1、单元素养检测(六)(Unit 6)(时间: 120分钟满分: 150分)第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分,满分7. 5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text 1M: The dictionary is $20, but I have only$10. W: Ill lend you $6. Thats all I have. 1. How many dollars does the man still need to
2、 buy the dictionary?A. Three dollars. B. Four dollars. C. Six dollars. 答案: BText 2M: I cant get that washing machine downstairs to work. Do you have any suggestions?W: Try washing just half of the normal load. 2. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Husband and wife. B. Pati
3、ent and nurse. C. Driver and passenger. 答案: AText 3M: Have we missed it? The man said its only five blocks away opposite the bank. W: Wait a minute, the Chinese restaurant, the national bank, there it is, the Radisson Hotel. 3. Which place are the speakers trying to find?A. A hotel. B. A bank. C. A
4、restaurant. 答案: AText 4W: Jack, how do you like the play?M: Its a simple story with a happy ending, but, luckily, they had a very strong actor who managed to carry the whole play. 4. What does the man like about the play?A. The story. B. The ending. C. The actor. 答案: CText 5W: Nice weather were havi
5、ng. M: Yes. Isnt it a nice surprise? At this time its usually much cooler and raining already. W: Well, this weather will probably end soon. All the leaves on the trees are brown, and its been pretty cold at night. 5. What season is it now?A. Spring. B. Autumn. C. Winter. 答案: B第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分,满分2
6、2. 5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。Text 6W: Well, Im afraid my cooking isnt to your taste. M: Actually, I like it very much. W: Im glad you enjoy it. Let me serve you some more fish. M: No, thank you. Ive ha
7、d enough fish, but Id like some soup. W: Here it is. Help yourself!M: Thanks. I didnt know you were so good at cooking. If only my wife could learn from your cooking skills. W: Why not bring your wife next time? I havent seen her for quite a while. M: OK, I will. She will be very glad to see you, to
8、o. Thank you for the wonderful meal. 6. What does the man think of the womans cooking?A. Its not to his taste. B. Its very good indeed. C. Its better than what he does. 答案: B7. What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Bring his wife next time. B. Have more rice. C. Have some soup. 答案: A听第7段材料,回答第8、9
9、题。Text 7M: Hi, Jane. You must have had a happy time. Your look sells yourself. W: Yeah. What troubled me most has gone with the wind. M: Oh. I am interested in it. Come on, tell me about it. W: I started a hobby a couple of weeks ago. You know, I had never been interested in anything before that. M:
10、 Really? Tell me more. W: Im learning to paint watercolors. Besides Ive already gone into it. M: How interesting! What is your favorite subject?W: I like painting landscapes best, but I also enjoy drawing still lives. M: I do envy you. I tried to paint in the past, but I have no artistic talent. I j
11、ust like to watch others drawing. 8. What is the woman happy about?A. She has got a good book. B. She has started a new hobby. C. She has won a prize in a competition. 答案: B9. What does the woman like best?A. Painting landscapes. B. Drawing still lives. C. Learning literature. 答案: A听第8段材料,回答第1012题。T
12、ext 8W: Nice to meet you, Mark. Im Rose, a reporter from Sports Weekly. May I ask you some questions?M: Sure. W: What makes you take part in such a long race?M: I have confidence in my strength. I manage to do some exercise every day. W: Do you mean that regular exercise contributes to your good hea
13、lth?M: Yes. Many young people nowadays watch games on TV, read about sports on the Internet and state that they love sports. I cant see any good of that. W: I am one of them. What shall I do?M: A human being is a kind of machine that wears out from lack of useYou can start with some easy movements,
14、such as walking and jogging. W: Shall I stick to one exercise?M: You can, but your general fitness level is likely to increase through different activities. W: Thank you. And I hope I can see you in the race next year.10. What makes the man take part in the long race?A. Desire for fitness. B. Sense
15、of responsibility. C. Confidence in his strength. 答案: C11. What does the man think of the young people nowadays?A. They dislike reading sports news. B. They dont get much exercise. C. They love all kinds of popular sports. 答案: B12. What does the man advise the woman to do?A. Stick to one type of exe
