词是reasons，故填why。22答案与解析：to get考查非谓语动词。此处表示大学生睡不了整夜的觉。fail to do sth.固定短语“未能做某事”，故填to get。23答案与解析：fr
24、eedom考查名词。句意：他们可能不习惯完全自由地去计划自己的白天与晚上。形容词后应用名词，作having的宾语，故填freedom。24答案与解析：the考查冠词。句意：几年前，迈克尔斯卡林开始教在德克萨斯州韦科市贝勒大学读心理学专业的学生睡眠科学。teach为及物动词，后可直接接宾语，空后是名词，此处应填冠词，具体科学前常用定冠词，故填the。25答案与解析：centered考查时态。句意：该班级以研究人体为什么要睡觉和由于睡眠不足引起的身体与精神方面的健康问题为中心。根据时间状语A few years ago可知，研究发生在几年前，故此处应用一般过去时，故填centered。26答案与解
25、析：caused考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。problems与cause之间为逻辑上的被动关系，此处应用cause的过去分词作problems的后置定语，故填caused。27答案与解析：controlling考查非谓语动词。句意：这些(身心问题)包括专心学习和控制情绪方面的困难以及增加的(患上)许多疾病的风险。(have) difficulty (in) doing sth.固定句式“做某事有困难”，且设空处与前面的focusing并列，形式应保持一致，故填controlling。28答案与解析：healthy考查形容词。此处表示成年人每晚需要至少七小时的睡眠来保持健康。stay healthy为固定搭配，意为“保持健康”。故填healthy。29答案与解析：better考查副词。句意：斯卡林在两个不同的班级里发现睡眠较多的同学表现较好，并且他于去年十一月把他的发现发表在了两本学术刊物上。根据空前的more可知，此处应用比较级，故填better。30答案与解析：and考查连词。句意见上一题解析。由句意可知，两个分句之间是并列关系，应用并列连词，故填and。- 7 - 版权所有高考资源网
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