1、导读大卫科波菲尔是著名作家狄更斯的代表作之一。阅读下面选取的有关成长中的烦恼的节选，对比中外文化中对成长烦恼态度的异同。David was sent to schoolIn Yarmouth I was put on the longdistance coach to London，and travelled all through the night.At the coach station in London，I was collected by a teacher，Mr.Mell，and taken to Salem House，the school which the Murdston
2、es had chosen for me.The school was a large old building with a dusty playground，surrounded by a high brick wall.It looked strangely deserted.I was very surprised to find that none of the boys were there，and was told that they were all on holiday，and that I had been sent there during the holidays as
3、 a punishment for my wickedness.The headmaster and teachers were on holiday too，all except for Mr.Mell，who had to look after me.I spent a whole month in that miserable place，doing my lessons in the dirty，empty classroom，which smelt of old food and unwashed boys.Every evening I had to eat my supper w
4、ith Mr.Mell，and then go straight to bed.The worst thing was the sign I had to wear round my neck.It said：BE CAREFUL！HE BITES.I was only allowed to take it off when I went to bed.Although I was extremely lonely and unhappy at this time，I was not looking forward to meeting all the other boys.I felt su
5、re they would laugh at me and especially at the sign I was forced to wear.But one day Mr.Mell told me that the headmaster，Mr.Creakle，had returned，and wanted to see me.So I went，trembling，to his part of the house.I realized at once that Mr.Creakle lived much more comfortably than the boys or the teac
6、hers.He was a small，fat man with a purple nose，who was sitting in an armchair with a bottle of wine and a glass in front of him.“So，this is the boy who bites，is it？”he asked unpleasantly.“I know your stepfather，boy.Hes a man of strong character，he is.He knows me，and I know him.Do you know me？Answer
7、me，boy！”He pulled violently at my ear.“Not yet，sir，”I answered，tears of pain in my eyes.“Ah，but you soon will！Oh yes，I have a strong character too，youll see！”He banged his hand hard on the table.I was very frightened，but I made myself ask the question I had been considering for a whole month.“Please
8、，sir，Im very sorry for what I did to Mr.Murdstone.Couldcould I take this sign off，before the other boys see it.”Mr Creakle gave a sudden，terrible shout and jumped out of his chair.I did not wait to see whether he was going to hit me，but ran out of his room and hid in my bed for the next hour.However
9、，the boys were not as cruel to me as I had feared.I made a friend almost immediately，a boy called Tommy Traddles，who was known to be the unluckiest boy in the school.I was also noticed，and even smiled on，by the great James Steerforth，one of the oldest boys，at least six years older than me.He was a h
10、andsome，intelligent，curlyhaired young man，who had become an important figure at the school，with great influence over the younger boys.“How much money have you got，Copperfield？”he asked me.“Eight shillings，Steerforth，”I answered，remembering the present my mother and Peggotty had given me.“Youd better
11、 give it to me.Ill take care of it for you，”he offered in a friendly way.I opened Peggottys purse and turned it upsidedown into his hand.“Perhaps youd like to spend some of it now？”he suggested，smiling.“A bottle of wine，a tin of biscuits，a few cakes，that sort of thing？I can go out whenever I like，so
12、 I can buy it for you.”“Yees，thats very kind of you，”I said，although I was a little worried that all my money would disappear.When we went upstairs to bed，I realized that all my money had been spent，as eight shillings worth of food and drink was laid out on my bed in the moonlight.Of course I did no