16、rcise. B. Take part in the race next year. C. Do easy movements at first. 答案: C听第9段材料,回答第1316题。Text 9W: Wow! Were starting for another picnic! Last time some of us organized a picnic and got caught in a sudden shower. But I was one of the wise ones who had a look at the sky and stayed right where I
17、was in my nice dry house. M: By the way, Lydia, whos going to pick us up this time?WGeorge. At least he said he would. M: Can we depend on him? Hes kind of a late riser, and though its not the rush hour, I doubt if he will be punctual this time. W: Dont worry, Clifford. Take it easy. Well, do you ha
18、ve something planned after the picnic? I decide to stay home for some reading. What do you have in mind?M: Im going to take a walk around to take in some fresh air. W: Well, everyone has his way of relaxation. M: I can hear a car outside. I guess it must be George. W: Yeah, its him. There comes his
19、nice blue car. 13. What do we know about the womans last picnic?A. She got caught in the sudden rain. B. She had a good time with her friends. C. She stayed home for fear it would rain. 答案: C14. Who will drive the car?A. Clifford. B. George. C. Lydia. 答案: B15. Why arent the speakers so sure about Ge
20、orges arriving on time?A. Because he often gets up late. B. Because his car always breaks down. C. Because he may be delayed during the rush hour. 答案: A16. What does the woman want to do after the picnic?A. Take a walk around. B. Stay home reading. C. Learn to drive a car. 答案: B听第10段材料,回答第1720题。Text
21、 10W: A white dog named Bubbles was lost near the north entrance to Central Park on Wednesday, June 8th. Bubbles was last seen wearing a dark brown leather collar. Attached to the collar is a pink name tag with her address and phone number on it. Bubbles is a seven-year-old female dog with short hai
22、r. She weighs about five pounds and is very smart. She can sit and wait to be given food, play catch, roll over, and play dead. Bubbles is a member of our family, and we miss her very much. We got Bubbles as a two-month-old puppy when our daughter was only three years old. Bubbles slept with her eve
23、ry night. Now, our daughter cries herself to sleep every night because she misses her best friend. Bubbles brought love and happiness to our family. Please help us find her. We are offering a reward of $1,000 to anyone who finds and returns this precious member of our family to us, no questions aske
24、d. If you have seen Bubbles or know where she is, call us at (206) 452-9716. 17. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To sell a lovely puppy. B. To look for a lost dog. C. To find someone to adopt a dog. 答案: B18. What color is Bubbles leather collar? A. Pink. B. White. C. Brown. 答案: C19. How old
25、is Bubbles? A. Seven years old. B. Three years old. C. Two months old. 答案: A20. What do we know about the speakers daughter? A. She feeds Bubbles every day. B. She walks Bubbles every night. C. She shares her bed with Bubbles. 答案: C第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D
26、四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWith all the recent concern about the environment,people want to see their money used to better the planet. Here are four well-known environmental organizations. World Wildlife Fund (WWF) The World Wildlife Fund is perhaps one of the best-known organizations for the protection of endang
27、ered species and their habitats around the world. Theyve been around for over 45 years. You can donate through their website worldwildlife. org, join their organization as a member, or adopt an animal through their online adoption center. National Geographic Society (NGS)National Geographic Society
28、is well-known for their magazine and their specials on TV. The organization itself is one of the longest-running in the worldtheyve been around since 1888. focus on exploration and conservation of forests, oceans, habitats, species and societies. You choose to donate through the website nationalgeog
29、raphic. com,buy something at their online store, or order a magazine subscription. National Wildlife Federation (NWF) Founded officially in 1937, the National Wildlife Federation tries to protect wildlife at all costs. In fact, they believe that having the public educated is the best way to help the
30、 environmentthe more you know, the more you can protect the world we live in. Donations to the NWF can be made through their website nwf. org or through other options, like matching gifts, workplace giving, or memorial donations. Ecology Fund. comSet up in 1976,Ecology Fund. com is run on user click
