1、2021学年第二学期延安中学线上教学质量评估高一英语(时间：90分钟 满分：100分)第I卷(79分)I. Listening Comprehension (15%)Section A (5%)Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions wi
2、ll be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question youve heard. 1. A. Their parents stopped financing their education. B. The man doesnt want another English course. C.
3、 They cant pay the rent this month. D. The womans boss refused to give her a raise. 2. A. $5. B. $10 C. $45 D. $50. 3. A. Shell be away for a while. B. She did well on the examination. C. She worked hard and made a big fortune. D. She didnt have to work hard for any exam. 4. A. Hurry to the conferen
4、ce. B. Skip the conference. C. Take the subway. D. Take a bus. 5. A. He is confident. B. He is worried. C. He is bored. D. He is angry. 6. A. Peoples opinions about the movie vary. B. The man thinks the movie is not as good as he thought. C. You shouldnt believe everything you see. D. The woman wond
5、ers which newspaper the man is reading. 7. A. He used to be a workman himself. B. He likes to do repairs and make things himself. C. He is professional builder. D. He paid workmen to decorate the house. 8. A. He will change it and use it as a hotel. B. He will pull it down and build a new hotel. C.
6、He will rent it out for use as a hotel. D. He will sell it to the owner of a hotel. 9. A. Donald is very responsible. B. Donald is not humorous at all. C. What Donald said is true. D. Donalds words arent reliable. 10. A. She doesnt like the way the professor lectures. B. Shes having a hard time foll
7、owing the professors lectures. C. She is not interested in the course. D. Shes having difficulty with the heavy reading assignments. Section B (10%)Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages
8、and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are bas
9、ed on the following passage. 11. A. The coronavirus is also spreading among the monkeys. B. They are suffering from starvation because of the restriction on tourism. C. The monkeys are unlikely to calm down without music. D. The locals want the monkeys to learn to appreciate music. 12. A. They were
10、too hungry to care about it. B. They were so angry that they climbed up his body and touched his head. C. They reacted wildly, such as running over the musicians hands and eating his music. D. They behaved so wildly that the musician was distracted from playing music. 13. A. To calm down the monkeys
11、 during the coronavirus crisis. B. To cause concerns about those monkeys hunger and study their reaction to music. C. To help raise fund for more food for those monkeys. D. To entertain those monkeys so that they would forget eating. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A.
12、 You helped others cut hair. B. You had your hair cutC. Someone else did the cutting. D. You cut your hair yourself. 15. A. Put off the light. B. Close the light. C. Turn off the light. D. Go off the light. 16. A. Learning English can be tricky. B. Phrases are confusing for English learners. C. The
13、meaning of “have my hair cut”. D. The meaning of “turn off the lights”. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. What the man plans to give Judy. B. How hard to buy birthday gifts. C. When to choose the birthday gifts. D. Where to buy birthday gifts. 18. A. Say “I care
