1、课时作业(八)必修Unit2Language.阅读理解A2021济宁市质量检测Onthesummerof1995, asecondyeargraduatestudentnamedSergeyBrinwasgivingatourofStanfordUniversitytoprospectivestudents.LarryPage, anengineeringgraduatefromtheUniversityofMichigan, wasoneofthosebeingshownaroundthecampus.“Webothfoundeachotherobnoxiousandannoyingwith
2、strongopinionsaboutthings，”saidBrin.“Butwesaiditalittlebitjokingly.Obviously, wespentalotoftimetalkingtoeachother, sotherewassomethingthere.”Thetechnologyofthewebatthetimemeantthatpeoplecouldtellwhereawebpagelinkedtojustbyreadingitscode.However, togetacompletelistofeverypagetowhichitlinked, theyneed
3、edtocheckeveryotherwebsiteontheInternet.Pages“BackRub”projectaimedtoqualifythesebacklinks (反向链接).Itwasacomplextaskthatnotonlydemandedvastcomputingresources, butalsorequiredextremelycomplexmathematics, whichwaswherethemathgeniusBrincamein.Later, PageandBrincameupwiththePageRankalgorithmarankingsystem
4、whichwouldprovetobeabreakthroughidea.Andthen, BackRubbecameGoogle, aplayontheterm“googol”，meaning“10100”.Thesystemsuccessfullyenableduserstosearchall24millionpagesstoredinitsdatabase.OnSeptember15,1997, Gwasregistered.InAugust1998, itgotitsfirstfundingintheformofacheckfor$100000writtenbyAndyBechtols
5、heim, cofounderofSunMicrosystems, to“GoogleInc”.Butstillthereweretroubles.Laterthatmonth, PageandBrinmovedintothegarage (车库) offriendSusanWojcicki (nowtheCEOofYouTube), andreceivedfurtherinvestmentfromAmazonfounderJeffBezos, amongothers.Earlyin1999, PageandBrinattemptedtosellGoogletoExcite, atthetim
6、etheNo.2searchenginebehindYahoo, foronemilliondollars.However, evenafterthepairhadbeentalkeddownto$750000, ExciteCEOGeorgeBellrejectedthem.Withnobuyerinsight, GooglestartedhiringengineersandmovedtoanofficeinCaliforniainMarch1999.In2001, EricSchmidtwashiredfirstaschairmanandthenCEO, leavingPageandBri
7、ntocontinuedevelopingGooglesproductsandtechnologiesrespectively.Bytheendofitsfirstdecade, Googlehadeffectivelywonthesearchenginewars.1Accordingtothearticle, whatcanwelearnaboutLarryPageandSergeyBrin?ATheyfirstmeteachotherwhenstudyingatStanford.BTheyfoundtheirfirstencounterratherunpleasant.CTheyhadno
8、intentionofrunningabusinessinitially.DTheygotfinancialsupportfromStanfordtoworkontherankingsystem.2Paragraphs4to5mainlytalkabout_.AwhatmotivatedPagetolaunchthe“BackRub”projectBhowthe“BackRub”projectledtothefoundingofGoogleChowthePageRankalgorithmworkedDhowBrinjoinedPageincarryingoutthe“BackRub”proje
9、ct3Accordingtothearticle, whodidNOTmakeaninvestmentinGoogle?AndyBechtolsheim.SusanWojcicki.JeffBezos.GeorgeBell.ABCD4Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?ATheInternet: howitchangedtheworldBGiantGoogle: howitbeatExciteandYahooCExciteCEOregrettedforrefusingthebestofferDGoogleat20: howtwostudentschangedt
10、heInternetB2021山西省高三第一次模拟Inaworldwherenearly6millionfingerprintrecordsofgovernmentemployeesarestoleninonecomputerhack (非法入侵), andheremillionsofpeoplearevictimsofidentitythefteveryyear, thenextstepincybersecuritymaywellbemappingyourbrain.ResearchersatBinghamtonUniversity, StateUniversityofNewYorkarew
11、orkingonabiometric (生物特征识别的) systemthatrecordshowyourbrainreactstocertainimages.Withalittlemorepolishing, thescientistsbrainchildcouldbecomethewayyougetintoasafedepositbox, yourofficeorpastscannersattheairport.Itcouldreplacethepasswordforyouronlinebanking, youremailoryoursocialmediaaccounts.Theystar
12、tedtheirprojectbymeasuringthebrainwavesof30subjects.Thesubjectswerefittedwithacapthathad30electrodes (电极) attachedtoit, andthenshownvariousimagesandsymbolscelebrityfaces, words, picturesoffoodonacomputerscreenin200millisecondbursts.Thebrainsreactionwasrecorded.Theideaisthateverytimeapersonneedstouse
