1、课时作业(二十四)选修Unit1Thewrittenword.阅读理解A2021烟台市高考诊断性测试TheUnderwaterPhotographeroftheYear, whichoriginatedfrom1965, isayearlycontestbasedintheUnitedKingdom.Asyoumightexpect, thefocusisonphotostakenunderwater, whetherintheocean, inlakesorrivers, orevenswimmingpools.Thepicturesarejudgedinseveraldifferentca
2、tegories.Thecontestin2020hadover5,500entriesfrom70differentcountries.Thegrandprizewinnerwas“FrozenMobileHome”byFrenchphotographerGregLecoeur.Thephotoshowssealsswimmingaroundasmalliceberg.Togetthepicture, Mr.LecoeurtraveledtoAntarcticainasmallboatandspenttimetrackingthelifearoundfloatingicebergs.Thep
3、hoto“LastDawn, LastGasp”byPasqualeVassalloofItalywontheawardforOceanProtectionPhotographeroftheYear.Mr.Vassallosaidthathewentdivingearlyinthemorningtotakethispictureofatuna (金枪鱼) trappedasfishermenpulledtheirnetsin.Mr.Vassalloalsotook“OctopusTraining”，apicturethatwoninthecategoryof“Behavior”.Hesayst
4、hatwhenhecameupafteradive, henoticedasoccerballfloatingonthesurface.Whenhewenttocheckitout, hesawthattherewasanoctopushangingfromtheball.Mr.Vassallosayshedoesntunderstandwhattheoctopuswasdoing, butwondersifitwastrainingfortheWorldCup.ThoughRoomanLucofBelgiumdidntwinthe“Portrait”category, hisphoto, t
5、itled“AngrySeahorse”，isquitestriking.Thecloseupshotofaseahorsestaringstrictlyintothecamerawasnamedrunnerup (secondplace).Hesaidhespentnearlyanhourstandinginkneehighwaterbeingbittenbymosquitosinordertogetthepicture.Thecontesthasmanymoreamazingphotosthatcanbeviewedonthesite, alongwiththestoriesbehindt
6、hem.Thereisevenabookwithallofthecontentsthatcanbedownloadedforfree.1WhichisntsuitabletoentertheUnderwaterPhotographeroftheYearcontest?AThecryingdolphin.BSavingtheelephant.CThedancinglemonshark.DKissingthewhale.2Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanwereadthetext?AArts.BLiterature.CDocumentary.DEducation.3Whati
7、sthephoto“LastDawn, LastGasp”aimedtotellus?AAtunaishardtoshoot.BWeshouldprotectoceananimals.CDivingearlyinthemorningispainful.DTherearetoomanyfishingnetsinthesea.4Whatcanwelearnfromthephotoof“OctopusTraining”？ATheoctopusisendangered.BPhotographyshouldbeserious.CThephotographerhasasenseofhumor.DTheph
8、otographerconcernshimselfabouttheoctopus.B2021滨州市高三质量检测Althoughsocialmediaallowustobecomemoreconnectedtootherpeoplethanatanytimeinhistory, anewstudysuggeststhatmanyAmericansfeellonelierthaneverbefore, whichisweakeningthenationsmentalandphysicalhealth.ThestudyconductedbythehealthinsurerCigna, foundwi
9、despreadloneliness, withnearlyhalfofAmericansreportingtheyfeelalone, orleftoutatleastsomeofthetime.Thenations75millionmillennials (ages2337) andGenerationZadults (ages1822) arelonelierthanoldergenerations.Besides, 54%ofpeoplesurveyedsaidtheyfeelnooneknowsthemwell, andfourin10reportedthey“lackcompani
10、onship”，their“relationshipsarentmeaningful”andthey“areisolated (孤立的) fromothers”DouglasNemecek, MD, CignaschiefmedicalofficerforBehavioralHealth, saidthefindingsofthestudysuggestthattheproblemhasbecomecommon, equalingtheriskscausedbytobaccoandthenationseverexpandingwaistline.“Lonelinesshasthesameinf
11、luenceonhealthassmoking15cigarettesaday, whileobesity (肥胖) lessthan10cigarettesaday，”hesaidinreleasingthereport.Nemecekscommentstallied_withthoseofotherleadingpublichealthspecialists, includingformerSurgeonGeneralVivekH.Murthy, MD, whosaidlonelinessshouldbetargetedinpublichealthcampaignslikethosedes