14、 for you” to Judy. B. Just give her $100. C. Give her a gift card. D. Try to buy a real gift Judy likes. 19. A. $100. B. A real gift. C. A gift card. D. Perfume. 20. A. The woman is a shop assistant. B. Judy is the mans girlfriend. C. The man will give Judy $100. D. The two speakers agree with each
15、other. II. Grammar and Vocabulary (28%)Section A (10%)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. A new report reveals that Americas pregnancy-related death rates are going up and black people
16、 are dying _ three times the rate of white people.A. byB. atC. inD. of【1题答案】【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：一份新的报告显示，美国与怀孕有关的死亡率正在上升，黑人的死亡率是白人的三倍。at the rate of是固定短语，意为“以的速率”，因此空格处是介词at，故选B。2. In recent years, Australias Great Barrier Reef _ by widespread coral bleaching repeatedly, where marine heat waves hav
17、e turned large parts of the reef a ghostly white.A. has been hittingB. has hitC. hitD. has been hit【2题答案】【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：近年来，澳大利亚大堡礁反复遭受大面积珊瑚白化的袭击，在这里海洋热浪使大堡礁的大部分变成了幽灵般的白色。分析句子结构可知，空处做主句的谓语，根据时间状语In recent years，句子应用现在完成时态；动词hit,意为“产生不良影响；打击；危害”，与逻辑主语之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态；主语Australias Great Barr
18、ier Reef为单数形式，助动词用has。故填has been hit 。故选D项。3. The U. S. and Russia have clashed over Russias ongoing military invasion of Ukraine, but space remains one area _ the two historic rivals still work together.A. whereB. in whereC. thatD. as【3题答案】【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：美国和俄罗斯就俄罗斯对乌克兰的持续军事入侵发生了冲突，但是太空依旧是这两
19、个历史上的竞争对手所需要合作的一个领域。“_ the two historic rivals still work together.”是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词area(领域)，且从句缺少地点状语in the area，应用关系副词where来引导，故选A。4. Health officials argue that the protection _ by the COVID vaccine booster shots fades over time, but they didnt make it clear how urgently people should get second bo
20、osters.A. ensuringB. being ensuredC. ensuredD. having ensured【4题答案】【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：卫生官员认为，新冠疫苗加强剂确保的保护作用会随着时间的推移而消失，但他们没有说明人们应该在多大程度上迫切地获得第二次加强剂。空处作protection的后置定语，应使用非谓语动词，ensure和protection是逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词；此处陈述一般情况，动作没有明显的先后顺序，用一般式即可。故选C。5. American school buildings are old and many face majo
21、r challenges when it comes to _ their indoor air quality.A. upgradeB. upgradingC. being upgradedD. upgraded【5题答案】【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：美国的学校建筑都很老旧，许多学校在改善室内空气质量方面面临着重大挑战。“when it comes to”是固定短语，意为“当提到”，to是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，因此空格处是upgrading。故选B。6. _presenting a negative nucleic acid test within 24 hours, S
22、hanghai residents are not allowed to leave the city.A. IfB. WhileC. ThoughD. Unless【6题答案】【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查条件状语从句和从属连词。句意：除非24小时内核酸检测呈阴性者，上海居民一律不准出上海市。A. If如果；B. While当，尽管；C. Though虽然，尽管：D. Unless除非，如果不。根据句意可知，如果24小时内核酸检测是阴性，市民可以出城，unless相当于if.not.，引导条件状语从句，如果24小时内核酸检测不是阴性，那就不能出城。故选D项。7. _of the high s
23、uccess rate, the old man clung to the hope of finding a suitable husband for his daughter through this TV program.A. AssuringB. Having assuredC. AssuredD. Being assured【7题答案】【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：确信有高成功率，老人就抱着希望，希望通过这个节目为女儿找到一个合适的丈夫。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是clung，空格处用非谓语动词，be assured of是固定短语，意为“确信”，因此空格处用过去分
24、词assured作状语，故选C。8. We should take into account students suggestion that the school library _ more books on popular science.A. provideB. providedC. providingD. provides【8题答案】【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们应该考虑学生们的建议，即学校图书馆提供更多的科普书籍。suggestion（建议）后的同位语从句要使用(should)do的虚拟语气，其中should可省略，故选A。 9. The price of CO