13、a“password”，heorshegoesthroughthesameprocedure, andtheresultsarematchedwiththeirfirsttimereaction.Ifthe“brainprint”iscompromisedlikewhathappenedwiththefingerprintrecordsthenthesystemismerelyresetbyrunninganothersetofimagesandcollectingadifferentsetofbrainwaves.“Evenifthatwasstolen, youcouldjustcance
14、litandrecordonetosomethingelse”，saysprofessorLaszlo.Laszloandherteamhaveshownthattheirsystemcanbe100percentaccurate.Sooneofthemoredifficultpartsofmakingthesystempracticalalreadyhasbeenovercome.Now, theyrespendingmuchtimerecordingaccuratebrainprintswithasfewasthreeelectrodes, whichcouldmakerecordingi
15、nthefutureaseasyaswearingapairofspecialglasses.Theyrealsoworkingwithcheapermaterialsanddifferentmethodstoseeiftheycanbringthecostdown.5Whatdoestheunderlinedword“brainchild”inParagraph2referto?AThebrainfunction.BThefingerprintrecord.CThebiometricsystem.DTheonlinepassword.6Whyweretheimagesandsymbolssh
16、owntothesubjects?ATocreatetheirbrainprints.BTocheckthebrainsreaction.CTomatchbrainprintswithpictures.DToconnectbrainwavestoelectrodes.7Whatwillhappenwhenabrainprintfails?AAspareonewillbereadybeforehand.BAnewonewillbesetagain.CTheuserssecuritywillbeleaked.DThefingerprintrecordwillreplaceit.8Whatareth
17、eresearchersdoingwiththeprogramnow?AMakingituserfriendly.BImprovingitsaccuracy.CRecordingmorebrainprints.DIncreasingthenumberofelectrodes.完形填空2021日照市高三第一次校际联考WehavelivedinthishouseinArizonaforafewyearsnow.Inour_1_thereisaswimmingpoolandtwotreesthataretallerthanthehouse.Thefirstspringwewereherewe_2_w
18、hatwastobecomeacommonphenomenon.Thereisaperiodofseveralweekswhenbabybirdsfallfromthetreesand_3_inourbackyardeveryyear.Mostofthetimetheyarestrongand_4_andjustneedafewdaystolearntofly.Atfirstwehadtofrightenourcatsanddogawayasthey_5_thebirds.Perhaps, ourpetsthoughttheselittle_6_weretoysforthemtoplaywit
19、h.Wequickly_7_thatourbackyardwasnoplaceforbiggeranimalsduringthis_8_timeforthelittlebirdstolearntofly.Everyspring, whenourdogandcatswanttotakea_9_inthebackyard, weletthedogoutonlyinthefrontyardandthecats_10_indoors.DuringthistimemyhusbandandI_11_thebirdsinthebackyard.Sometimesthebirdshavetobesavedfr
20、omtheswimmingpoolbecausethewatermight_12_them.Sometimestheyhavetobe_13_inthebranchesofthetreesastheycantflyup.Everybabybirdneedsasafeplaceto_14_andgrowup, justlikeuswhenwearenotstrong.Thus, itwouldmakeagreat_15_ifwecouldbekindenoughtowhoevermightbeinneedofhelporinanunfortunatesituation.1A.gardenBgar
21、ageCbackyardDhouse2A.heardBexpectedCunderstoodDnoticed3A.getaboutBwakeupCsettledownDmakeup4A.powerfulBhealthyCfriendlyDbeautiful5A.scaredBapproachedCkilledDobserved6A.creaturesBfriendsCwondersDneighbors7A.deniedBprovedCdeclaredDrealized8A.comfortableBpreciousCboringDdark9A.breakBchanceCshowerDseat10
22、A.sleepBjumpCstayDchase11A.watchoutforBmixupwithCsearchforDplaywith12A.floodBdrownCpoisonDreach13A.soughtBsupportedChungDplaced14A.standBstruggleCwalkDland15A.choiceBpromiseCdifferenceDdecision.应用文写作2021武汉市部分学校质量检测你校三个月前发起了“我有一个好习惯”的活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1活动简介；2你的好习惯；3你的体会。注意：1写作词数为80左右；2请按如下格式作答。IHa
23、veaGoodHabit_课时作业(八).阅读理解A语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我工作经历Google的两位联合创始人的创业史【语篇解读】文章主要叙述了Google的两位联合创始人的创业史。1答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Larry Page and Sergey Brin曾想出售谷歌公司。在雇用了Eric做CEO之后，他们继续去研发产品和技术。由此可推知，他们起初没有做生意的打算。故选C。2答案与解析：B段落大意题。根据第四段可知，Page的“BackRub”项目旨在给这些反向链接赋权，结合第五段第二句中的“And then, BackRub became Google”和
24、第六段第一句“On September 15, 1997, Google. com was registered.”可推知，这两段主要介绍了BackRub项目如何导致谷歌成立的。故选B。3答案与解析：D细节理解题。该题问的是谁没有投资Google。根据第六段第二句中的“it got its first funding in the form of a check for $100,000 written by Andy Bechtolsheim”可知，Andy Bechtolsheim投资了谷歌；根据第六段最后一句中的“Page and Brin moved into the garage (