12、ignedtofightagainstsmokingandobesity.“Duringmyyearscaringforpatients, theworstdiseaseIsawwasnotheartdiseaseordiabetes; itwasloneliness，”MurthysaidinarecentcoverstoryintheHarvardBusinessReview.Thenewreport, producedinCignaspartnershipwiththepollingcompanyIpsos, isbasedonanonlinesurveyofmorethan20,000
13、USadultsusingthewellregardedUCLALonelinessScaletoseehowwidespreadlonelinessisinAmerica.5WhatdoesthestudyconductedbyCignafind?AOlderAmericansfeelmuchlonelier.BSocialmediadopeoplemoreharmthangood.CPeoplebecomemoreconnectedtoeachother.DSocialmediaincreaselevelsofAmericansloneliness.6WhichopinionmightDo
14、uglasNemeceksupport?ALonelinessisnotsoharmfulassmoking.BLonelinessistakenseriouslybythepublic.CLonelinessismoredangerousthanobesity.DLonelinessistargetedinpublichealthcampaigns.7Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“talliedwith”meaninParagraph4?AAgreedwith.BVariedwith.CContradicted.DInspired.8Whatisthepurpose
15、ofthetext?ATodiscusshealthproblems.BTopresentfindingsofarecentstudy.CTowarnpeopleaboutsocialmediause.DToshowthreatstoAmericanshealth.七选五2021南昌市高三一模WhyWalkinginNatureMakesYouaBetterWorker?Werebusyatwork, distracted (注意力分散的) bytechnologyandoftenliveinurbanenvironmentsfarfromwildspaces._1_.TheaverageAm
16、erican, forexample, spendsabout90%oftheirlifeindoors.Butwhathappensifwemaketimeforanhouroutsideeachday?_2_.Youllhavetogooutforawalk, whichisbeneficialifmostofyourdayinvolvessittinginfrontofascreen.Researchshowsshortbreakscanimproveworkenthusiasm, andaquickbreakinnaturallightwilldeliverashotofvitamin
17、D.Therearealsoalotofmentalbenefitswhenyouareinnatureyouarehappyandyourbraincanmakesenseoflife.“Whenpeoplearealloutinnature, eveninurbannature, peopletendtohavemorepositiveemotionandenergythanwhentheyareindoors._3_，”saidLisaNisbet, associateprofessoratCanadasTrentUniversity.Theideathatnatureisgoodfor
18、ushasbeengaininggroundssincethe1980s._4_.Afterwards, shinrinyoku, theJapaneseconcept, whichisthepracticeoftakingashort, leisurelyvisittoaforestforhealthbenefits, followedthat.Researchersofshinrinyokuhavesincefoundplentyofphysicalandmentalbenefits, whileglobalstudiessuggestspendingtimeinnaturecan, fo
19、rexample, restoreourabilitytofocus, increaseourcreativity, andevenhelpuslivelonger.Ofcourse, manyofusliveincitieswithnoreadyaccesstoforestsorthewilderness._5_.Variousstudieshaveshownthatgreenenvironmentsincitieshavebeneficialeffects.AWealsodontgetoutmuchBButitdoesnthavetobeaforestCPeoplecangettoafor
20、estforahikeDInotherwords, peoplearehappierinnatureETherearesomeobviousbenefitswhenbeingoutsideFGreenandbluespacesarebetterthanbusycitystreetsGFirstcamethetheorythathumanshaveabasicdesiretobeconnectedwithnature.语法填空2021山东省部分重点中学高三第一次综合考试KangYu, a24yearoldvolunteerteacherinaremotetowninthemountainsofY
21、unnanprovince, wasteachingcalligraphytotheeighthgraderswhenallof1._sudden, thecloudsseemedtoburstandtheelectricitywentout.2._ (see) thatthestudentswerestaringattherain, Kang3._ (immediate) gotaburstofinspiration.Shetoldthemtogooutside, underashelter, toenjoytherainandcomebacktowritesomethinglikeapoe
22、m.Much4._hersurprise, theworkswrittenbythestudentswerefarbeyondherexpectations!Inspiredbythatclass, Kangfoundedthenonprofitorganization, EnlightenOurFuture, tohelpChineseyoungstersimprovetheirmentalwellbeingandtheirexamgradesthroughpoetrycompositionand5._ (appreciate).Shemanagedtopersuade13schools6.
