1、单元素养评估(五)(时间：120分钟满分：150分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1What is the weather be like this afternoon?ASunny.BWindy.CRainy.2What is the weather usually like in May?AIts colder and rainier. BIts co
2、oler and drier. CIts hotter and sunnier.3Why did so many old people die last month?AIt was too hot. BIt was too cold. CThey were too old.4What will the weather in Arizona be like in the coming week?ARainy. BWarm. CA bit cold.5Whats the time now?A8：30. B8：00. C9：00.第二节(共15小题； 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或
3、独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6What season is it now?ASummer. BWinter. CAutumn.7What does the man think the weather will be like this weekend?AHe thinks itll rain. BHe doesnt think itll rain. CHe thinks i
4、tll be cloudy.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8What season is it most likely now?ASummer. BAutumn. CSpring.9Why did the woman come here?ATo visit John. BTo teach skating. CTo attend a wedding.10Where does the man work now?AAt Bank of America. BAt the radio station. CIn Chicago.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11Where does this con
5、versation take place?AOver the telephone. BIn the womans home. CAt an insurance company.12Why does the man talk to the woman?ATo make a damage report. BTo help her rebuild her house. CTo show honesty in his business.13How many points were destroyed by the storm?AThree. BFour. CFive.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
6、14What did the woman do last weekend?AShe went to the beach. BShe visited her parents. CShe had a trip to the countryside.15Why did the woman come home so soon?AShe was tired. BShe caught a cold. CShe had school work to do.16What was the weather like at the weekend?ACloudy. BSunny. CRainy.听第10段材料，回答
7、第17至20题。17How often do most places have earthquakes?AFrequently. BSeldom. CRegularly.18Which earthquake is the most talked about in the United States?AThe one in Alabama. BThe one in Alaska. CThe one in San Francisco.19Why do earthquakes worry people so much?ABecause they cant be predicted.BBecause
8、they happen very often.CBecause they kill more people than other disasters do.20What natural disaster hit Pakistan in 1970?AA flood and storm. BA cyclone and tidal. CA typhoon.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMany of the worlds most successful people were o
9、nce failures. Here are the stories of a few of them.Abraham Lincoln (18091865)Abraham Lincoln was one of Americas greatest leaders, taking the country through the Civil War (from 1860 to 1865). However, his life was never easy. He started numerous businesses that failed, he went bankrupt twice, and
10、was defeated in 26 campaigns for public office. He later said, “My great concern is not whether you have failed, but whether you are content and satisfied with your failure.” Vincent Van Gogh (18531890) Van Gogh was one of the most famous and influential painters in the history of Western Art. Hes f
11、amous for paintings such as The Starry Night, The potato Eaters and Sunflowers. However, during his lifetime, Van Gogh sold only one painting for a very small amount of money. Despite this, he carried on painting, sometimes even going without food so he could complete his collection of over 800 know
12、n works. Albert Einstein (18791955) Albert Einstein won the Noble Prize in Physics in 1921. However, he wasnt always considered a genius. He didnt speak until he was four, and couldnt read until he was seven. His teachers and parents thought he was slow, so he was expelled from school and couldnt ge
13、t into the Zurich Polytechnic School. He later famously said, “Success is failure in progress.” Stephen King (19472018) Stephen King was one of the bestselling authors of all time, but his first book, Carrie, was rejected by about 30 publishers. Finally, Stephen threw it into the bin, but his wife f
14、ished it out and encouraged him to resubmit it, which he did and succeeded this time!21Who became famous all over the world after his death?AAlbert Einstein. BVincent Van Gogh.CAbraham Lincoln. DStephen King.22What was the most likely reason for Albert Einsteins dropping out of school?AHe didnt want
15、 to learn. BHe couldnt speak or read.CHis teachers thought he was stupid. DHe didnt obey the school rules.23What do these people have in common?AThey were all Americans.BThey are known for their writings.CThey were born in the same century.DThey all suffered failure before they succeeded.B Four days
16、 before Christmas in 1968, Frank Borman, James Lovell and William Anders had an adventure out to the moon, becoming the first human beings to near and orbit our closest neighbour in space. On Christmas Eve, they pointed a TV camera out of the window of Apollo 8 and showed a global audience of 1 bill
17、ion the ancient moon moving slowly below their spaceship. As that movie played, Anders began reading, “In the beginning, God created the heaven and the earth.” “I didnt choose it，” he said last October, when all three astronauts met to mark the 50th anniversary of their moon flight, at Chicagos Muse
