1、Unit 3 A healthy life健康的生活离不开健康的食物，那么如何判断食物是否健康呢？让我们一起来学习一下吧！Unit 3 A healthy lifeA variety of strategies can be used to identify healthy food and junk food.The division between healthy food and junk food is not absolute,but healthy food typically contains more vitamins and minerals,lower levels of
2、sodium(钠)and chemical additives(添加剂),and healthier oils and fats.Nutrition labels help determine the health of food.If nutritional data is not available,then a few simple rules of thumb can serve instead.Unit 3 A healthy lifeFood in most nations is required to carry nutritional information labels,wh
3、ich are the most effective tools.Healthy food should provide essential macronutrients such as protein,useful roughage in the form of fiber,or vitamins and minerals.Food with high levels of transfat,sodium,or calories from added sweeteners is more likely to be regarded as junk food.Unit 3 A healthy l
4、ifeIf food labels are not present,a few simple rules of thumb can be used to settle the healthy food and junk food question.Natural food is typically healthier than food that has been chemically processed.Fruit and vegetables should almost always be considered healthy food.Colorful fruit and vegetab
5、les are typically very healthy,as rich green,purple,and red hues(色彩)are often produced by chemical compounds with significant health benefits.Unit 3 A healthy lifeIn some cases,the processing techniques used in food may move it from one category to another.While apples certainly fall on the healthy
6、side of the healthy food vs.junk food divide,the relative health benefits of eating an apple would be lost if that apple was first dipped in a thick rich layer of caramel sauce.An onion is a useful source of fiber but should be considered junk food when breaded and deep-fried.Unit 3 A healthy lifeSe
7、ction Warming Up&ReadingComprehendingUnit 3 A healthy life重点单词写作词汇1._ n&vt.滥用；虐待2._ vt.禁止；取缔 n.禁令；谴责 3._ adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的 4._ adj.困难的；强硬的5._ vt.停止(做某事)；离开6._ n.结果；效力 7._ n.肺 8._ n.小包；小盒 abusebanduetoughquiteffectlungpacket重点单词拓展词汇9._ n压力；重音 vt.加压力于；使紧张stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的10._ n青少年 adj.青春期的adolesce
8、nce n青春期 11._ adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的addict n对有瘾的人addictive adj.使人上瘾的 12._ vt.使习惯于accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的 13._ adj.无意识的；自动的automatically adv.无意识地；自动地 stressadolescentaddictedaccustomautomatic重点单词拓展词汇14._ adj.精神的；智力的mentally adv.精神上；智力上physical(反义词)adj.身体的 15._ adj.畸形的；异常的normal(反义词)adj.正常的 16._ adj.不健康的；不合适的；
9、不合格的fit(反义词)adj.健康的 17._ vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强strength n力量 18._ adj.失望的；沮丧的disappointment n失望disappointing adj.令人失望的 19._ adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的shame n羞愧shameful adj.可耻的 mentalabnormalunfitstrengthendisappointedashamed重点单词阅读词汇20.cigarette n _21.alcohol n._ 22.alcoholic adj._ 23.fitness n._ 24.obesity n._25.withd
10、rawal n _26.badtempered adj._ 27.pregnant adj._ 28.chemist n._ 香烟；纸烟酒；酒精酒精的健康(过度)肥胖；肥胖症收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程脾气暴躁的；易怒的怀孕的药剂师；化学家重点短语1._ 对有瘾2._再三地；反复地 3._扔掉；抛弃 4._伤害；损伤 5._放弃；戒掉6._ 由于7._对作出决定 8._代替；而不是 9._想要(做)10._习惯于 addicted toover and over againthrow awaydo damage togive updue todecide oninstead offeel l
11、ike(doing)accustomed to重点句型1.find itadj.to do sth.发现做某事 Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are _(觉得戒烟很难).2.Its time to do sth.该做某事的时候了When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit,I knew _(该到戒烟的时候了).finding it difficult to give it upit was tim