23、_ (adopt) the“FourSeasonPoetryLessons”project, withateachingplan, contentandmethodssheprovided.Sofar, thepoetrylessons7._ (design) bytheorganizationhavehelped68,000studentsin823primaryandmiddleschools, mostlyinpoorareas.NowEnlightenOurFuture8._ (run) bythreefulltimeworkers, includingKang, 60parttime
24、workers, 280backupsandmorethan1,000volunteers.Whatsgreataboutpoetryisthatitcanhelponetofindan9._ (effect) waytocommunicatewithoneself, shesays.“Whattheyneedisnotsympathy, butrecognition, 10._Ithinkwillinfluencetheirwholelife.”课时作业(二十四).阅读理解A语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会文化摄影作品展【语篇解读】本文介绍了英国的“年度最佳水下摄影师”大赛，并对几幅获奖或
25、有代表性的作品和作品对应的摄影师进行了详细的介绍。1答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据文章第一段中的“As you might expect, the focus is on photos taken underwater”可知参赛照片都是水下主题的。故选B。2答案与解析：A考查文章出处。本文主要介绍的是摄影师大赛及其中的几幅摄影作品。与摄影相关的应该是网站的艺术版块。3答案与解析：B考查推理判断。由文章第四段中的“The photo Last Dawn, Last Gasp by Pasquale Vassallo of Italy won the award for Ocean Protec
26、tion Photographer of the Year”可知该照片获得了“年度海洋保护摄影师奖”，故选项B正确。4答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第五段的最后一句“Mr. Vassallo says he doesnt understand what the octopus was doing, but wonders if it was training for the World Cup”可知，该摄影师戏谑不知道章鱼是否被训练来预测世界杯的胜负，可见摄影师有着幽默感。B【语篇解读】本文是说明文，主题语境是“人与社会”。文章介绍了一项研究的结果：尽管社交媒体让我们比历史上任何时候都更能与
27、他人建立起联系，但许多美国人感到比以往任何时候都更加孤独。5答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“a new study suggests that many Americans feel lonelier than ever before”可知，新的研究发现社交媒体让美国人变得更加孤独。6答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Loneliness has the same influence on health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day, while obesity (肥胖) less than 10 cigarettes a day”可知，孤
28、独对健康的影响相当于每天吸15支烟的影响，而肥胖对健康的影响相当于每天吸不到10支烟的影响。由此可推知，孤独比肥胖更危险。7答案与解析：A考查词义猜测。根据上文提到的Nemecek的言论和下文中的“those of other leading public health specialists.loneliness should be targeted in public health campaigns like those designed to fight against smoking and obesity”“the worst disease I saw was not heart
29、 disease or diabetes; it was loneliness”可知，此处表示Nemecek的言论与其他一些健康专家的言论是一致的，故选A。8答案与解析：B考查写作目的。根据文章内容尤其是文章首尾两段的呼应可知，本文主要介绍了一项新研究的结果：尽管社交媒体使得人们更易与他人产生联系，但许多美国人却感到比以往任何时候都孤独。故选B。【长难句解读】 Nemeceks comments tallied with those of other leading public health specialists， including former Surgeon General Vive