25、VID-19 nucleic acid tests is said _ further next year to no more than 28 yuan per person for a single test.A. being loweredB. to be loweredC. loweredD. to being lowered【9题答案】【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据悉，明年新冠病毒核酸检测费用将进一步降低到每人不超过28元。此处考查固定句型“be said+动词不定式”，意为“据说要.”，所以此处应用动词不定式做朱语补足语，动词lower，意为“减少，降低”，与逻
26、辑主语price之间为动宾关系，应用不定式的被动语态。故填to be lowered。故选B项。10. Qingming, meaning clear and bright, marks the arrival of spring. It is then _ seeds are planted and farmers start rearing silkworms.A. whichB. whoseC. in whichD. that【10题答案】【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查强调句。句意：清明意味着气清景明，标志着春天的到来。就在那时，种子被种下，农民开始养蚕。强调句型：It + is/was
27、 + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子其它部分；在强调句中，当被强调部分是人时，可以使用who代替that。结合句意，分析句子可知，本句使用了强调句型，强调的是时间状语then，句子其它部分只能由that引出。故选D。Section B (8%)Directions: Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once. There is one extra that you do not need. A. bound B. tem
28、porary C. arm D. appeal E. embraceF negotiate G. elaborate H. substitute I. immersion11. More and more parents are sending kids to _ schools where they teach most of the day in a language you dont speak.12. Though vitamin pills can prevent some diseases and slow aging, they are no _ for a healthy di
29、et.13. Caught in a heavy rain on his way home, he had no choice but to cling to a big tree for _ shelter.14. The speakers proposal calls for the federal government to _ prices for the top 250 most expensive drugs on the market.15. These guidebooks _ the travelers with a variety of useful information
30、 in case of emergency during the tour.16. Rural homestays are gaining in popularity as more tourists want to get away from the hustle and bustle of cities and _ nature.17. This well-received film has great _ for young audiences, who are fascinated by the computer-generated special effects.18. He sai
31、d he had new evidence for the mysterious case, but refused to _ any further on the details.【1118题答案】【答案】11. I 12. H 13. B 14. F 15. C 16. E 17. D 18. G【解析】【11题详解】考查名词。句意：越来越多的家长把孩子送到沉浸式学校，在那里，他们大部分时间都在用一种你不会说的语言教学。根据空后“where they teach most of the day in a language you dont speak”可知，此处是指“沉浸式学校”，imme
32、rsion沉浸，浸入，名词作定语，修饰名词schools。故选I项。【12题详解】考查名词。句意：虽然维生素药片可以预防一些疾病和延缓衰老，但它们不能代替健康的饮食。空处应填名词作there be句型的主语，结合句意可知，substitute替代品，代替物，符合题意。故选H项。【13题详解】考查形容词。句意：在回家的路上遇到了一场大雨，他别无选择，只能靠在一棵大树上临时避雨。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词shelter，结合句意可知，temporary临时的，符合题意。故选B项。【14题详解】考查动词。句意：发言者的提案要求联邦政府对市场上最昂贵的250种药物进行价格谈判。分析句子可知，空处应
33、填动词，结合句意可知，negotiate谈判，洽谈，符合题意，空前的to是不定式符号，空处用动词原形。故选F项。【15题详解】考查动词。句意：这些导游手册为旅行者提供了各种有用的信息，以备旅行期间遇到紧急情况时使用。空处是谓语动词，结合句意可知，arm武装，配备，提供，arm sb with sth用某物武装某人，固定短语，句子是一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词应用原形。故选C项。【16题详解】考查动词。句意：乡村民宿越来越受欢迎，因为越来越多的游客想要远离城市的喧嚣，拥抱自然。结合“get away from the hustle and bustle of cities”可知，此处指“
34、拥抱自然”，embrace拥抱，符合题意。故选E项。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：这部广受欢迎的电影对年轻观众有很大的吸引力，他们被电脑生成的特效迷住了。空处应填名词作宾语，结合“who are fascinated by the computer-generated special effects”可知，此处指“对年轻人有很大的吸引力”，appeal吸引力，不可数名词。故选D项。【18题详解】考查动词。句意：他说他有这个神秘案件的新证据，但拒绝说明更多细节。分析句子可知，空处应填动词，结合空后的“any further on the details”可知，elaborate详细说明，详尽阐述