18、um of Science and Industry, where their spaceship is displayed. When the three men returned to earth on December 27, they were surrounded by a sea of joy. That kind of collective joyborn of collective effortcan seem beyond us now. From the factory floor to the three men in the spaceship, an estimate
19、d (估计) 400,000 people had a hand in making the moon flight possible. Behind the joy there was also a dark danger Apollo 8 might face. If the astronauts made it into the moon orbit but their engine failed to fire when it was time to return, rescue would be impossible. They would circle the moon forev
20、er. But the astronauts did come home, and in the process they gave the world another gift: the celebrated photograph that came to be known as Earthrise. Even fifty years later, Borman and Lovell continued to play jokes on Anders, 85 then.“Im still trying to figure out who did it，” said Borman, with
21、a wink (眨眼睛) “You did it, I think，” Lovell answered. “William did it，” Borman admits.“He didnt want me to take it at first，” Anders said. “I have never said it before publicly，” said Borman, “but Im just proud that I was able to fly with these two talented guys. You did a really good job. ”24The men
22、 pointed a camera out of the window of Apollo 8_.Ato show the moon to the worldBto read some sentences to the audienceCto do some research into the ancient moonDto record what they were doing in the spacecraft25What danger might the Apollo 8 astronauts face?ATheir engine might explode in the orbit.B
23、They wouldnt land on the moon successfully.CThey might have no chance to return to the earth.DTheir spaceship might catch fire in the returning journey.26How old was William Anders when he went into space in Apollo 8?A27. B30. C35. D50.27What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?ATh
24、e flight. BThe earth. CThe reading. DThe picture.CFor the first time, Chinas South Pole researchers can eat fresh vegetables grown regularly, according to Wang Zheng, the grower, who came home last month after a 400day mission in Antarctica. “Growing vegetables in Antarctica reminded me of The Marti
25、an, a scifi movie about an astronaut who survives alone on the Mars by eating potatoes he grows there，” Wang said on Friday. “I totally understand the main character of the movie. I understand how he feels when he watches a small green plant grow in a fragile manmade environment，” said the 40yearold
26、 doctor. But he admitted that the conditions he faced in the Antarctic were much better than those in the film. Wang said the growth chamber (生长室) at the Zhongshan Station, had only a low yield when it was established in 2013. The amount was too small to make it possible for researchers to have vege
27、table dishes. To increase the yield, he reduced the number of vegetable varieties and focused on only some fastgrowing ones, which makes the output stable. As a result, during much of his stay there, at least one vegetable dish, such as cucumbers, lettuce or cabbage, was served at every meal for a g
28、roup of 18 researchers. Wang, an orthopedist, said he knew nothing about botany or farming before he arrived at the station in December, 2014.“I was given this job probably because my office is next to the growth chamber, and as a doctor, I had more spare time than others，” Wang said. He considered
29、many factors, such as light, temperature and humidity. Light music is played in the 16squaremeter greenhouse around the clock. “Mild music is good for vegetable growth，” he said. “We also played Buddhist music, which has soft melody.” “Growers before me did very good work. My job was to maintain the
30、 chamber and keep everything working.” Before the harvest, researchers had a very limited vegetable supplymostly potatoes and cabbage, which taste awful after months of storage. “Because of our success in growing vegetables, we can have fresh vegetables every day，” he said. “The Russian station is n
31、o more than one kilometer away from ours. We even had enough vegetables to invite our Russian colleagues for dinner. ”28About Wang Zheng, which of the following is TRUE according to the text?ABefore Wang Zheng, researchers in South Pole have no vegetables to eat.BHe stayed in Antarctica for more tha
32、n a year before he came back home.CHis idea of growing vegetables in Antarctica comes from an astronaut.DHe was sent to breed vegetables because he is an expert in it.29What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 probably mean?AWetness. BPersonality. CSoil. DHeat.30Which of the following factors is
33、 not necessary for vegetable growth?ALight. BTemperature. CHumidity. DMild music.31What can we know according to the last paragraph?AThe former growers did not do as well as Wang did.BChinese and Russian researchers get on well with each other.CCabbage and potatoes are not suitable for cooking.DThe
