1、【XZB2019TBYLYYB05002】单元综合检测(二) Unit 2The environment(时间：100分钟；满分：120分).阅读理解(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)A(2019山东省邹城市第一中学高二上学期期中)Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new material that can move heat out of buildings and into space.The researchers say the material can cool buildings even on hot
2、days.The cooling material is a very thin sheet with many layers that could be placed on a roof like solar panels(板)However, instead of turning sunlight into energy as solar panels do, the material turns heat into infrared(红外线的)radiation.Shanhui Fan is an electrical engineering professor at Stanford
3、University.He says that the panels have a layer of material that is like sand.The panels act like a mirror.They take heat out of buildings and reflect the light from the sun.And he says both the heat and sunlight are sent 100 kilometers into outer space.Its a structure that cools itself without elec
4、tricity input, even under the sun.So, what it does is basically radiate heat to outer space and also reflect the sunlight so it doesnt get heated up by the sun.Mr.Fan says it is like having a window into space.The heat is sent directly into space without increasing the air temperature.He says buildi
5、ngs in developing countries that do not have electricity or air conditioning could use the panels.“In areas where electricity is out of reach for many people, there is a potential benefit for storing medicine or even food.In many of these situations, being able to reduce the temperature is important
6、.And this would provide a way to do it.”The researchers say the main problem is creating actual cooling systems using the hightech panels.They say it may be possible to develop a cooling spray(喷涂)that could be used on present solid structures.They believe the cooling spray technology could be develo
7、ped in the next three to five years.They say as much as 15 percent of the energy used in the United States is spent providing power to air conditioning systems.1What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?ALiving on hot days is no longer a big problem now.BResearchers are developing new solar panels on roo
8、fs.CA new material is created to cool the buildings.DThe new material is a very thin sheet with many layers.2According to Paragraph 2, how does the panel work?AIt takes in the heat and cools it down.BIt uses a mirror to reflect the sunlight.CIt has a window to let out the heat.DIt sends heat away ri
9、ght into space.3Which of the following can best describe the advantage of the new panel?AConvenient but impractical.BEcofriendly and energysaving.CEffective but expensive.DCreative and cheap.BThe earth is dying before us yet we sit and watch.If the TV or the game system breaks，we run off to the stor
10、es to get it fixed immediately no matter what the cost is.Why arent we willing to fix our earth? Are our televisions and game systems more important to us than where we live? Where shall we continue to live，until the end of time?The earth is our home and cannot be replaced.We must take care of it.We
11、 have come up with so much technology that limits us instead of helping us.Take that game system we run to repair.What does it do? It occupies kids time! The earth has already given kids plenty of entertainment in the forms of fields and hills，forests and plains，water and land.However，instead of usi
12、ng what the earth has given us，and helping kids by giving them exercise as they run around，we decide to ruin kids minds with game systems that glue them to the screen for hours，and make them ignore their homework and chores.We have polluted this earth by making these things which do not even help in
13、 any way!We have already messed up this world，we have ruined the air，water，and animals that it has so willingly provided for us.We need to stop this destruction of life and bring back the world we had before.It will not be easy，but everybody can help! What about something as simple as turning the li
14、ghts off when you leave a room? Recycling what can be recycled? Picking up litter? Donating money to an environmental organization? None of these things are very hard.We cant just always say，“Oh，the earth is a mess.Ah，well，those big companies that are polluting so much can stop and fix it.” Instead，
15、we need to help out.Its not only those big companies; its everyday things that we do too that are ruining the earth.So stop and think about what you can do to make a difference to our world!4Why does the author mention televisions and game systems in Paragraph 1?ATo make people better aware of the u