35、，符合题意，空前的to是不定式符号，空处用动词原形。故选G项。Section C (10%)Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. There is one extra that you do not need. A. imperfections B. virtual C. admittedly D. distortion E. spark F. surprisingly G. focus H. repeat I. increasingly J. h
36、eightened K. mixedFeeling Ugly on ZoomJane, a 40-year-old mental health professional from Ireland, never worried too much about how she looked. However, when her job went fully _19_, she found herself desperately anxious about Microsoft Teams (video) meetings. Her face looked rounder, her nose looke
37、d bigger, and her top lip looked thinner than she had ever noticed it while looking in the mirror. “Ive always thought that I was attractive, and people would always compliment my looks in person,” Jane says. “But on video, nobody was saying how nice it was to see my pretty face.”In June 2021, Jane
38、took matters into her own hands or rather, her lips and got her wrinkles plumped with filler. She was so pleased with the results that she plans to _20_ the process every year. As the pandemic forced the masses into video conferences throughout 2020, researchers noticed a phenomenon they called “Zoo
39、m dysmorphia” (畸形恐惧症). After months of remote meetings and social gatherings and seeing their own faces on screen more and more people became focused on their physical _21_. Shadi Kourosh, a Massachusetts dermatologist (皮肤科医生), coined the term after her clinic reopened for in-person appointments in
40、the summer of 2020, when she noticed a huge increase in consultations for cosmetic procedures. Even more _22_, with the return to face-to-face interaction, consultation requests are not slowing down. While the trend may not only be attributable to Zoom, it is clear that the age of video conferencing
41、 has opened up a Pandoras box of physical and mental insecurities. Psychological studies have long associated time spent in front of the mirror with ones _23_feelings of insecurity. However, Kourosh says that looking at yourself on a screen is more like looking into a funhouse mirror than an actual
42、one. Front-facing cameras, with their close _24_, can distort (使失真) peoples appearance, making eyes look smaller and noses seem bigger. Plus, people are not used to watching themselves while trying to pay attention to other people. Doctors who perform cosmetic procedures are familiar with how the ph
43、enomenon of body dysmorphia has become _25_ worsened in recent years by retouched (润饰的) celebrity photos or, even more recently, by social media filters. But most people are self-aware enough to know a social media filter is not real life. Zoom dysmorphia is tricker because people simply were not aw
44、are that video calls could cause _26_. These types of insecurities also affect a much broader section of society. Not everybody has a Snapchat account, but almost anybody who worked from home during the pandemic used video conferencing. The impact can be profound and lasting. Jane has_27_ feelings.
45、Her job will be online for the foreseeable future. Feeling less attractive on screen than in real life, she is considering a rhinoplasty (隆鼻术) to improve her confidence. “But resolving my anxiety about my physical appearance is likely to _28_its own kind of insecurity,” she says. “It feels juvenile
46、(幼稚的) as a 40-year-old women to think about my looks like a teenager. Therere bigger problems in the world.”【1928题答案】【答案】19. B 20. H 21. A 22. F 23. J 24. G 25. I 26. D 27. K 28. E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了疫情导致人们远程见面，人们看到屏幕上的自己很不满意，产生畸形恐惧症，开始进行整容。但视频通话中人们看起来不完美的真正原因是由于面前的摄像头失真，导致人们身体变形。【19题详解】考查形容词。句意：