31、s. Advertisers buy ad space on the site every time someone clicks. The money goes to buy endangered wilderness land to protect it from companies that would destroy it. So far, Ecology Fund, com has bought land in many areas. The best thing about this site is that you neednt donate any moneyall you h
32、ave to do is click. 【语篇概述】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个著名的环保组织。21. Which environmental organization has the longest history?A. Ecology Fund. com. B. World Wildlife Fund. C. National Geographic Society. D. National Wildlife Federation. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章内容可知,WWF有45年以上的历史;NGS从1888年就开始存在,迄今已有超过100年的历史;NWF成立于1937年;E
33、cology Fund. com成立于1976年,因此NGS时间最长。22. What does NWF think is the most important in environmental protection?A. Knowledge. B. Management. C. Money. D. Patience. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段对NWF介绍中的In fact, they believe that having the public educated is the best way to help the environmentthe more you know, t
34、he more you can protect the world we live in. 可知,他们认为,让公众 受教育是帮助环境的最佳方式你知道得越多,就越能保护我们所生活的这个世界。因为,NWF 认为知识在环保中是最重要的。23. In what way does Ecology Fund. com differ from the other three organizations?A. The size of networks. B. The way of operation. C. The strength of influence. D. The degree of popular
35、ity. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第五段对Ecology Fund. com的介绍The best thing about this site is that you neednt donate any moneyall you have to do is click. 可知,Ecology Fund. com是靠用户的点击率获得广告收入的方式运营的,用户不需要捐钱,他们只需要点击即可,而其他三个环保组织都接受包括捐款在内的多种方式的支持。因此,Ecology Fund. com与其他三个环保组织的运营方式不同。BFour million children are caught up i
36、n the war in Syria. Thirteen-year-old Rabia is one of them. Tall and thin,she sits shaking in a yellow T-shirt at the Al Marj settlement,close to the Lebanese-Syrian border. Home for Rabia was once a two-story house near Damascus. Now it is a tent shared with her nine family members. Rabias face is
37、covered with dirt,and she is tired and cold. She has just finished work,picking up potatoes that fell from a truck. Her typical day starts at 4 a. m. ,and she works a double shift that lasts about 16 hours,putting potatoes into bags. The only choice for her is that she can choose the first eight hou
38、rs or the second eight hours. For this,she gets paid about $8 a day. Working means Rabia misses school. Back in her village,she was the best in her class and good at everything. Her favorite subjects were Arabic literature and math. But,like many children now living in the settlementsthere are no of
39、ficial refugee(难民)camps in Lebanon that was Rabias old life. Life before war,before her family moved five times to escape the bombs,before leaving behind her bedroom,her toys and her friends without packing a bag,before “half the people I know” were dead. The old life was full of laughter with her s
40、ister,Wala. But Wala,14,got married two days ago to an 18-year-old Lebanese. Rabia is happy for her sister. Life in the settlement is toughthe children have nowhere to play,the bathing is poor and sexual abuse is out of control. You cant blame parentsoften confused,illiterate(不识字的)and poorwho want t
41、o marry off their daughters. They fear for their safety. Increasing numbers of Rabias girlfriends are getting married. Once in rural Syria,a girl got married at 16. According to UNICEF,the age is now dropping to 12 or 13. It is no secret that Lebanese men want to marry Syrian refugee girls,who work
42、hard and dont ask for anything. 【语篇概述】文章通过叙利亚女孩Rabia的故事向人们报道了叙利亚战后的糟糕的形势: 人们的正常生活遭到破坏,很多女孩很早就结婚,以此获得安全。24. Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A history book. D. A travel magazine. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。文章通过叙利亚女孩Rabia的故事向人们报道了叙利亚战后的糟糕的形势: 人们的正常生活遭到破
43、坏,很多女孩很早就结婚,以此获得安全。所以是一篇新闻报道。25. The underlined word “shift” in Para. 3 probably refers to _. A. the extra taskB. the low payC. the potato factoryD. the working period【解析】选D。词义猜测题。从第三段倒数第二句The only choice for her is that she can choose the first eight hours or the second eight hours. 可知Rabia轮班工作,shi
44、ft指工作时段。26. The writers purpose for writing Para. 4 is to_. A. present the dream of RabiaB. show the damage of the warC. predict the future of Syrian girlsD. compare the life before war and now【解析】选B。段落大意题。从第四段的内容可知,战争让Rabia辍学,失去家园,失去朋友,成为难民,使很多人死亡,所以这一段讲的是战争的危害。27. According to the passage, which o
45、f the following is WRONG?A. Before the war, Rabia was the best student in her class and good at everything. B. Rabia and her family have moved five times to escape the bombs since the war broke out. C. Rabia now lives in a two-story house near Damascus. D. Lebanese men like to get married to Syrian