13、t want to eat and drink it all by myself，so I invited Steerforth and the others to help themselves.The boys were very willing，and we spent a pleasant evening，sitting on our beds，whispering to each other.I discovered that the boys all hated Salem House，which they considered one of the worst schools i
14、n the country.They especially hated Mr.Creakle，who was in the habit of beating them regularly with a heavy stick which he carried with him at all times.The only boy he dared not beat was Steerforth.I admired Steerforth even more when I heard this.I stayed at Salem House for three more months.Althoug
15、h one or two of the teachers，like Mr.Mell，were kind to us boys，and tried to teach us properly，we were too afraid of Mr.Creakle and his stick to concentrate on our studies.But Tommy Traddles and I cheered each other up if we were beaten，and I was lucky enough to be friendly with the great Steerforth，
16、in spite of the difference in our ages.However，my home，even with the Murdstones there，seemed a much pleasanter place than school，and I was glad when the Christmas holidays arrived，and I was allowed to return to Blunderstone.I was a little surprised to find that my mother had a new baby，and I could s
17、ee at once that she was not well.She looked tired and worried，and very thin.But she and Peggotty were delighted to see me，although they dared not show it if the Murdstones were present.My stepfather and his sister seemed to hate me even more than before，if that were possible，and they made my life qu
18、ite miserable whenever they could.In fact，I was almost pleased when it was time to return to school，and see Traddles and Steerforth again.As the cart drove away，I remember my mother standing outside our house，with her baby in her arms，smiling sadly at me.That was the last time I saw her，and that is
19、how I shall always remember her.大卫被送往学校在雅茅斯我被送上一辆去伦敦的长途四轮马车，行驶了一整夜。在伦敦车站，有位叫梅尔先生的教师接待了我，并把我送到萨伦学校，那是摩德斯通姐弟为我选定的学校。学校由一幢很大的旧楼和一片杂乱的操场组成，四周围着很高的砖墙。它看上去出奇地荒芜。我很奇怪，学校里空无一人，后被告知，学生们都放假了，而我却在假期里被送到学校是对我的劣行的一种惩罚。校长和老师们也都放假了，除了这位不得不照看我的梅尔先生以外。我在这个糟糕的地方待了整整一个月，在肮脏不堪的空教室里做功课，闻着食物霉烂的气味和那种没洗澡的孩子身上的臭味。每天晚上我都得和梅尔
20、先生一起吃晚饭，然后直接上床睡觉。最糟糕的是我必须在脖子上挂块牌子，牌子上写有“小心，他咬人”的字样。只有在上床睡觉时这块牌子才允许被摘下来。尽管这段时间我感到特别孤单，特别无聊，但我还是不期望见到其他孩子们。我觉得他们肯定会嘲笑我，尤其笑我不得不挂着的那块牌子。然而有一天，梅尔先生告诉我，校长克里古尔先生回来了，并要我去见他。于是我哆哆嗦嗦地来到他的房间。我一眼就发现克里古尔先生住得比孩子们和老师们要舒服得多。他个子矮小，身材肥胖，长着一个酒糟鼻。他坐在扶手椅上，面前放着一瓶酒和一个酒杯。“这，就是那个咬人的孩子，对吧？”他很不高兴地问道，“我认识你继父，孩子。他是个脾气特倔的人，他的确是。
21、他认识我，我也认识他。你认识我吗？回答我，小子！”他粗暴地揪起我的耳朵。“还不认识，先生。”我回答，疼得直掉泪。“噢，你很快会认识的！噢，对了，我也是个脾气倔强的人，你会知道的！”他狠狠地捶了一下桌子。我很害怕，但还是竭力稳住自己，问了一个困扰了我一整个月的问题，“求您了，先生，我非常抱歉我对摩德斯通先生所做的一切。我能我能在其他同学看到之前摘下这块牌子吗？”克里古尔先生发出一声突兀、可怕的叫声，从椅子上跳起来。我没等看清他是否想揍我就跑回了宿舍，并在床上待了足足一个钟头。然而，同学们对我并不像我担心的那样残酷。我很快就结识了一位叫汤米特拉德的朋友，他被公认为学校里最不幸的孩子。我还引起了学校
22、里最年长的孩子之一的詹姆斯斯提福兹的注意，甚至互相见面致意。他至少比我大6岁，长得英俊、人很聪明，留一头卷发，是学校里的出名人物，对年幼的孩子颇具影响力。“你有多少钱，科波菲尔？”他问我。“8先令，斯提福兹，”我回答他说，回想 着母亲和辟果提送给我的礼物。“你最好给我，我替你保管，”他很友善地提议。我打开辟果提给的钱包，把钱一股脑全倒在他手上。“你现在大概想先花掉一部分吧？”他笑着建议道，“可以买瓶酒，一罐饼干，一些糕点什么的？我随时可以外出，所以我可以帮你买回来。” “那好吧，你真是个热心人。”虽然我有点担心我的钱会分文不剩，但还是这么说了。当我们上楼睡觉时，我意识到我的钱已经全部被花光了，
23、因为借着月光可以看见，价值8先令的食品和饮料已经堆在我的床上。我当然不会一个人独享这些东西，所以邀请斯提福兹和其他的同学一起吃，随便吃。孩子们都非常乐意，那晚过得很愉快。我们坐在自己的床上，悄声聊开了。我发现孩子们都讨厌萨伦学校，认为这是全国最糟的学校之一。他们尤其讨厌克里古尔先生，说他有揍学生的癖好，用他那根从不离身的粗木棍。还说他唯一不敢揍的学生就是斯提福兹。我听了后对斯提福兹更加肃然起敬。我在萨伦学校又待了三个月。虽然也有一两个教师，如梅尔先生，对孩子们很和气，也设法给我们以正规的教育，但我们都害怕克里古尔先生和他的棍子，所以根本没法专心学习。不过，汤米特拉德和我总是在挨打的时候互相安慰
24、，而且我还很幸运与大孩子斯提福兹保持友好，虽然我们俩年龄相差很多。不管怎样，我的家，虽然有摩德斯通姐弟在，总显得比学校亲切。所以在圣诞来临之际，我很高兴，我可以回到布兰德斯通去了。知道母亲已经又生了一个小孩，看得出来她身体欠佳。她看上去很疲倦，忧心忡忡，而且瘦弱不堪。但她和辟果提见到我时都很高兴，尽管有摩德斯通姐弟在场时不敢表露出来。继父和他姐姐比以前更讨厌我了，只要有可能，他们就会抓住一切机会让我生活在痛苦之中。所以，当返校的日子来临，想着我又可以见到特拉德和斯提福兹时，我反而感到欣喜。马车开始启动，我记得母亲站在屋外，怀里抱着小孩，苦涩地微笑着。这是我最后一次见到她，这也是我至今依旧记得的她的模样。知识积累1wickedness n劣行2miserable adj.令人不快的3tremble v.颤抖4violently adv.凶狠地5bang v.猛敲；砸6concentrate v.集中(注意力)文化链接大卫成长过程中遭遇许多不友善的人残忍的校长、狡诈的朋友，还有心怀歹意的尤赖亚希普