30、k H. Murthy， MD， who said loneliness should be targeted in public health campaigns like those designed to fight against smoking and obesity.,分析：本句是主从复合句。句子主干是Nemeceks comments tallied with those of other leading public health specialists。including短语作状语。who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词former Surgeon General Vivek
31、 H. Murthy；该定语从句中those后跟过去分词短语designed to fight against smoking and obesity作定语。,译文：Nemecek的观点和其他一流的公共健康专家的观点不谋而合，这些专家里包括前美国卫生局局长Vivek H.Murthy博士，他说像与吸烟和肥胖作斗争一样，公共健康运动应该把孤独也列为攻击目标。.七选五语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然人与环境在大自然中散步有助于更好地工作【语篇解读】到户外走走，而不是一直待在室内，对人们的身体和精神健康大有裨益。1答案与解析：A根据空后一句“The average American，for exa
32、mple，spends about 90% of their life indoors”可知，普通的美国人90%的时间都是在室内度过的，由此可推知，A项符合语境。2答案与解析：E本空是段首句，与下一段的首句“There are also a lot of mental benefits.can make sense of life”呼应，并结合对本段内容的整体理解可知，本段主要讲述了出去走走的一些明显的益处，所以E项与语境相符。3答案与解析：D本段表述大自然对人的精神健康有益。根据语境并结合空前的“people tend to have more positive emotion and en
33、ergy than when they are indoors”可推知，D项“换句话说，人们在大自然中更开心”与此处匹配。4答案与解析：G根据空后一句“Afterwards，shinrinyoku，the Japanese concept.followed that”可推知，该空陈述的应是与大自然对人类有益的理论或概念相关的内容，选项G的内容与空处相符，所以选G项。5答案与解析：B空处承上启下。B选项中的“it doesnt have to be a forest”与空前一句中的“with no ready access to forests or the wilderness”相衔接，且与空
34、后一句中的“green environments in cities have beneficial effects”相呼应，所以选B项。.语法填空语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会公益事业志愿者教师康瑜和她创办的非营利组织【语篇解读】24岁的志愿者教师康瑜在云南省山区一个偏僻的小镇上教书法。一场大雨使教室断电，她便让学生去看雨并创作诗歌。学生们的作品远远超出了她的预期，这件事启发她创立了非营利组织“是光”，通过诗歌创作和欣赏帮助中国青少年改善心理健康和考试成绩。1答案与解析：a考查固定搭配。all of a sudden“突然”为固定搭配。2答案与解析：Seeing考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓
35、语动词，与主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。3答案与解析：immediately考查词形转换。副词修饰动词，此处修饰动词got，故用副词形式。4答案与解析：to考查固定搭配。Much to her surprise意为“令她十分惊讶的是”，符合语境。5答案与解析：appreciation考查名词。此处表示“通过诗歌创作和欣赏”，and连接并列成分，composition为名词，故此处应填appreciate的名词形式。6答案与解析：to adopt考查固定用法。persuade sb. to do sth.“说服某人做某事”为固定用法。7答案与解析：designed考查非谓语动词。此
36、处为分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词lessons，空处与lessons构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。8答案与解析：is run考查时态、语态和主谓一致。Now提示时态应为现在时，又此处表述客观情况，故用一般现在时；主语Enlighten Our Future为单数，应是被运营，与run是被动关系，故填is run。【知识储备】用所给动词的适当形式填空，需要先判断该动词是作谓语还是为非谓语动词，如果是作谓语，要考虑时态、语态和单复数问题。9答案与解析：effective考查形容词。修饰名词需要用形容词，空处修饰名词way，应用形容词effective”有效的”。10答案与解析：which考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为recognition，指物，空处在该定语从句中作主语，故用which。
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