46、refugee girls, because they work hard and ask for nothing. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段可知Rabia 以前住在一所两层的房子里,现在与她九个家人住在帐篷里。所以C项不正确。其他各项都与文章相符。COne young lady is being praised for perfect manners for an apology note she wrote to the National Park, after she reportedly took a rock home as a souvenir (纪念品). In ex
47、pressing her regret, the girl also returned the stolen rock to the park and even gave a donation. On Aug, 17, the National Park shared the tale of the note to their Facebook page, where it has since been liked over 5,200 times, and shared about 700. “Dear Park Ranger( 护林员), Deep Creek was awesome! I
48、 especially liked Tom Branch Falls,” the youngster, named Karina, began her letter, “ I loved it so much. I wanted to have a souvenir to come home with me. ”“So I took a rock. Im sorry, and I want to return it,” she said. “Also, heres a donation!”Lucky for Karina, the park rangers were moved by her
49、sincere apologies for the petty theft, and even wrote back. “Dear Karina. Thank you so much for returning the rock! It has made its way back to Tom Branch Falls. We are so glad you enjoyed your visit, ”the park officials wrote in their Facebook post. “Already, you are becoming an amazing steward for
50、 the park. Thank you for recognizing that what is in the park should stay in the park. If every visitor took a rock home, that would mean 11 million rocks would be gone from the park every year!”they shared. The park rangers went on to explain the importance of rocks in the Natural Park as homes for
51、 “hundreds” of creatures, including salamanders. “Now that you know to leave nature the way you find it, we hope you will help share this message with others,” the officials concluded, ”It is always a good thing to give another the chance to discover!”【语篇概述】本文主要讲述了一个女孩在自然公园拿了一块石头又幡然悔悟,她归还了石头,写了道歉信,而
52、且还捐了款。这件事情告诉我们,我们一定要保护自然环境中的一切,如果每个人都取走一块石头,那自然公园的石头最终就所剩无几了。28. Why did the young lady take the rock home from the natural park?A. Because its valuable. B. Because it looks nice. C. Because she liked Tom Branch Falls and wanted to have a souvenir. D. Because Deep Creek was so awesome that she wante
53、d to have a souvenir. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第三段“I especially liked Tom Branch Falls” “I loved it so much. I wanted to have a souvenir to come home with me. ”可知这位年轻的女士从自然公园把石头带回家,因为她喜欢Tom Branch Falls,想留个纪念。故选 B。29. Besides writing an apology note, what did the girl do?A. Return the stone and give a donat
54、ionB. Become a steward for the parkC. Share the note to her Facebook page. D. Take the stone back to Tom Branch Falls【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第一段In expressing her regret, the girl also returned the stolen rock to the park and even gave a donation. 可知除了写道歉信,女孩还把石头还给了公园,并捐了款。30. From this passage, we can lear
55、n that_. A. Not all the visitors can take a rock from the natural parkB. The salamanders are a kind of rare plantsC. When we go to the natural park, we should leave nature the way we find itD. Its always a good thing to share messages with others【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Now that you know to leave natur
56、e the way you find it, we hope you will help share this message with others,” the officials concluded, “It is always a good thing to give another the chance to discover!”可知到自然公园时,我们应该按照发现自然的方式离开自然。故选C。31. Whats the best title for this passage?A. A pretty thiefB. A Rock from the Natural ParkC. A Girl
57、 Who Have Perfect MannersD. An Apology Note【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段One young lady is being praised for perfect manners for an apology note she wrote to the National Park, after she reportedly took a rock home as a souvenir. 文章从一封道歉信开始,然后这封道歉信被在网上分享,最后护林员回信,都说明这篇文章是围绕道歉信展开的。DPlastics remain one of the mo
58、st-used materials for making many things. Things made of plastics can be very strong and last a long time. Plastics are also much lighter than metal and can easily be formed into different shapes. Plastics can take hundreds of years to break down on their own. And very few kinds are highly recyclabl
59、e. A team of researchers working at the US Department of Energy says it has created a kind of plastic that could lead to products that are 100 percent recyclable. It recently reported the discovery in a study in the journal Nature Chemistry. The researchers say the new material is a plastic polymer