47、然而，当她的工作完全虚拟化时，她发现自己对微软团队（视频）会议极度焦虑。由下文“Microsoft Teams (video) meetings.”可知，Jane的工作会议在线上进行，即视频会议，所以此处指她的工作完全虚拟化，go是系动词，意为“变得”，后面应用形容词，virtual意为“虚拟的”，故选B。【20题详解】考查动词。句意：她对结果非常满意，她计划每年都重复这个过程。由上下文“She was so pleased with the results that she plans to _the process every year.”可知，Jane对整形结果很满意，所以决定以后每年都
48、做，plan to do sth.计划做某事，所以空处用动词原形，动词repeat意为“重复”，故选H。【21题详解】考查名词。句意：经过数月的远程会面和社交聚会以及在屏幕上看到自己的面孔越来越多的人开始关注自己身体的缺陷。由下文“when she noticed a huge increase in consultations for cosmetic procedures(当时她注意到整容手术的咨询量大幅增加)”可知，Shadi Kourosh诊所重新开放后，咨询整容手术的人们大幅增加，这说明疫情导致人们在屏幕上看到自己的不完美，开始关注自己的身体上缺陷，由此可知，空处表示“缺陷”应用名词
49、imperfection做宾语，且为可数名词，此处是泛指，应用复数形式，故选A。【22题详解】考查副词。句意：更令人惊讶的是，随着面对面交流的回归，咨询请求并没有减缓。由下文“with the return to face-to-face interaction, consultation requests are not slowing down.”可知，虽然人们可以面对面交流，不再视频会面，但是人们还是想改变自己的身体缺陷，这是令人很惊讶的，所以空处应用副词surprisingly修饰整个句子，作状语，意为“令人惊讶地”，故选F。【23题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：长期以来，心理学研究一直
50、认为，长时间坐在镜子前面，会增加人们的不安全感。由上文“Psychological studies have long associated time spent in front of the mirror with ones”可知，心理学研究认为，长时间坐在镜子前面，会增加人们的不安全感，空处做定语，修饰短语feelings of insecurity，动词heighten(提高；增加)与feelings of insecurity(安全感)二者之间是被动关系，所以此处应用过去分词heightened做定语，意为“增加的”，故选J。【24题详解】考查名词。句意：面前的相机，由于它们的近距离
51、聚焦，会扭曲人们的外表，使眼睛看起来更小，鼻子看起来更大。由上文“with their close”可知，相机的近距离聚焦会扭曲人们的外表，所以空处表示“聚焦”应用名词focus做宾语，且为不可数名词，故选G。【25题详解】考查副词。句意：做整容手术的医生都知道，近年来，名人照片的修饰，甚至社交媒体的过滤，使身体变形现象日益恶化。由下文“worsened in recent years by retouched (润饰的) celebrity photos or, even more recently, by social media filters”可知，名人照片的修饰，甚至社交媒体的过滤，
52、使身体变形现象日益恶化，空处应用副词修饰动词worsened(恶化；变坏)，意为“不断增加地”，应用increasingly，故选I。【26题详解】考查名词。句意：畸形恐惧症是个骗局，因为人们没有意识到视频通话会造成失真。由上文“Front-facing cameras, with their close_, can distort (使失真) peoples appearance”可知，视频通话会造成失真，所以空处应用名词distortion(失真)做宾语，且此处为不可数名词，故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词。句意：Jane的感情很复杂。由下文“It feels juvenile (幼稚的)
53、 as a 40-year-old women to think about my looks like a teenager. Therere bigger problems in the world”可知，Jane的感情很复杂，因为她看到自己在屏幕上不那么好看想整形，但是她又认为自己很幼稚，空处应用形容词mixed做定语，修饰名词feelings，意为“复杂的”，故选K。【28题详解】考查动词。句意：“但是解决我对自己外表的焦虑可能会引发一种不安全感，”她说。由下文“It feels juvenile (幼稚的) as a 40-year-old women to think about
54、my looks like a teenager”可知，Jane认为自己整形很幼稚，虽然整形能解决自己对外表的焦虑，但是会引发一种不安全感，be likely to do意为“可能做某事”，所以空处应用动词原形spark，意为“引起”，故选E。III. Reading Comprehension(36%)Section A(15%)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the
55、 word or phrase that best fits the context. My past students are starting to organize a scientific conference for my 60th birthday to be held about a year from now. Their gesture reminded me of Rabbi Haninas words: “I have learned much from my teachers, more from my colleagues and the most from my s
56、tudents.”We all started as students. Just as kids bump into things as theyre learning to _29_ the world, many of us have scars from early encounters with our mentors._30_ arise when those mentors attempt to establish their authority by trying to make us respect traditional thinking. Memories of thes
57、e events should encourage us to do better as we_31_ roles and mentor others later in life. For example, the first advice I received from my postdoctoral mentor was to develop specialized skills and focus them on a _32_ field, where I would establish myself as the world expert._33_ , I decided not to