16、rgency to the protection of the earth.BTo explore the great harm done to the earth by too much technology waste.CTo show the relationship between overuse of those things with early death.DTo remind people to spend less on them and use the saved money in a wiser way.5We can clearly feel that the auth
17、or wrote this passage with deep AangerBemotionCsadnessDregret6What is the main purpose of the passage?ATo criticize those big companies that ruin the earth.BTo ask people to save kids from the harm done by pollution.CTo give kids plenty of entertainment in a clean environment.DTo call on people to s
18、top ruining the earth.C(2019陕西省安康市高二上学期期中)The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth, is of great importance to African ecosystem (生态系统)Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment.As a big planteater, it largely shapes the fore
19、standsavanna(大草原) surroundings in which it lives, therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat(栖息地)It is the elephants great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat.In its continuous searc
20、h for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees and underbushes, and pulls branches off big trees.This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas.In these open spaces are numerous plants in va
21、rious stages of growth that attract a variety of other planteaters.Take the rain forests for example.In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor.By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, all
22、owing new plants to grow on the forest floor.In such situations, the forests become suitable for large hoofed planteaters to move around and for small planteaters to get their food as well.What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species.If the elephant disap
23、pears, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.7What is the passage mainly about?ADisappearance of African elephants.BForests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.CThe effect of African
24、 elephants search for food.DThe eating habit of African elephants.8What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” most probably mean?AFixing the time.BWorsening the state.CImproving the quality.DDeciding the conditions.9What do we know about the open spaces in the passage?AThey result from the
25、destruction of rain forests.BThey provide food mainly for African elephants.CThey are home to many endangered animals.DThey are attractive to planteating animals of different kinds.10The passage is developed mainly by Ashowing the effect and then explaining the causesBpointing out similarities and d
26、ifferencesCdescribing the changes in space orderDgiving examples.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)How can we all get more laughter into our lives? Here is what the experts suggest： 11 Nancy Alguire，a teacher in Clifton Park，N.Y.，was once painfully shy and had a hard time laughing.Then she married a circus clo
27、wn (小丑)“I became interested in the clowns，” she recalls “One day I put on a costume and paint my face.That afternoon my whole life changed.I learned to laugh and enjoy life in a way I had never done before.” 12 To this day，she still makes it a rule to be with people who enjoy life and laughing. 13 I
28、t doesnt take you too much time and can be easy.Collect favorite cartoons and jokes.Also，keep a paper for writing down humor you find in everyday life.“Good ideas come and go fast，you have to capture them quickly or they are gone，” says Virginia Tooper.Laugh when you need it most.“ 14 ” says comedia
29、n Bill Cosby.“And once you find laughter，no matter how painful your situation might be，you can survive it，” he insists.Gray Alan，a sociology professor at the University of Minnesota，claims that laughter is a skill we can all gainbecause it comes naturally. 15 Just remember: we are just here for a pe
30、riod，so get a few laughs.AYou can soften the worst blows through humor.BMix with people who laugh.CPractise the art of laughing.DKeep a laughter file.EHe who laughs last laughs best.FBut its also something that has to be developed.GPeoples joy can affect those around them.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)“T
31、heres nothing I can do，”the eye doctor told my parents.“Take your baby home.Shes 16 .”Mom cried.“Ill give her a full，happy life，”Dad 17 As I grew，my parents realized I could see 18 .One day after school，my dad saw me holding Dick and Jane close to my eyes， 19 to read the letters.“Dad，I cant do this.