34、Russian station is far away from the Chinese station.DWhen she first started learning about the climate change from one of her elders, Fawn Sharp was invited on a helicopter flight over the Olympic Mountains to survey the Mount Anderson glacier. But the glacier was gone, melted by the warming climat
35、e. Sharp had a deep sense of loss when she discovered the glacier wasnt there anymore.Loss is a growing issue for people working and living on the front lines of climate change. And that gave Jennifer Wren Atkinson, a fulltime lecturer at the University of Washington Bothell, US, an idea for a class
36、.This term, she taught students on the Bothell campus about the emotional burdens of environmental studies. She used the experiences of Native American tribes(部落), scientists and activists, and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fixthat “this is such an intractable probl
37、em that theyre going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives.”Student Cody Dillon used to be a climate science skeptic(怀疑论者). Then he did his own reading and research, and changed his mind.Dillon wasnt going into environmental workhe was a computerscience major. Yet, the potential for a wo
38、rldwide environmental catastrophe seemed so real to him five years ago that he quit his job and became a fulltime volunteer for an environmental group that worked on restoration(恢复) projects.Six months into the work, he decided that Atkinsons class was just what he was looking fora place where he co
39、uld discuss his concerns about a changing climate.Atkinson said she hopes the class helped her students prepare themselves for the amount of environmental loss that will happen over their lifetimes.“We are already changing the planetso many species are going to be lost, displaced or massively impact
40、ed，” she said. “The future isnt going to be what they imagined.”32Why did the author mention the case of Fawn Sharp?ATo lay a basis for Fawn Sharps further research.BTo prove Fawn Sharps work is similar to Atkinsons.CTo lead into the issue of loss caused by climate change.DTo show scientists concern
41、 about the Mount Anderson glacier.33Whats the main purpose of Atkinsons class?ATo explore how different people deal with climate change.BTo get students more concerned about the environmental issue.CTo find solutions to the environmental issue of Olympic Mountains.DTo teach students how to conduct r
42、esearch about environment.34Which of the following best explains “intractable” underlined in Paragraph Three?ASimple. BDifficult. CCommon. DInteresting.35How did Atkinsons class influence Dillon?AIt made him work as a parttime volunteer for restoration projects.BIt made him realize a planetwide clim
43、ate disaster would happen.CIt encouraged him to be more involved in environmental protection.DIt discouraged him to work on restoration projects for the environment.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Concern about extinction the permanent loss of a speciesmotivates a
44、 wide variety of people to take action to protect animal species at risk of dying out. Animal protection and animal rights are familiar themes associated with the field of environmental activism. Certainly, endangered animals suffer no lack of support. _36_ Surprisingly, some of the most endangered
45、plants are species that, up until recently, were used by humans as necessary food crops. _37_ In order to maximize productivity, farmers have chosen to focus on a handful of high yield crops that can be harvested efficiently. At one time, the number of plant species used by humans to meet their nutr
46、itional requirements numbered above 7, 000. Now, it is around 150. Some experts even claim that humans actually rely on merely twelve species of plants for most of their food.A single food crop generally contains several species, which may be further divided into hundreds of varieties, but these var
47、ieties are quickly disappearing. _38_Eighty percent of the corn varieties grown in Mexico in 1930 have disappeared. Ninety percent of the 10, 000 wheat varieties cultivated in China in 1949 are no longer used._39_ Crop diversity is a factor that ensures the continuation of certain beneficial natural
48、 processes in ecosystemsthe cycling of nutrients, management of pests, and maintenance of water quality._40_ Clearly, there is an urgent need to preserve the plants irreplaceable crop diversity before it is lost altogether.AYou probably want to know the exact approach to protecting endangered plants
49、.BAlso, crop diversity provides the necessary gene pool to supply crops with a variety of traits (特点)CThreatened by current shortsighted farming techniques, crop diversity has shrunk dramatically.DHowever, endangered plants are defended by few.EExamples of losses in crop diversity have been recorded