60、(聚合物)called polydiketoenamine, or PDK. The team reports the material can be broken down in parts at the molecular (分子的)level. It can then be built up again to form plastics of different shapes, textures and colors. The researchers say this process can be repeated over and over againwithout the plast
61、ic material losing any performance or quality. “Most plastics were never made to be recycled,” lead researcher Peter Christensen said in a statement. “But we have discovered a new way to assemble plastics that takes recycling into consideration from a molecular perspective. ”Many plastics have diffe
62、rent chemicals added to them to make them more useful and powerful. The problem is that these chemicals attach to the monomers (单体),which remain in plastics even after the material gets processed at a recycling plant. The research team reported that, with the newly discovered PDK material, the monom
63、ers could be recovered and separated from any chemical additives. Next, the researchers plan to develop PDK plastics “with a wide range of thermal and mechanical properties. These plastics could be used for many kinds of cloth, as well as things such as 3D printed materials and foams. In addition, t
64、he team is trying to include plant-based materials in the process. 【语篇概述】文章主要介绍了一个研究团队正在研究一种新型的塑料,这种塑料更容易降解,更耐用且可以循环利用。32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. Plastics are never highly recyclable. B. Plastics are widely used in our lives. C. Plastics have both advantages and disadvantages. D
65、. Plastics take hundreds of years to break down. 【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的Things made of plastics can be very strong and last a long time. . . . And very few kinds are highly recyclable. 可知,塑料结实耐用,更易成型;需要上百年才能降解,且几乎不能循环利用;所以本段既讲了塑料的优点也讲了缺点。C. Plastics have both advantages and disadvantages. (塑料既有优点也有缺点)
66、可以总结本段。33. What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. The new material. B. The research team. C. The molecular level. D. The producing process. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据前句The team reports the material can be broken down in parts at the molecular level. (研究团队说这种材料能被降解成分子大小的微粒)和画线词后面的can then
67、 be built up again to form plastics of different shapes, textures and colors. (然后再次组合形成不同形状,质地和颜色的塑料)可知,It指代的是前文提到的新材料,尤其从can be和can then be可以推出前后讲的是同物。34. Why do many plastics have different chemicals added to them?A. To make them easy to break down. B. To make them easy to get processed. C. To mak
68、e it possible for them to be recycled. D. To make them stronger and more widely used. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的Many plastics have different chemicals added to them to make them more useful and powerful. 可知,加入其他化学物质的目的是让塑料更有用,更耐用。D. To make them stronger and more widely used. (让它们更坚固,使用面更广)符合以上说法。35. W
69、hat can we infer from the last paragraph?A. PDK plastics will be soon put to good use. B. PDK plastics may have a promising prospect. C. The researchers are busy developing PDK plastics. D. Plant-based materials have been used in the new plastics. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的These plastics could be used f
70、or many kinds of cloth, as well as things such as 3D printed materials and foams. 可知,这种新型塑料在将来可以被用在很多领域,例如布料,3D打印和泡沫。B. PDK plastics may have a promising prospect. (PDK塑料可能有一个光明的前景)符合以上说法。第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。There are plenty of facts on why recycl
71、ing is important. The world population is growing, and currently each human being adds waste to the planet over his or her lifetime. In New York alone, people produce enough trash in one day to fill the entire Empire State building. In most developed countries its not too difficult to make a differe
72、nce. 36If everyone reused their copy of a single edition of The New York Times, we could save 75,000 trees. Recycling basically involves turning used materials that are labeled as recyclable over to your local waste facility designated as “recyclable” materials to be taken and reused as material for
73、 a new purpose. A recyclable product is turned back into a raw form that can be used to create a new and different product. 3738Not all materials may be recyclable. Check with your local recycle center to find out what you can and cannot recycle. Youll notice that recyclable products are labeled wit
74、h numbers from 1 to 7, 1 being the most recyclable, and 7 being the least recyclable. Youre no doubt aware by now why this is so important. However, the effort involves not only recycling existing products, but purchasing products that have already been recycled. 39To purchase products made from reu