12、e to quit smoking重点句型3.asadj.a/ann.as.和一样I do hope so because I want you to _(像我这样活得健康长寿).4.every time 意为“每次”，引导时间状语从句_(每当你想要吸烟的时候),remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.live as long and healthy Every time you feel like smoking a cigarettea life as I have Fast-reading Skim the text and then do t
13、he following exercises.1What does the passage tell us?ATips on how to give up smoking.BThe harmful effects of smoking.CDifferent ways people can become addicted to smoking.DThe reasons why a smoker becomes addicted to smoking and some advice on how to give up smoking.答案：D2Find out the main idea of e
14、ach paragraph.Para.1 ALeading to the topic by talking about James problem of smoking.Para.2 BIntroducing different ways of becoming addicted.Para.3 CTelling the writers hope for his grandson andadvice on stopping smoking.Para.4 DTelling the harmful effects of smoking.Para.5 ETelling the importance o
15、f healthy life from the writers own life now.答案：EABDC Careful-reading Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.1How many suggestions did James grandfather give in the text?AThree.BFour.CFive.DSix.2From the first two sentences of the letter,we know that James grandfather _A
16、leads a healthy lifeBfeels like seating himself in the gardenChas nothing to do at homeDis tired of a long bike trip3How did the writer try to persuade his grandson to get rid of smoking?ABy using scientific theory.BBy telling his own love story.CThrough his sports activity.DThrough his own experien
17、ce.4From the passage,we know that _Athe writer didnt get rid of smokingBthe writer used to be a member of the school football teamCthe writer is lonely at presentDthe writers suggestions came from his experience答案：14.DADB Study-reading Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1It seems
18、amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.该句为复合句。It 在该句中作_主语，真正的主语是_，且 that 不能省略。翻译 很吃惊，在我这样的年纪，身体还很健康，还能在一个下午骑车跑 20 公里。答案：形式；that 引导的从句2Believe me,I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop.本句中 Believe me 作_，know 后跟了两个 how 引导的宾语从句，其句
19、式为“howadj./adv.主语谓语”，其中 it 为形式主语，_为真正的主语。翻译 相信我，我知道吸烟容易戒烟难。答案：插入语；不定式短语3I believed I was happier and more relaxed after having a cigarette,so I began to think that I could only feel good when I smoked.本句是一个由_连接的并列复合句。前一分句是复合句，其中 believed 后跟省略了连接词 that 的_从句。后一分句也是复合句，其中 think 后跟 that 引导的宾语从句；宾语从句中又包含
20、 when 引导的_状语从句。翻译 我(那时)认为抽了一支烟后我会感到更轻松愉快，于是我开始认为只有抽烟才能使自己感觉良好。答案：so；宾语；时间4When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit,I knew it was time to quit smoking.本句是一个主从复合句。主句是 I knew it was time to quit smoking,knew 后跟省略了连接词 that 的宾语从句。When 引导时间状语从句，从句中又包含 because 引导的_状语从句。翻译 当我因为健康状况欠
21、佳而被校足球队除名时，我才知道该是我戒烟的时候了。答案：原因due to 由于duedju；US duadj.欠款的；预定的；到期的toughtfadj.困难的；强硬的adolescencedlesnsn青春期addicted to 对有瘾addicteddIktIdadj.入了迷的；上了瘾的accustomed to 习惯于(to 为介词)accustomedkstmdadj.惯常的；习惯了的withdrawalwIdrln.戒毒(或脱瘾)过程；收回；撤退withdraw v退出；撤回，撤离badtempered adj.脾气暴躁的；易怒的automaticallytmtIklIadv.无意
22、识地；自动地automatictmtIkadj.无意识的；自动的mentallymentlIadv.精神上；智力上physically adv.身体上，肉体上quitkwItvt.停止(做某事)；离开quit doing sth.停止做某事effectIfektn.结果；效力(常与介词 on 连用)effective adj.有效的；起作用的do damage to.使受到损害lungln.肺pregnantprenntadj.怀孕的abnormalbnmladj.畸形的；异常的abnormally adv.异常地breathlessbrelIsadj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的breathbren.