58、 follow this advice as soon as I recognized by drilling down narrowly, one often fails to make further progress. In these situations, the potential for a _34_improves with a broader and more flexible perspective, which enables “out of the box” opportunities for drilling deeper around it. Keeping thi
59、s in mind, I encourage my students to think broadly and _35_ about the most exciting problems in astronomy, such as: “What happened before the big bang?”; “What will happen in our distant cosmic future?”; “What is the nature of dark matter?”; or “When did life start in the universe?”It is customary
60、to consider a students raw potential as a stand-alone commodity whose value can be_36_ through examinations. But my experience taught me that young scientists do not blossom into exceptional researchers _37_ they are supported by encouraging words and inspiration; these ingredients are as _38_ as nu
61、trition and water are for seeds of flowers._39_ the initial belief in the potential of a student to become a successful scientist, this outcome may not come true. As chair of the Harvard astronomy department for almost a decade, I witnessed many examples of students who were initially very slow to m
62、ake progress but blossomed academically as soon as they selected a different advisor and a new topic for their Ph. D. A good mentor_40_ the strengths of the mentee. As a result, a successful mentoring experience often reflects a good _41_ between a fledgling(新手的) scientist and an advisor. They shoul
63、d both be congratulated for their shared academic DNA. On the one hand, mentors get a kick from Oscar Wildes insight: “Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery.” But on the other hand, they should allow students to break free from the _42_ path with creativity. The rule of thumb is to give young
64、scholars just enough space to explore freely and learn from their _43_ without damaging the direction of their future careers. The learning curves could be steep; some of my 50 students over the past few decades started slow but eventually rose to the greatest heights. Patience is key.29. A. process
65、B. exploreC. reformD. include30. A. ConflictsB. NegotiationsC. ApprovalsD. Mysteries31. A. playB. denyC. accessD. change32. A. commercialB. strangeC. narrowD. broad33. A. ThereforeB. AdditionallyC. HoweverD. Consequently34. A. failureB. obligationC. ignoranceD. breakthrough35. A. independentlyB. mut
66、uallyC. temporarilyD. undoubtedly36. A. embracedB. evaluatedC. containedD. imposed37 A. ifB. lestC. whileD. unless38. A. crucialB. elaborateC. unpredictableD. inaccessible39. A. WithinB. GivenC. WithoutD. Due to40. A. spotsB. hidesC. appliesD. recalls41. A. argumentB. interactionC. criticismD. inter
67、view42. A. beatenB. brokenC. chaoticD. fresh43. A. mentorsB. imitationsC. fortuneD. mistakes【2943题答案】【答案】29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. A 41. B 42. A 43. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们，作为导师，要对年轻科学家说鼓舞人心的话语，给予他们灵感的支持，并允许他们用创造力打破常规，且在不损害他们未来的职业方向的前提下，让他们自由探索，从错误中
68、吸取教训。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像孩子们在学习探索世界的过程中偶然遇到一些事情一样，我们中的许多人，在与导师的初次接触中都会碰壁。A. process处理；B. explore探索；C. reform改革；D. include包括。由上文“Just as kids bump into things as theyre learning to”可知，孩子们是学习探索世界，故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当那些导师试图通过让我们尊重传统思维来树立他们的权威时，冲突就会出现。A. Conflicts冲突；B. Negotiations商谈；C. Approvals批准