75、sed materials, simply look for a recycling symbol and language on the products packaging. Another way to help the planet is to simply cut down on the amount of non-recyclable materials you throw out. Whats a good way to do this? 40If you forget, insist on paper, and pack as many goods in one bag as
76、possible, without double bagging. A. And what a difference we can make?B. What you can recycle depends on your area. C. To meet these targets, more people must take action regularly. D. Every day we use a variety of products to fulfill our basic needs. E. One of the most effective ways is to bring y
77、our own reusable bag to purchase groceries. F. Today, thanks to a strong push in the green movement recently, youll notice more and more products made from recycled materials. G. The natural resources on our planet earth are limited so we must make the most to conserve, recycle and reuse whenever po
78、ssible. 【语篇概述】 随着人口的增长,资源的回收再利用是非常重要的。每个人应该从自我做起,尽可能地选择可以回收再利用的产品。36. 【解析】选A。根据上文内容可以判断出此空是对上文的延伸: 从国家到个人。下文内容是对上文内容的的回答。再把握关键词make a difference。37. 【解析】选G。根据空前内容: 可以回收的产品就是把用过的产品变成原材料以制成新产品。此空是对前面内容的进一步说明: 因为资源有限所以必须充分利用。38. 【解析】选B。根据空后内容: 并不是所有的东西都可以回收利用,需要到当地的回收中心确认什么可以回收,什么不可以回收。故空格内容应该为: 可以回收利用
79、的东西取决于你所在的地区。39. 【解析】选F。根据下文内容: 要想买可以再利用材料的产品, 只需要看一下包装的回收标志和语言,可以判断出前文应该是: 现在由于环保行动的推动,你将会看到越来越多的由可回收材料制成的产品。40. 【解析】选E。根据空前句: Whats a good way to do this?可以判断出此空应该陈述如何减少使用不能回收的材料的方法。第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Endangered languages can be foun
80、d throughout the world. Many languages now have fewer than 100 or even fewer than 10 speakers. The crisis is not limited to remote regions of the world. When Europeans first arrived in North America, 312 different languages were 41, of which 123 are now known to be extinct. Of the42 languages, most
81、speakers are grandparents and great -grandparents. Different researchers offer different definitions of “endangered”. The system of assessment used43the Catalogue of Endangered Languages evaluates languages in four areas: the44 of all the speakers, how often the language is conveyed to the next45, t
82、he rate at which it is losing speakers and the 46 in which it is used. Based on this data, languages are ranked on a six-point scale from “safe” to “severely endangered. ” The midpoint, “endangered” refers to language with between 100 and 1,000 speakers who represent about half of the languages comm
83、unity or ethnic group. The language is spoken only by some parents, of whom very few teach it to their children. It is 47used at home and is not taught in schools or used for government business. Languages become endangered due to a number of48 factors including globalization, economics, technology,
84、 education policy, and changes in 49 attitudes. As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected, previously50language communities come under pressure to participate in a larger economy, which means learning the areas majority language. 51, local schools often begin to teach the maj
85、ority language instead of the local tongue. Local languages also52as communities adopt mobile phones and computers most of which run on software that has been translated into only a handful of languages. This trend53as these devices connect users to the Internet. At this point, many communities unde
86、rgo a cultural shift54 which parents no longer value the language enough to teach it to their children. Initiatives to55endangered languages have become more numerous in recent years. These efforts tend to focus on two main areas: the documentation of endangered languages, and efforts to increase th
87、e use of endangered languages among younger speakers and in the community at large. 【语篇概述】本文介绍了造成世界上许多语言濒临灭绝的原因以及拯救措施。41. A. at handB. at riskC. in useD. in view【解析】选C。句意: 当欧洲人第一次到达北美时,312种不同的语言被使用,其中123种现在已经不再存在了。at hand在手边;at risk在危险中;in use在使用中;in view在视野范围内。空后说其中123种语言现在已经不再存在了,说明当时有312种不同的语言被使用
88、。42. A. ancientB. evolvingC. localD. surviving【解析】选D。句意: 在现存的语言中,大多数的使用者是祖父母和曾祖父母。ancient古老的;evolving发展中的;local当地的;surviving继续存在的。上文说其中123种语言已经不再存在了,与“不再存在的”相对的是“现存的”。43. A. byB. forC. toD. with【解析】选A。句意: 濒危语言目录使用的评估系统从四个方面对语言进行评估: 所有使用者的年龄、语言传递给下一代的频率、语言流失的速度和使用情况。used by由使用。44. A. ageB. background
89、C. numberD. religion【解析】选A。age年龄;background背景;number数量;religion宗教。上文说现存的语言中,大多数的使用者是祖父母和曾祖父母,因此使用者的年龄应该是评估语言的一个方面。45. A. committeeB. centuryC. generationD. government【解析】选C。committee委员会;century世纪;generation辈、代;government政府。根据常识可知,语言的濒危主要是由于使用者的减少,因此传递给下一代的频率也是评估语言的一个方面。46. A. contentB. occupationsC.