23、呼吸的空气；一次性吸入的空气breathebriv.呼吸；呼出take off 在此处的意思是“调离，解除(工作、职务等)”，还可以表示“脱下；起飞；迅速流行”。unfitnfItadj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的strengthenstrenvt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强strength n力量；优点resolverIzlvn.决心；决定21 decide on 对作出决定decide on(doing)sth.决定(做)某事22 stressful adj.产生压力的，紧张的(常用来修饰物)stressed adj.焦虑不安的(常用来修饰人)23 packet/pkIt/n.小包；
24、小盒24 determined adj.有决心的，意志坚定的25 feel like(doing)想要(做)26 break the habit 改掉习惯(尤指坏习惯)27 reach for 伸手去拿28 relaxationrilkseInn.放松；松弛relaxed adj.放松的，镇定的；自在的relaxing adj.令人放松的，轻松的relax v松弛；放松29 desperatedesprtadj.绝望的；拼命的30 chemistkemIstn.药剂师；化学家31 gummn.树胶chewing gum 口香糖32 disappointeddIspIntIdadj.失望的；沮丧
25、的33 weakenwiknvi.(对某事的决心)动摇；减弱vt.(使)变弱34 ashamedeImdadj.感到惭愧或羞耻的【核心素养链接】世界前八位致死疾病中有六种疾病(缺血性心脏病、脑血管病、下呼吸道感染、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、结核和肺癌)与吸烟有关。吸烟可能引发肺、喉、肾、胃、膀胱、结肠、口腔和食道等部位的肿瘤，以及流产、早产、胎儿出生缺陷等。吸烟者吸烟量越大、烟龄越长以及开始吸烟的年龄越早，患与吸烟相关的疾病的风险就越大。ADVICE FROM GRANDADDear James，It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the
26、 big tree at the end of the garden.I have just returned from a long bike ride to an old castle.It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.Its my birthday in two weeks time and Ill be 82 years old!I think my long and active life must be due to the hea
27、lthy life I live.It 为形式主语，that 在句中引导主语从句。本句为主从复合句，think 后是一个省略了引导词 that 的宾语从句，其中 I live 为省略关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词 the healthy life。This brings me to the real reason for my letter,my dear grandson.Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up.B
28、elieve me,I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop.You see,during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.此处为“动词形式宾语 itadj.to do”结构，其中 it 为形式宾语，后面的动词不定式短语 to give it up 是真正的宾语。Believe me 为插入语，know 后面跟了两个宾语从句。宾语从句是由 how 引导的感叹句转化而来，其中 it 为宾语从句中的形式主语，动词不定式短
29、语 to begin smoking 和 to stop 为真正的主语。By the way,did you know that this is because you become addicted in three different ways?First,you can become physically addicted to nicotine,which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes.This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to havi
30、ng nicotine in it.So when the drug leaves your body,you get withdrawal symptoms.I remember feeling badtempered and sometimes even in pain.Secondly,you become addicted through habit.As you know,if you do the same thing over and over again,you begin to do it automatically.Lastly,you can become mentall
31、y addicted.I believed I was happier and more relaxed after having a cigarette,so I began to think that I could only feel good when I smoked.I was addicted in all three ways,so it was very difficult to quit.But I did finally manage.此处为 which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词nicotine。When I was young,I didnt know muc
32、h about the harmful effects of smoking.I didnt know,for example,that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant.I certainly didnt know their babies may have a smaller birth weight or even be abnormal in some way.Neither di
33、d I knowthat my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non-smokers.However,what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible.She said my breath and clothes smelt,and thatthe ends of my fingers were turning yellow.She told me that she wouldnt go out with me again unless I stopped!I
34、also noticed that I became breathless quickly,and that I wasnt enjoying sport as much.When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit,I knew it was time to quit smoking.本句含有 that 引导的两个并列的宾语从句，for example 为插入语。否定词 Neither 位于句首，所在的句子用部分倒装。what I did know 为 what 引导的主语从句，that my girlfr