50、 worldwide.FThe permanent loss of plant species represents a huge threat to humanity.GThanks to modern farming techniques, many countries have taken measures to protect them.117118119120第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One morning, I was jogging and I
51、 noticed a person in front of me about 1/4 mile. I could _41_ that he was running a little slower than me and I thought, “Very well, I shall try to _42_ him.” I had about a mile to go _43_ I needed to turn off, so I started running faster and faster. Every block, I was _44_getting closer to him just
52、 a little bit. Just a few minutes later, I was only about 100 yards from him, so I really sped up, _45_I was running the last lap of London Olympic competition. I was determined to keep up with him. Finally, I did _46_ it! I caught and passed him. I really felt good, “I_47_him.” Of course, he didnt
53、ever know we were racing. After passing him, I realised I had been so focused on competing against him that I had _48_my turn. I had gone nearly six blocks past it. I had to turn around and go back. Isnt it what happens in our _49_when we focus on competing with classmates, coworkers, neighbours, fr
54、iends, family, trying to outdo (胜过) them or trying to _50_ that we are more important or more successful? In reality, we spend our time and _51_running after other people and we miss out on our own paths to our given destinies(命运). The _52_ with unhealthy competition is that its a never ending cycle
55、. There will always be somebody ahead of you, someone with _53_ grades or a more satisfying job, more education, a nicer car, more money in the bank, etc. But be _54_that we can be the best. We are competing with no one. Take what we have been _55_， the height, weight and personality. We should feel
56、 lucky with them and stay focused and live a healthy life.41A.forget Btell Cadmit Dargue42A.fool Bwarn Ccatch Dencourage43A.before Bbecause Conce Dalthough44A.secretly Bfinally Cpossibly Dgradually45A.ignoring Bdoubting Cthinking Dannouncing46A.find Bremember Cmake Dcontrol47A.beat Bhit Cmeet Ddefen
57、d48A.took Bchanged Cvalued Dmissed49A.life Bplan Cmind Ddream50A.promise Bexplain Cprove Dpredict51A.energy Bdream Cwealth Dhealth52A.problem Bpossibility Crequirement Dinfluence53A.lower Bbetter Cfurther Ddeeper54A.satisfied Bafraid Cconfident Dcurious55A.given Bprovided Ctaken Dused第二节(共10小题；每小题1.
58、5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Rainforests are thick forests in the hot parts of the world. They have a great effect56._the world environment. For example, they play57._part in controlling the climate. Without58._(they), climate would change a lot. Whats more, many plants are of 59._(impo
59、rtant) in medical value. However, in the past hundred years, humans60._(begin) destroying rainforests to search for land and wood.The 61._(hard) we harvest from them, the more carbon dioxide is released into the air，62._affects the climate, environment and ourselves as a whole. Meanwhile, we are los
60、ing the opportunity 63._(explore) the medical use of the plants. With the population growing64._(rapid), we indeed have an increasing need for65._ (resource), but we will suffer more in the end if we keep on doing so.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)假定你是某中学学生李华，在你们班级留学的美国学生Bill无法适应这里的学习与生活，感到苦闷，他写信向你
61、求助。请你用英文给他写一封回信。内容如下： 1.深表同情； 2.提出建议并给出理由(至少三条建议，如：参加学校社团活动，与朋友交流，做些户外活动等)； 3.希望建议能有所帮助。注意： 1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Bill， I am sorry to know you are having trouble with your life and study here._Hope my advice can help you.Yours，Li Hua第二节读后续写(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使
62、之构成一篇完整的短文。Steve was the most amazing person in all of Minneapolis, and he was my cousin. At the age of 19, Steve was a star baseball player at the University of Minnesota. I wanted to be exactly like him. So when Steve asked me to go with him on a spring fishing trip in northern Minnesota, I was ex
63、cited !After planning the trip, we gathered clothes and supplies, and began our great adventure. We reached the Superior National Forest in northern Minnesota by early evening. On our way to the campsite, Steve pointed to a small house faraway in one of the mountains, saying that it was the ranger s
64、tation (护林站) where the forester worked. Finally, after a long walk, we reached the campsite and set up the camp as the sun was setting. Steve knew all the tricks of an experienced wilderness camper. After we gathered enough wood from the forest, he started the campfire using only stone and steelno m
65、atches. For supper we feasted on freeze dried beef, wild rice and pea soup. I ate greedily after all that work. Tired enough, we climbed into our sleeping bags early and talked about our plans for fishing the next day. We were still talking quietly when a sudden north wind picked up; the temperature
66、 dropped and it began to snow. Steve found a way to increase the temperature inside the tent. He dragged a log from the forest to the opposite side of the campfire. Then he wrapped aluminum foil(铝箔) around the log. The heat from the fire was reflected by the foil and went into the tent. Soon images