90、 situationsD. themes【解析】选C。content内容;occupations职业;situations情况;themes主题。根据空后的“in which it is used”可知此处指“语言的使用情况”。47. A. advisedlyB. efficientlyC. primarilyD. rarely【解析】选D。句意: 它很少在家里使用,也不在学校里教授或用于政府事务。advisedly故意地;efficiently有效地;primarily根本地;rarely很少地。濒危语言自然是很少被使用。48. A. balancingB. complicatingC. h
91、istoricalD. interrelated【解析】选D。句意: 由于包括全球化、经济、技术、教育政策和文化态度的变化等在内诸多相关因素,语言受到威胁。balancing平衡的;complicating复杂的;historical历史的;interrelated相关的。根据常识可知,全球化、经济、技术、教育政策和文化态度的变化都是与语言受到威胁相互关联的因素。49. A. culturalB. mentalC. moralD. religious【解析】选A。cultural文化的;mental精神的;moral道德的;religious宗教的。根据常识可知,语言属于文化范畴,所以人们对文
92、化态度的变化也会使语言受到威胁。50. A. foreignB. informalC. isolatedD. national【解析】选C。句意: 随着全球化的力量使世界联系更加紧密,偏远的语言社区面临着参与更大经济的压力,这意味着学习该地区的主要语言。foreign外国的;informal非正式的;isolated孤立的,偏远的;national国家的。根据空前的“As the forces of globalization make the world more interconnected”可知,全球化的力量使世界联系更加紧密,偏远的语言社区自然也要参与进来。51. A. For exa
93、mpleB. In contrastC. In responseD. Vice versa【解析】选C。句意: 作为回应,当地学校往往开始教授主要语言,而不是当地语言。For example例如;In contrast相比之下,相反;In response作为回应;Vice versa反之亦然。上文说随着全球化的力量使世界联系更加紧密,偏远的语言社区面临着参与更大经济的压力,所以作为对全球化带来的这种参与更大经济的压力的回应,当地学校开始教授主要语言,而不是当地语言。52. A. boomB. developC. disappearD. suffer【解析】选C。句意: 随着社区使用手机和电脑
94、,本地语言也消失了,因为这些电脑大多数运行的软件只被翻译成几种语言。boom繁荣,兴旺;develop发展;disappear消失;suffer遭受。根据空后提到的原因可知,手机和电脑的使用也加快了本地语言的消失。53. A. ceasesB. changesC. increasesD. starts【解析】选C。句意: 随着这些设备将用户连接到互联网,这一趋势越来越明显(进一步加剧)。ceases停止;changes改变;increases增加,加剧;starts开始。根据空后的“as these devices connect users to the Internet”可知,随着这些设备
95、将用户连接到互联网,本地语言消失的趋势进一步加剧了。54. A. toB. onC. inD. for【解析】选C。句意: 许多社区经历了文化上的转变,家长不再重视本地语言,不再把它教给他们的孩子。in cultural shifts,在文化转变的过程中。55. A. enrichB. purifyC. refreshD. standardize【解析】选C。句意: 近年来,恢复(拯救)濒危语言的倡议越来越多。enrich使丰富;purify净化;refresh使恢复;standardize使标准化。空后说这些努力往往集中在两个主要领域: 濒危语言的文献,以及努力增加使用濒危语言的年轻人和大多
96、数社区,这些是恢复濒危语言的举措。第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Tony and I are good friends. We tried to walk across the United States of America. Were not exactly sure why we were doing it. Part of 56. _ was to test ourselves; to see if we could face the challenges. When I was a teenag
97、er I often 57. (daydream) that I was going to walk across the United States after 58. (graduate) from high school. However, I didnt do that. Before I knew it I was 59. _ my thirties, married, yet still had this idea in my mind with each passing year. I figured I was too old and my opportunity 60. _
98、(pass). Then, a few years ago, I met Tony, 61. _ was in his thirties and quit his job as a civil engineer in New York City to walk across the United States. He wasnt doing it for a cause as part of an organization. He was doing it 62. _ (simple) because he loved to walk and discover. The idea was ba
99、ck and I no longer had an excuse. We planned on averaging 20 miles a day and taking some days off 63. _ (rest), so we expected the walk to take about 6 months realizing it could take 64. _ (long). We were in no hurry: The total 65. _(distant) would have been about 3,100 miles. 【语篇概述】儿时的朋友Tony和我曾经相约步
100、行穿越美国,但是到了成家立业之后,两人才实现这个梦想。56. 【解析】it。考查代词。此处it指代前面的梦想。57. 【解析】daydreamed。考查时态。由When I was a teenager可知此处应用一般过去时。58. 【解析】graduating。考查词形变化。此处位于介词after后应用动名词形式。59. 【解析】in。考查介词。in ones thirties,在某人三十多岁的时候,固定搭配。60. 【解析】had passed。考查时态。根据前面的figured可知,此处应用过去完成时。61. 【解析】who。考查关系词。空格处引导非限制性定语从句,指人。62. 【解析】
