1、Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8 Section Grammar Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8 语法精讲技能培养 过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语 语法图解 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8 Dont touch the glass because it is broken.In April,thousands of holidaymakers r
2、emainedstuck abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.When will you go to hospital and have your toothexamined?Claire had her luggage checked an hour beforeher plane left.探究发现 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8 Is there anything planned for tomorrow?After completing and signing it
3、,please return theform to us in the envelope provided.The island,joined to the mainland by a bridge,iseasy to go to.Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8 自我发现(1)例句中的过去分词在句中作表语。(2)例句中的过去分词在句中作宾语补足语。(3)例句中的过去分词在句中作定语,单个分词置于被修饰词前,分词短语置于被修饰词之后。(4)综上七句不难看出,分词的逻辑主语与该分词的动词构成动宾关系。Unit 3
4、Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8 过去分词表示被动或完成的动作,具有形容词、副词的作用,在句中可以用作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。一、过去分词作定语 1过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成,即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者,且该动作已完成。要点精析 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8 the broken window打破的窗户 the question discussed yesterday
5、昨天讨论的问题(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语时仅表示完成。fallen leaves落叶 boiled water开水 faded flowers凋谢的花 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8 2位置(1)单一的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。A watched pot never boils.心急锅不开。The excited people rushed into the building.(2)过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的名词之后。过去分词及过去分词短语作定语一般均可以转换为一个定语从句。This
6、 will be the best novel of its kind ever written.This will be the best novel of its kind which was everwritten.这本小说将是这类小说中写得最好的。Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8 The witnesses questioned by the police just now gave very differentdescriptions of the fight.The witnesses who was
7、 questioned by the police just now gavevery different descriptions of the fight.刚才被警察询问的证人对打架作出了不同的描述。The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted.The suggestion which had been sent to the committee was adopted.呈送给委员会的建议被采纳了。【提 示】动 词 amaze,embarrass,interest,excite,disappoint,encourage,move,surp
8、rise,astonish,delight,frighten,inspire,please,puzzle,terrify,shock,satisfy,worry,confuse,amuse,tire等构成的过去分词实际上已经成了形容词,它们常用来修饰人。Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8 二、过去分词作表语 过去分词作表语,通常表示主语心理感受或所处的状态。这时过去分词可以被看作一个形容词,是形容词化 的 过 去 分 词。常 见 的 有:seated,surprised,astonished,amazed,move
9、d,exhausted,worried,devoted,pleased,inspired,encouraged,excited,delighted,satisfied,scared,frightened,disappointed等。I am pleased with the result of the experiment.我对试验结果很满意。Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8【提示】过去分词作表语时,强调主语所处的状态;动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作。The cup is broken.杯子破了。
10、(强调杯子的状态)The cup was broken by Jim.杯子是吉姆打破的。(强调动作)Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8 三、过去分词作宾语补足语 作宾语补足语的过去分词位于及物动词宾语之后,通常和宾语有逻辑动宾关系。可以带过去分词作宾语补足语的结构有:(1)see,hear,watch,feel,find,observe,notice,lookat,listen to等表示感觉和心理状态的动词。I heard the song sung in English.我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。He fou
11、nd his hometown greatly changed.他发现他的家乡变化很大。Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8(2)make,get,have,leave等表示“致使”意义的动词。Ill have my hair cut tomorrow.明天我要理发。He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.他昨天把牙拔了。Dont leave those things undone.要把那些事情做完。Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能
12、力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8(3)like,want,wish,order等表示“希望,要求”等意义的动词,其后常接宾语(to be)done这种形式,tobe可省略 I would like this matter(to be)settled at once.我希望此事立刻得到解决。I wish my homework(to be)finished before fiveoclock.我希望5点前完成我的作业。Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8(4)过去分词作宾补时,要注意以下几种情况:使役动词have接过去
13、分词作宾补有两种情况:过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。He had his money stolen.他的钱被偷了。(被别人偷去了)过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历。He had his leg broken.他的腿断了。(自己的经历)Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8 过去分词在原句中作宾补时,如果原句变为被动语态,那么过去分词就在新句中作主补了。The big fire is reported controlled.(主补)据报道这场大火已经得到控制。The meeting room was found
14、thoroughly cleanedand everything arranged in good order.(主补)人们发现会议室被彻底打扫了,一切都布置得井井有条。Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8(5)with复合结构。With my homework finished,I went fishing withmy father.随着家庭作业的完成,我跟着父亲去钓鱼。With everything considered,his plan is betterthan yours.把所有的事情考虑到,他的计划优于
15、你的。Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8 四、现在分词与过去分词的区别 现在分词 过去分词 定语(1)通常表示“主动”或“进行”。(2)使役动词的ing形式表示事物具有的性质和特征。(1)通常表示“被动”或“完成”。(2)使役动词的ed形式表示人所处的状态。表语 宾补 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8 I know the man standing there.我认识站在那儿的那个人。Is there anything planned for tonight?今晚有什么活动吗?Dont have the students studying all day.不要让学生全天学习。They were very excited at the news.他们听到这个消息很兴奋。Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 菜 单 综合训练能力提升语法精讲技能培养英语选修8 本讲结束请按ESC键返回综合训练能力提升