69、；D. Mysteries神秘的事物。由上文“many of us have scars from early encounters with our mentors”和下文“arise when those mentors attempt to establish their authority by trying to make us respect traditional thinking.”可知，初次和导师见面可能会碰壁，而当那些导师试图通过让我们尊重传统思维来树立他们的权威时，冲突就会出现，故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些事件的记忆应该鼓励我们做得更好，因为我们改变
70、了角色，并在以后的生活中指导他人。A. play扮演；B. deny否认；C. access接近；D. change改变。由下文“mentor others later in life”可知，我们由学生变成导师，这是角色的改变，故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，我从我的博士后导师那里得到的第一个建议就是发展专业技能，并将它们集中在一个狭窄的领域，在这样的领域中我将建立自己作为世界专家的地位。A. commercial商业的；B. strange奇怪的；C. narrow狭窄的；D. broad广泛的。由下文“I decided not to follow this advi
71、ce as soon as I recognized by drilling down narrowly, one often fails to make further progress.(我决定不遵循这个建议，因为我认识到，通过狭隘地深入研究，往往没有取得进一步的进展。)”可知，作者没有遵循导师的建议，因为作者认为狭隘地深入研究不会取得进步，由此可知，作者的博士后导师建议作者在一个狭窄的领域进行研究，故选C。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我决定不遵循这个建议，因为我认识到，通过狭隘地深入研究，往往没有取得进一步的进展。A. Therefore因此；B. Additionall
72、y此外；C. However然而；D. Consequently结果。由下文“I decided not to follow this advice”可知，作者没有遵循导师的建议，所以前后是转折关系，应用however，故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这些情况下，突破的可能性随着更广泛和更灵活的视角而提高，这使得“打破常规”的机会能够钻得更深。A. failure失败；B. obligation责任；义务；C. ignorance忽略；D. breakthrough突破。由下文“which enables “out of the box” opportunities for d
73、rilling deeper around it.”可知，打破常规即是一种突破，故选D。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：记住这一点，我鼓励我的学生们对天文学中最令人兴奋的问题，进行广泛而独立的思考，比如：“宇宙大爆炸之前发生了什么?”A. independently独立地；B. mutually互相地；C. temporarily暂时地；D. undoubtedly毋庸置疑地。由上文“I encourage my students to think broadly and”可知，作者鼓励自己的学生进行广泛而独立的思考，故选A。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：习惯上认为学生的原始潜力
74、是一种独立的商品，其价值可以通过考试来评估。A. embraced拥抱；欣然接受；B. evaluated评估；C. contained包含；D. imposed强加于。由下文“through examinations.”可知，考试能评估学生的原始潜力价值，故选B。【37题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：但我的经验告诉我，年轻的科学家不会成为杰出的研究人员，除非他们得到鼓舞人心的话语和灵感的支持；这些成分对于花的种子来说，就像营养和水一样重要。A. if如果；B. lest以免；C. while当时候；然而；D. unless除非。由下文“they are supported by encour
75、aging words and inspiration”可知，作者认为年轻的科学家不会成为杰出的研究人员，除非他们得到鼓舞人心的话语和灵感的支持，此处是条件状语从句，应用unless来引导，故选D。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我的经验告诉我，年轻的科学家不会成为杰出的研究人员，除非他们得到鼓舞人心的话语和灵感的支持；这些成分对于花的种子来说，就像营养和水一样重要。A. crucial决定性的；至关重要的；B. elaborate复杂的；C. unpredictable不可预知的；D. inaccessible难以接近的。由上下文“these ingredients are as
76、_10_as nutrition and water are for seeds of flowers.”可知，作者认为对年轻科学家说鼓舞人心的话语，给他们灵感的支持，这很至关重要，这就像营养和水对花来说是不可或缺的一样，故选A。【39题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：如果最初不相信学生有成为成功科学家的潜力，这个结果可能不会实现。A. Within在之内；B. Given考虑到；C. Without没有；D. Due to由于。由下文“the initial belief in the potential of a student to become a successful scientis
77、t, this outcome may not come true.”可知，如果最初不相信学生有成为成功科学家的潜力，那么学生不可能成为成功的科学家，故选C。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个好的导师能发现学员的长处。A. spots发现；看到；B. hides隐藏；C. applies应用；D. recalls回想。由上文“I witnessed many examples of students who were initially very slow to make progress but blossomed academically as soon as they selec
78、ted a different advisor and a new topic for their Ph. D. (我见过很多学生的例子，他们一开始进步很慢，但是一旦他们选择了一个不同的导师和一个新的博士课题，他们在学术上就成功了)”和空前空后“A good mentor_12_the strengths of the mentee.”可知，好的导师能使学生取得成功，是因为他能发现学生身上的长处，故选A。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，一次成功的指导经验往往反映了一个初出茅庐的科学家和一个导师之间的良好互动。A. argument争论；B. interaction互动；交流；C.