67、of lake fish were filling my dreams. The snow had stopped, but sometime later a powerful wind must have kicked up the flames of our dying fire. I was suddenly awakened by Steve. Our tent was on fire. Frightened, I ran out of the tent immediately. The tent collapsed (倒塌) with Steve inside. Without an
68、y thought of endangering myself, I reached into the burning tent and pulled him to the icy lake. Fortunately, we were not seriously hurt.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式作答。Later, as we stood by the burning tent to keep warm, we considered our difficult situation._Suddenly, we heard a noise in the forest._单元
69、素养评估(五)第一部分听力材料：Text 1W: Jimmy，take this umbrella with you.M: Why？Its a fine day，isnt it?W: Yes，but the weatherman said its going to rain this afternoon.Text 2W: What a hot day! Do you always have weather like this in May?M: Generally its much better than this.And I cant remember when we had such a
70、rainy day.Text 3W: The temperature has reached 31 below zero.I cant bear it.M: Neither can IThe newspaper says many people died last month，and 71 percent of them were over 65.Text 4W: Good morning，can I help you?M: Yes，Id like to know something about the weather in Arizona in the coming week.W: Well
71、，it will be fairly hot and there will be much rain.M: I see.Thanks very much for your help.Text 5M: Hello.W: Hello.Can I help you?M: Yes，I want to know why theres no electricity.W: Sorry，sir.Theres been a power cut.M: Well，when will it come on again?W: Its usually off for about half an hour，so we ex
72、pect it back at eight thirty.Text 6M: Its a beautiful day，isnt it?W: Yes，nice and sunny.M: Its much better than last week.It was too warm then.W: Im glad summer is over.I like autumn best.M: So do IIts neither too hot nor too cold.The sky is clear and blue.W: Its a good time to have a picnic.Do you
73、want to have one this weekend?M: Id love to，but I think its going to rain.The weatherman said it will.W: I dont think hes right.It hasnt rained for a week.M: But he is usually right in his weather news.W: Im sure well have fine weather for our picnic.Text 7M: Lovely day，isnt it?W: Mmm，yes，its really
74、 warm.And its supposed to get warmer.M: Yes，thats true.You know，though，Im always a little sorry to see winter go.W: Really?M: Well，I love skating.In fact，I used to teach skating for living.W: Oh？That sounds interesting.But what do you do now?M: I work at Bank of America.How about you?W: Im with the
75、radio station.M: Here?W: No，Im from Chicago.Im just visiting here for the wedding.M: Oh，I see.W: By the way，I guess I should introduce myself.Im Kate Green.M: Nice to meet you.My name is John Smith.Text 8M: Hello，Mrs. Miles.Im from Sun Insurance.Im visiting quite a few homes in this area actually.Th
76、e storm did a lot of damage.W: Well，youve been quick.I only phoned two days ago.M: I know.Well，lets start here at the front，shall we？Um，youve got a lot of tiles missing off the roof.W: Yes.The chimney was damaged as well.M: Oh，yes.Some of the bricks have blown off.Anything else?W: Um，you can see the
77、 bedroom window on the left was destroyed.Ive just put some boards over it.M: OK.Lets walk round to the back.W: Here we are.M: Goodness，that trees fallen down right onto the fence!W: Yes.Its a real pity.That was a lovely tree.The shed roof was damaged too，Im afraid.M: I see.Ive got all that.Ill writ
78、e up my report and well let you have a check as soon as possible.Text 9M: Hey Karen，it looks like youve got some sun this weekend.W: Yeah，I guess so.I spent the weekend at the beach.M: Oh，yeah，thats great.Where did you stay?W: Some friends of my parents live out there and they invited me for as long
79、 as I wanted to stay.M: So what are you doing back here already?W: Oh，I have a paper to work on，and I just couldnt do any serious studying at the beach.M: I dont blame you.So what did you do out there？I mean besides lying out in the sun.W: I ran slowly up and down the beach，and I played some volleyb
80、all.You know I never realized how hard it is to run on sand.I couldnt even get through a whole game before I had to sit down.M: Did you go swimming?W: I wanted to，but they said the water isnt warm enough for that until a couple of months from now.M: It all sounds nice.I wish I could get away to the
81、beach like that.Text 10Earthquakes are something that most people fear.There are some places which have few or no earthquakes.Most places in the world，however，have them regularly.Some places，like Iran and Guatemala have them regularly.Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mounta
82、inous.The most talked about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906.Over 500 people died in it.The strongest one in North America was in 1964.It happened in Alaska.Earthquakes are not the only acts of nature that people fear.Floods and tidal waves also cause people to be afraid.