32、Its too 20 .”I said.“Honey，youre not a quitter.Ill help you.”He painstakingly drew 21 big enough for me to see and then pronounced them.I learned to read after my father and eventually read Dick and Jane 22 with my classmates.Because of my dad，I had 23 in myself as a readeruntil middle school.One af
33、ternoon a student 24 me，“You blind bat.If you get your face any nearer to that page，your eyes will fall out of your head！”I ran out of the school in 25 Dad was home when I burst in.“I thought I was a good 26 ，but the kids are making fun of me.”Dad hugged me.“Im sorry，Pam.But that doesnt change the 2
34、7 You can read and your classmates cant take that away from you，right？” 28 to speak，I just nodded.After Dads 29 ，the knot(结)in my stomach went away.Dad taught me to laugh at myself.He reminded me of the time I tried to 30 a sign painted to the floor.Another time，I 31 to eat flowers off an empty plat
35、e.When I was ten，I wanted to ride a twowheeled bike.I heard Dad say to Mom，“Im not going to hold Pam back from the 32 any kid has.”On my first attempt，I said，“Dad，what if I fall off？”His 33 was，“Youll get on and try again.” 34 ，I learned to skate，climb trees，and so on.I wouldnt be who I am today if
36、it werent for my dad.He made the 35 for me to believe in myself.16AfineBblindCcrazyDdeaf17AsworeBexplainedCadmittedDordered18AimmediatelyBseparatelyCpartlyDclearly19ApretendingBstrugglingCofferingDdeciding20AabsurdBboringCabstractDhard21AcirclesBpicturesClettersDlines22AproudlyBsecretlyCunwillinglyD
37、noisily23AinterestBconfidenceCdoubtDdisappointment24AbetrayedBgreetedCscoldedDteased25AragsBsurpriseCtearsDterror26AreaderBmemberCdaughterDlistener27AstyleBwayChappinessDtruth28AEagerBAfraidCUnableDPleased29AencouragementBpraiseCrewardDconclusion30Alook forBpick upCtake outDthrow away31ArefusedBmana
38、gedCforgotDattempted32AexamplesBadventuresCconcernsDchanges33AcommentBchoiceCreplyDidea34AAfterwardsBOtherwiseCBackwardsDInstead35AdecisionBprogressCsceneDdifference.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)(2019吉林省吉化第一高级中学校高二上学期期末)You may like at least some kind of music.But the problem is that, in lots of places,
39、 youre made 36._ (hear) somebody elses choice of music.Say youve just landed at an airport, where the background (背景) music may be played loudly.When you are 37._ the way to your hotel, there may be another kind of music 38._ (switch) on by the taxi driver.Then you go out to dinner and end up in a r
40、estaurant, 39._ owner thinks music will help make you eat more and spend more.Then a person 40._(play) the violin comes around.This is called the “music wallpaper” and 41._(it) purpose is to make you consume more.In a word, you find it hard to find a quiet public place without music.Noise pollution
41、may be 42._ (harm) to our hearing.Its also bad for some of our daily 43._ (activity)The fact 44._ you cant see, taste or smell noise may help explain why it has not received as much attention as other kinds of pollution, such as air pollution or water pollution.Many of us fail to realize we 45._ (su
42、rround) by too much noise.As a result, harm is done to our health without us being aware of it.写作(满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)假设你是学校学生会的一员，为了拥有一个更美好的校园，你发出了全员环保的倡议，并制作了如下图的海报。请根据海报内容及以下要点写一份倡议书(词数80左右)。1环保是我们中学生义不容辞的责任；2我们应该养成这些环保习惯；3让我们人人都为地球母亲尽一份绵薄之力吧！ 第二节读后续写(满分25分)阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。It was t
43、he late 1930s，and things were tough.Mum had a hard time raising us on her own in our small community of New Westminster，BC.My dad had drowned in Pitt Lake，five years ago.Looking back，I realize what Mum went though sending us kids to school.Every morning she would tuck a new piece of cardboard in our
44、 shoes，because our soles(鞋底) were worn out.When we got home，Mum would have“French toast”ready for us.Constant moving was typical for my family in those times.Rent was 25 dollars a month，but Mum couldnt pay it，and we knew we would be evicted right after Christmas on the first of January.Christmas was
45、 approaching，and we were entitled to a twentyfivedollar Christmas fund from social servicesThe inspector came to our house，and searched it from top to bottom to be sure we didnt have any food hidden away.When he didnt find any，he issued the cheque to Mum.Mum said that instead of buying food，she woul
46、d use the 25 dollars to pay back rent，assuring us all of a roof over our heads for a little while longer.She told us then there would be nothing for Christmas.Unknown to Mum，I had been selling Christmas tree，shoveling snow，and doing odd jobs to earn enough money to buy a new pair of bootsBoots that
47、werent patched，boots with no cardboard in the soles.I knew exactly which boots I wanted.They were teninch Top Genuine Pierre Paris and they had a price of 23 dollars.Well，the big day came on the afternoon of Christmas Eve.I was excited，as I hurried up the road to the shoe store，but on the way I noti
48、ced a house with Christmas lights and decorationsIt was then I realized at our house，we had no lights，no decorations，nor any money for Christmas goodies.I knew that we would have no turkey or ham for Christmas，and I felt sad.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1：As I continued walking I began to reconsider my plan. Paragraph 2：With great excitement and tears in my eyes，I knocked on the door.