101、simply。考查副词。此处修饰后面的句子,应用副词形式。63. 【解析】to rest。考查非谓语动词。此处动词不定式to rest表目的。64. 【解析】longer。考查比较级。65. 【解析】distance。考查词形变化。此处应该用名词。第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)第一节(满分15分)为配合学校开展的垃圾分类工作,学生会向全校学生发出了“垃圾分类,从我做起”的倡议。请你代表学生会,用英语写一封倡议书,内容包括: 1. 垃圾分类的做法;2. 垃圾分类的益处;3. 呼吁全体学生一起参加。注意: 1. 词数80个左右;2. 开头已给出,不计入总词数。参考词汇: 垃圾分类garbag
102、e classification; 废旧电池 used batteriesDear fellow students,Our school has started a program of garbage classification. _【参考范文】Dear fellow students,Our school has started a program of garbage classification. Different kinds of garbage are required to be sorted out and placed in different dustbins. Pap
103、er can be recycled, while leftovers can be collected as food for pigs or processed as fertilizer for plants. Above all, harmful things such as plastics and used batteries should not be mixed with other wastes. The program is of great benefit. We will be able to save resources by making use of recycl
104、able garbage and harmful things which will not pollute our environment after special treatment. Lets work together for a better campus!Students Union第二节(满分25分)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。If you havent seen alpaca meat (羊驼肉) on the menu yet, chances are you soon will. It is rising in popularity; about
105、70 restaurants across Australia feature the meat in their dishes. Among them is Melbourne restaurant Pastuso, whose head chef appeared in a video by the Australian Alpaca Association to discuss how people have liked the dish. Alejandro Saravia, a Peruvian cook at Pastuso, described the taste as simi
106、lar to beef. “Alpaca meat has been very well enjoyed by the Australian public,” he said in the video. Famous cook Matt Moran, who owns some of Sydneys leading restaurants, wrote an article for The Daily Telegraph to discuss his experience of cooking alpaca meat. Moran said he had never tried the mea
107、t until he visited an alpaca farm, and described the flavor as “very tasty”, especially the meat from the neck. Alpaca meat has also starred in dishes at the Melbourne Food and Wine Festival, with The Age reporting in 2013 about 20 Australian restaurants served the meat, a number which has grown qui
108、ckly since. Melbourne restaurant San Telmos head cook Mike Patrick researched an alpaca dish, and said the response was mixed. “It was 50/50: some people said oh wow what are you cooking that for? No thank you and others thought this is really cool and something different and I want to have a try. T
109、he people who tried it loved it. Its a point of difference and people like that. ”In Australia alpacas are farmed mainly for their fur, but the Australian Alpaca Association website said farming alpacas for meat is a growing industry. Alpaca meat is a good source of protein with little saturated fat
110、 and cholesterol(胆固醇); it is also environmentally friendly when people feed them. Alpacas are able to stand dry conditions for longer than most other animals, and their soft feet cause little damage to the soil and ecosystem. _【参考范文】You may soon enjoy alpaca meat because it is becoming popular. (要点1
111、) More and more restaurants are serving it for its delicious taste, which is thought highly of by cooks. (要点2) About half people wanting to try it like its taste while others even refuse to try it. (要点3) Alpaca meat is rich in health-beneficial protein and raising alpacas does little harm to the environment and ecosystem, which leads to the development of the industry of feeding alpacas for meat. (要点4)
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