83、So do bad storms like typhoons and cyclones.Sometimes these things cause lots of deaths.In 1970，cyclone and tidal wave killed over 200,000 in Pakistan.These kinds of things made people afraid and they are very dangerous. But they do not worry people as much as earthquakes，especially in the modern ti
84、mes.The reason is that we often know they are coming，we have some warning.So far，however，no sure way is known to predict an earthquake.When one comes，it is a surprise.People cannot prepare for it.答案：15CCBAB610CACCA1115BACAC1620BCCAB第二部分第一节A【语篇解读】这篇文章主要讲了世界上的许多人在成功之前都遭遇了失败，并且为我们列举了几个非常有名的人物。21答案与解析：B
85、推理判断题。由“However, during his lifetime, Van Gogh sold only one painting for a very small amount of money.”可推断出梵高是在去世之后才闻名于全世界的，故选B。22答案与解析：C推理判断题。由“His teachers and parents thought he was slow, so he was expelled from school and couldnt get into the Zurich Polytechnic School.”可推断出爱因斯坦退学，最可能的原因就是老师认为他很
86、笨，故选C。23答案与解析：D推理判断题。由“Many of the worlds most successful people were once failures. Here are the stories of a few of them.”可推断出这些人的共同之处在于他们在成功之前都遭遇了失败，故选D。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了1968年圣诞节的前四天，弗兰克博尔曼、詹姆斯洛弗尔和威廉安德斯冒险前往月球，成为第一批靠近月球并绕其轨道飞行的人类。在这个过程中，他们还给了世界另一份礼物：一张后来被称为“地出”的著名的照片。24答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第一段中的On
87、 Christmas Eve，they pointed a TV camera out of the window of Apollo 8 and showed a global audience of 1 billion the ancient moon moving slowly below their spaceship.(在圣诞节前夜，他们将一台电视摄像机对准“阿波罗8号”的窗外，向全球10亿观众展示了这颗古老的月球在他们的宇宙飞船下方缓慢移动)可知，这个人把一台电视摄像机对准“阿波罗8号”的窗外，是为了向世界展示月球，故选A项。25答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据第三段中的If the
88、 astronauts made it into the moon orbit but their engine failed to fire when it was time to return, rescue would be impossible. They would circle the moon forever.可推断出，“阿波罗8号”宇航员面临的危险是他们可能没有机会返回地球，故选C项。26答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第四段Even fifty years later，Borman and Lovell continued to play jokes on Anders,85
89、then.(即使在五十年后，博尔曼和洛弗尔仍然继续拿当时85岁的安德斯开玩笑)可知，威廉安德斯乘“阿波罗8号”进入太空时的年龄是：8550 35。故选C项。 27答案与解析：D词义猜测题：根据上文But the astronauts did come home，and in the process they gave the world another gift: the celebrated photograph that came to be known as Earthrise.(但宇航员们确实回家了，在这个过程中，他们给了世界另一份礼物：那张后来被称为“地出”的著名的照片)可推断出“i
90、t”指代的是上文的“photograph”，故选D项。C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了中国南极研究人员自己培育出新鲜蔬菜的事。28答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第一段“.according to Wang Zheng，the grower, who came home last month after a 400day mission in Antarctica，”可知，种植者王征在南极洲执行了400天的任务。由此可知，B选项“他在南极洲待了一年多才回家”的描述正确，故选B。29答案与解析：A词义猜测题。根据第四段第三句“He considered many factors, su
91、ch as light，temperature and humidity.”可知，他考虑了许多因素，如光线、温度和湿度。由此可知，划线词意为“湿度”。故选A。30答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第二句“Mild music is good for vegetable growth，he said.”可知，柔和的音乐有利于蔬菜的生长。由此推断“柔和的音乐”是有利条件，而不是必需条件，故选D。31答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The Russian station is no more than one kilometer away from ours. We even ha