25、车库) of friend Susan Wojcicki (now the CEO of YouTube), and received further investment from Amazon founder Jeff Bezos”可知，Page和Brin搬进了Susan Wojcicki的车库，并从Jeff Bezos那里获得了投资。由此可知，Jeff Bezos投资了谷歌，而Susan Wojcicki没有投资；再根据最后一段第二句“However, even after the pair had been talked down to $750 000, Excite CEO Geo
26、rge Bell rejected them.”可知，即使他们已经把价格降到了75万美元，George Bell还是拒绝了他们，由此可知，George Bell没有投资谷歌。故选D。4答案与解析：D标题概括题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要叙述了由两个学生创建搜索引擎谷歌的过程，这一过程也改变了互联网。D项“谷歌20岁：两个学生是如何改变互联网的”概括了文章主旨，适合做标题。故选D。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会网络安全脑印【语篇解读】网络安全越来越重要，科学家也在研究新的网络安全密码脑印。5答案与解析：C考查词义猜测。根据上下文可知，此处指科学家为应对信息被盗而研究的新发明一种生物特征识别
27、系统。6答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“The subjects were fitted with a cap that had 30 electrodes (电极) attached to it, and then shown various images and symbolscelebrity faces, words, pictures of foodon a computer screen in 200millisecond bursts. The brains reaction was recorded”可推断，向实验对象展示各种图像和符号，记录他们大脑的反应，就是为了
28、获得脑印。故答案为A。7答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“If the brainprint is compromisedlike what happened with the fingerprint recordsthen the system is merely reset by running another set of images and collecting a different set of brain waves”可知，如果一个脑印被破坏了，系统就会重置，重录一个新的脑印。故答案为B。8答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Now, theyre spen
29、ding much time recording accurate brainprints with as few as three electrodes, which could make recording in the future as easy as wearing a pair of special glasses. Theyre also working with cheaper materials and different methods to see if they can bring the cost down”可知，他们目前在努力简化该系统，并降低成本，这些可以总结为让
30、这个系统更方便为用户所用。故答案为A。.完形填空语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自然人与动物后院的小鸟【语篇解读】作者的后院里每年春天会有一些小鸟从树上跌落下来。作者一家便把家中狗和猫给赶走，同时也会密切注意这些小鸟以防它们跌入院里的游泳池时能及时被救出，同时也会把它们放置在树枝上，让它们学习飞行。由此作者感悟到：在他人需要帮助或者处于不幸的状态时，足够善待对方将会影响很大。1答案与解析：C考查语境推断和词汇复现。根据空后的“there is a swimming pool and two trees”和上句中的“this house”可推知，空处指的是房子的后院，与下文中的“in our ba
31、ckyard“呼应。2答案与解析：D考查语境推断。根据文中的“The first spring”和“a common phenomenon”和下文中的“Every spring”可推知，此处表示作者一家一开始便注意到了一个后来常见的现象。notice“注意”。3答案与解析：A考查语境推断。根据语境和最后一段首句可推知，小鸟掉落到院子里后到处走。get about“四处行走”。4答案与解析：B考查语境推断。根据空前的“strong”可推知，大部分时间小鸟都是健康强壮的。5答案与解析：B考查语境推断。起初当猫和狗靠近小鸟时，作者一家不得不把它们吓走。approach“靠近”。6答案与解析：A考查逻
32、辑推断。小鸟是一种生物。creature“生物”。7答案与解析：D考查语境推断。根据语境可推知，作者一家很快意识到了一个问题。8答案与解析：B考查语境推断。小鸟学习飞行的阶段是小鸟一生中很珍贵的阶段。 precious“珍贵的”。9答案与解析：A考查语境推断。根据下文中的“we let the dog out only in the front yard and the cats _10_ indoors”和选项可推知，家里的狗和猫要休息了。take a break意为“休息”。10答案与解析：C考查语境推断。根据句中的“we let the dog out only in the front
33、 yard”可推知，这时候会让小猫待在屋里。11答案与解析：A考查逻辑推断。根据下文中的“Sometimes the birds have to be saved from the swimming pool”可推知，作者和丈夫在这一时期密切注意这些小鸟。12答案与解析：B考查逻辑推断。根据句中的“Sometimes the birds have to be saved from the swimming pool”可推知，水可能把那些小鸟给淹死。drown“(使)淹死，溺死”。13答案与解析：D考查逻辑推断。根据下文中的“Every baby bird needs a safe place”
34、可推知，小鸟们在不会飞的时候，有时候会被放置在树枝上。14答案与解析：D考查语境推断。每一个小鸟都需要一个安全的地方安顿下来去成长。land“着陆，降落”符合语境。15答案与解析：C考查语境推断。根据语境可知，如果我们可以在任何人需要帮助或者不幸时足够善待对方，这将会影响很大。make a difference“有影响”。.应用文写作【范文赏读】I Have a Good HabitThe programme “I Have a Good Habit” launched three months ago has aroused great interest among us students,
35、 and since then our life has taken on a new dimension.In the past, I always started to get my work done till the last minute. When the programme began, I tried hard to force myself to do everything in time. With the encouragement from the people around me as well as my efforts, everything has changedIve made significant progress in my studies and made more friends in my class. Im really grateful for the programme now.
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