35、iend thought I smelt terrible 为 that 引导的表语从句。I am sending you some advice I found on the Internet.It might help you to stop and strengthen your resolve.I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have此处为“as.as.”结构中的一种形式，即“asadj.a/ann.as.”。Love fromGrandadHow can you stop
36、smoking?It is not easy to stop smoking,but millions have managed to quit and so can you.Here are a few suggestions.Prepare yourself.Decide on a day to quit.Dont choose a day that you know is going to be stressful,such as the day of an exam.Make a list of all the benefits you will get from stopping s
37、moking.Then throw away your last packet of cigarettes.Be determined.Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette,remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.Reread the list of benefits you wrote earlier Break the habit .Instead of smoking a cigarette,do something else.Go for a walk,clean your teeth,dr
38、ink some water,clean the house;in fact,do anything to keep your mind and especially your hands busyRelax.If you start to feel nervous or stressed,do not reach fora cigarette.Try some deep breathing instead.Do some relaxationexercises every time you feel stressed.Get help if you need it.Arrange to st
39、op smoking with a friend so you can talk about your problems,or join a stopsmoking group.If you feel desperate,you might like to talk to a doctor or chemist about something to help you,like nicotine chewing gum.Keep trying.Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finally st
40、op smoking.If you weakenand have a cigarette,do not feel ashamed.Just try again.You will succeed eventually.句子用了部分倒装结构，表示前者的情况也适用于后者。that 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 a day,that 在从句中作主语，从句中 you know 为插入语。you will get from stopping smoking 为定语从句，修饰先行词benefits，其中关系词省略了。本句中的 Every time you feel like smoking a cigarett
41、e 为Every time 引导的时间状语从句，后面的主句中包含一个 that引导的宾语从句。you wrote earlier 为定语从句，修饰先行词 benefits，其中关系词省略了。句中 keep your mind and especially your hands busy 为“keep宾语宾补”结构，宾补由形容词 busy 来充当。本句为主从复合句，主句为祈使句，if 引导条件状语从句，before 引导时间状语从句。爷爷的忠告亲爱的詹姆斯：今天这儿的天气很好。我现在正坐在花园尽头的那棵大树底下。我骑自行车去了远处的一座古城堡，刚刚回来。很吃惊吧，在我这样的年纪，身体还很健康，还
42、能在一个下午骑车跑20 公里。再过两个礼拜就是我 82 岁的生日了！我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。这就是我写这封信的真正原因，我亲爱的孙子。你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在你发现很难把它戒掉。相信我，我知道吸烟容易戒烟难。你知道，我年少的时候也吸过烟，而且还对香烟上了瘾。顺便问一下，你知道这是因为你在三个不同的方面上瘾了吗？首先，你的身体会对尼古丁上瘾，尼古丁是香烟里成百种的化学物质之一。这就是说，过一段时间以后，你的身体就习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。因此一旦你的体内没有这种药物了，你就会出现脱瘾症状。我记得(那时)我脾气暴躁，有时甚至感到痛苦。其次，你也会因为习惯而
43、上瘾。正如你所知道的，如果你反反复复地做同一件事情，你便会开始不由自主地去做这件事。最后，你会在精神上上瘾。我(那时)认为抽了一支烟后我会感到更轻松愉快，于是我开始认为只有抽烟才能使自己感觉良好。我在这三个方面都上瘾了，因此，戒烟很难。但是我最终还是戒掉了。在我年轻的时候，关于吸烟的危害我知道的并不多。比如说，我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和肺部，也不知道抽烟的夫妇生育能力会下降。我当然不知道他们的婴儿在出生时可能体重较轻，甚至在某种程度上(发育)畸形。我也不知道自己抽烟产生的烟还会影响不吸烟的人的健康。然而我知道的是，我的女朋友觉得我身上很难闻。她说我的呼吸和我的衣服都有味道，还说我的手指头
44、都变黄了。她告诉我除非我把烟戒掉，否则她就不再和我交往了。我还发现我很容易变得气喘吁吁，也不像以前那样爱好体育运动了。当我因为健康状况欠佳而被校足球队除名时，我才知道该是我戒烟的时候了。我把我在网上找到的一些建议寄给你，这也许对你戒烟和下定决心有所帮助。我真的希望是这样，因为我想你能像我一样健康长寿。爱你的爷爷怎样才能戒烟？戒烟不容易，但几百万人都成功地戒掉了烟，所以你也能。这儿有几点建议：做好准备。决定一个开始戒烟的日子。不要选择你明知有压力的日子，例如要考试的那一天。把你会从戒烟中获得的所有好处列一张清单。然后把你最后一包香烟扔掉。下定决心。每次你想吸烟的时候，你就提醒自己：你(已经)是不
45、吸烟的人了。把你早先写的那张(关于戒烟的)好处的清单再读一下。改掉习惯。不要抽烟，去干点儿别的事情。去散散步，刷刷牙，喝点儿水，打扫房间。事实上，只要是能使你的大脑，特别是让你的手不闲着的事情，你都可以去做。放松。如果你开始感到紧张或有压力，不要伸手去拿香烟，而是试着做些深呼吸。每当你感到紧张时，就去做些放松运动。需要的话找人帮忙。找个朋友一起安排戒烟，这样你可以谈谈你的问题，或者参加一个戒烟小组。如果你感到绝望，你还可以和医生或药剂师谈些能帮助你的事情，如嚼含尼古丁的口香糖等。不断尝试。如果非得尝试多次才能最终把烟戒掉，你也不要失望。如果你因意志薄弱而又吸烟了，也不要感到羞愧。再试一次就是了。最终你会成功的。本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放