92、d enough vegetables to invite our Russian colleagues for dinner.(俄罗斯站离我们不超过一公里。我们甚至有足够的蔬菜邀请我们的俄罗斯同事共进晚餐)”可知，中国的研究人员和俄罗斯的研究人员相处得很好，故选B。D【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。Fawn Sharp通过一次搭乘直升机飞行的经历认识到了冰川融化和环境污染问题的严重性，同时Jennifer Wren Atkinson决定给学生开设课程，教学生如何面对环境污染，她的课程让很多学生关注环境问题。32答案与解析：C考查推理判断。通读第一段可知，Fawn Sharp在一次直升机飞行
93、中意识到气候变化导致了冰川融化；由此可推知，作者在第一段中提及Fawn Sharp的例子是为了引出下文气候变化导致环境问题的话题，故选C。33答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fixthat this is such an intractable problem that theyre going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives.”可知，她让她的24个学生面对这个事实没有简单的解决方
94、法，这是一个很难解决的问题，学生们将用他们的余生来解决这个问题。由此可知，Atkinson的课的目的是让学生更加关注环境问题，故选B。34答案与解析：B考查词义猜测。根据上文可知，Atkinson用美洲土著部落、科学家以及积极分子们的经历让她的24个学生面对这个事实没有简单的解决方法，并结合该句“this is such an intractable problem that theyre going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives”可知，这是一个如此困难的问题以至于学生们要用他们的余生来解决它，故选B。35答案与解析：C考查
95、推理判断。根据倒数第三段“Six months into the work.discuss his concerns about a changing climate”可知，Dillon在环保组织做了六个月志愿者之后，他认为在Atkinson的课堂上他可以讨论他对气候变化的担忧；由此可推知，Atkinson的课鼓励Dillon参与环境保护，故选C。第二节【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了人类为了提高粮食生产率，采用目光短浅的耕作技术导致了大量农作物品种的迅速消失，一些品种甚至绝种，进而强烈呼吁保护人类粮食作物的多样性迫在眉睫。36答案与解析：D第一段主要介绍当前有许多人关注并支持濒危动物
96、保护事业，而对濒危植物保护的关注与支持则不尽如人意。因此这两种情况应是转折对比关系，故选D项“However, endangered plants are defended by few.”。37答案与解析：C第二段第一句说“令人惊讶的是，直到最近，一些最濒危的植物还在被人类用作必要的粮食作物”，所以下文应该是选与之作强烈对比的选项，以点明当前大量植物濒危的原因，“由于受到当前目光短浅的耕作技术的威胁，农作物的多样性正在急剧减少”。故选C项。38答案与解析：E第四段设空处前面说“单一粮食作物通常所包含的数百个变种正在迅速消失”，设空处后面是在举例说明， “Examples of losses
97、in crop diversity have been recorded worldwide.”，故选E项。39答案与解析：F设空处位于段首，是主旨句。其后一句在谈保持作物多样性的好处，所以根据语境可知，设空处应选F项，“植物物种的永久丧失是对人类的巨大威胁”。40答案与解析：B根据上下文语境可知，设空处所在段为“总分”结构，空格前句谈了保持作物多样性的一些好处，所以该设空处应该是继续谈其他的好处，“Also，crop diversity provides the necessary gene pool to supply crops with a variety of traits.”此外，
98、作物多样性还能提供必要的基因库，从而为作物提供多样性特征。故选B项。第三部分第一节【语篇解读】本文是一篇哲理性文章。本文通过作者和其他人之间的所谓的比赛，说明了这样一个道理：在现实生活中，我们花费时间和精力去追赶其他人，但在此过程中我们却错失了我们自己的命运路径。建议人们不要和别人比较，接受已拥有的东西，过健康的生活。41答案与解析：B考查动词。句意：“我”看出他跑得比“我”慢一些。 forget“忘记”；tell“看出，判断”；admit“承认”；argue“争论”，故选B。42答案与解析：C考查动词。由46空后的“I caught and passed him.”可知，“我”要努力赶上他。
99、fool“愚弄”；warn“警告”；catch“赶上”；encourage“鼓励”，故选C。43答案与解析：A考查连词。句意：在“我”拐弯儿之前，“我”还要跑一英里。before“在之前”；because“因为”；once“一旦”；although“尽管”，故选A。44答案与解析：D考查副词。句意：每到一个街区，“我”都逐渐地离他越来越近。secretly“秘密地”；finally“最后”；possibly“可能”；gradually“逐渐地”，故选D。45答案与解析：C考查动词。句意：几分钟之后，“我”距离他只有100码，所以“我”开始加速，想象这是伦敦奥林匹克竞赛的最后一圈。ignore“
100、忽略”；doubt“怀疑”；think“想，想象”；announce“宣布”，故选C。46答案与解析：C考查固定短语。由空前“I caught and passed him.”可知，最终“我”成功超越了他。make it“做到，成功”，故选C。47答案与解析：A考查动词。句意：“我”打败了他。beat“打败”；hit“打击”；meet“遇见”；defend“防护”，故选A。48答案与解析：D考查动词。由空后“I had gone nearly six blocks past it.”可知，“我”太专注于比赛，而错过了拐弯儿。take“拿”；change“改变”；value“重视”；miss“错
101、过”，故选D。49答案与解析：A考查名词。句意：这不正如发生在“我们”生活中的事吗？life“生活”；plan“计划”；mind“介意”；dream“梦想”，故选A。50答案与解析：C考查动词。句意：这不正如发生在“我们”生活中的事吗？“我们”专注于和同学、同事、朋友、邻居和家人竞争的时候，努力超过他们或者努力证明“我们”更重要或是更成功。promise“许诺”；explain“解释”；prove“证明”； predict“预测”，故选C。51答案与解析：A考查名词。句意：在现实生活中，“我们”花费时间和精力去追赶其他人，却错失了“我们”自己的命运路径。 energy“精力”；dream“梦想
102、”；wealth“财富”；health“健康”，故选A。52答案与解析：A考查名词。句意：这种不良竞争的问题是：它是一个永不休止的循环。problem“问题”；possibility“可能性”；requirement“要求”；influence“影响”，故选A。53答案与解析：B考查形容词。句意：总有一些人在你的前面，他们有更好的成绩，或者是更令人满意的工作，更好的教育，更漂亮的汽车，银行里有更多的钱。lower“更低”；better“更好”；further“更远”；deeper“更深”，故选B。54答案与解析：C考查形容词。由空后“that we can be the best”可知，我们要
103、自信。satisfied“满意的”；afraid“害怕的”；confident“自信的”；curious“好奇的”，故选C。55答案与解析：A考查动词。句意：接受“我们”已经被给予的身高、体重和性格。give“给予”；provide“提供”；take“拿”；use“用”，故选A。第二节【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了热带雨林对环境和人类非常重要，因此我们应该停止对它们的破坏。56答案与解析：onhave an effect on.对有影响。57答案与解析：a此处的part是可数名词，其发音以辅音音素开头，需要用不定冠词a修饰，play a part in在方面起作用。58答案与解析：the
104、m作介词without的宾语用宾格。59答案与解析：importance作介词of的宾语用名词。60答案与解析：have begun根据时间状语in the past hundred years可知，此处强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应该用现在完成时。61答案与解析：harder此处是“the比较级，the比较级”结构，表示“越，就越”。62答案与解析：which此处为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代整个主句的内容并在从句中作主语，故用which。63答案与解析：to explore不定式作后置定语修饰opportunity，意为“的机会”。64答案与解析：rapidly修饰动词growing用
105、副词。65答案与解析：resourcesresource表示“具体的资源”时是可数名词，此处用复数形式表泛指。第四部分第一节参考范文： Dear Bill， I am sorry to know you are having trouble with your life and study here. However, the situation is easy to change. Now, Id like to give you some advice. Firstly, join some school clubs, where you can make some friends. Se
106、condly, communicate with the people who have the same interest with you. Maybe it can get rid of your loneliness. Thirdly, o some outdoor activities and they can make you relaxed. By doing all these, you can get used to your school life and live happily.Hope my advice can help you.Yours，Li Hua第二节参考范
107、文：Later, as we stood by the burning tent to keep warm, we considered our difficult situation. Our campsite was in the deep of the forest, really far away from the highway. We were in the middle of nowhere, wearing only underwear, with our supplies burnt into ashes, including our cellphones. Even Ste
108、ve was unsure of what to do next. The only thing we could do was just sit in the cold air and wonder how to get out of the forest. Suddenly, we heard a noise in the forest. Anxiously we listened and stared into the darkness. A jeep appeared. A forester spotted the light from the fire and came to hav
109、e a check. We jumped into the warm vehicle and the forester drove us to the ranger station, where we were given clothes and were able to call our parents. Steve and I had many more camping adventures from then on, but it was on this trip that Steve began to treat me more like a friend rather than a younger cousin. Our friendship continues to this day.
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