79、criticism批评；D. interview采访；面试。由下文“They should both be congratulated for their shared academic DNA.(他们都有共同的学术基因，值得祝贺。)”可知，此处指一个初出茅庐的科学家和一个导师之间的良好互动，故选B。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但另一方面，他们应该允许学生用创造力打破常规。A. beaten踏平的；被击败的；B. broken损坏的；C. chaotic混乱的；D. fresh新鲜的。由上下文“they should allow students to break free fro
80、m the_14_ path with creativity.”可知，导师学生应该学生用创造力打破常规，beaten path固定搭配，意为“常规”，故选A。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经验法则是给予年轻学者足够的空间，在不损害他们未来的职业方向的前提下，让他们自由探索，从错误中吸取教训。A. mentors导师；B. imitations模仿；C. fortune好运；D. mistakes错误。由上文“explore freely and learn from their”可知，导师要让学生自由探索，然后从错误中吸取教训，故选D。Section B (15%)Directions
81、: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A)You may have heard of a Japanese
82、 TV show called PUI PUI MOLCAR. The show features cute guinea pig cars getting into all sorts of crazy situations. In addition to the charming characters, people love the shows quirky style of animation, which is known as stop motion, and its a technique with a long and interesting history. In a sto
83、p-motion film, the characters are represented by models, puppets, or toys. The animator arranges them in the desired position, takes a photograph, adjusts each objects position slightly, takes another photo, and repeats the process. When all these photos are arranged in sequence, the objects appear
84、to be moving. The first use of this technique was in a short film called The Humpty Dumpty Circus in 1898. In early Hollywood, film directors began to blend stop-motion with live action to create (at the time) jaw-dropping special effects. For example, the 1925 fantasy film The Lost World featured s
85、cary stop-motion dinosaurs chasing real actors. Indeed, the brains behind those revolutionary techniques, the animator Willis OBrien, would go on to create perhaps the worlds most famous stop-motion monsterthe giant gorilla in 1933s King Kong. By the 1990s, stop-motion was being used in everything,
86、including movies, TV advertisements, and music videos. Programs like the Swiss claymation series Pingu charmed audiences with their endearing characters and style. Then suddenly, everything changed. Computer-generated images (CGI) with special effects began to really take off. Directors were eager t
87、o explore the possibilities of this cutting-edge technology and quickly gave stop motion the boot. And although several outstanding stop-motion movies were released in the 90s (The Nightmare before Christmas, for example), it was Pixars 3-D animated hit Toy Story that would become the decades defini
88、ng animated movie. For more than 10 years, stop-motion mostly fell out of fashion. By the late 2000s, however, audiences were becoming tired of the look and feel of CGI. Today, stop-motion movies are once again making waves. TV series like Shaun the Sheep are popular all over the world. Films like T
89、he Lego Movie even use CGI to imitate stop-motion animation. One studio in particular, Laika, has created five stop-motion pictures since 2009, all of which were nominated for Best Animated Feature at the Oscars.44. A stop-motion film is made by_.A. creating stop-motion effects based on video clips
90、of real humansB. arranging photos of slightly different positions in orderC. taking photographs of various characters randomlyD. using computer techniques to create moving objects45. Which of the following is TRUE regarding the history of stop-motion films?A. The special effects created in the 1925
91、film “The Lost World” was poorly-received.B. The performance of a real gorilla in 1933s King Kong caused great excitement.C. Stop-motion films began to lose its popularity in the 1990s, giving way to CGI.D. Toy Story was not as successful as the stop-motion movie The Nightmare before Christmas.46. T
92、he underlined expression “gave the boot” probably means_.A. dismissedB. praisedC. releasedD. recalled47. It is implied in the last paragraph that_.A. some film companies intend to further improve the stop-motion filmmaking by cooperating with the Oscars.B. though CGI films are not as popular as they
93、 used to be, they are still favored by the Oscars.C. audiences across the world are ready to appreciate the impressive art of stop-motion films once again.D. stop-motion films are regaining popularity because of the declining computer-generated special effects.【4447题答案】【答案】44. B 45. C 46. A 47. C【解析
94、】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了定格电影悠久而有趣的历史故事。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In a stop-motion film, the characters are represented by models, puppets, or toys. The animator arranges them in the desired position, takes a photograph, adjusts each objects position slightly, takes another photo, and repeats the process.( 在定格电
95、影中，角色由模特、木偶或玩具来表现。动画师将它们安排在所需的位置，拍摄一张照片。稍微调整每个对象的位置，再拍摄一张照片，然后重复该过程)”可知，定格电影是通过稍微调整每个对象的位置，重复拍照来制作的。B选项“arranging photos of slightly different positions in order(按顺序排列稍微不同位置的照片)”符合文意。故选B项。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Then suddenly, everything changed. Computer-generated images (CGI) with special effects beg
96、an to really take off. Directors were eager to explore the possibilities of this cutting-edge technology and quickly gave stop motion the boot. (然后突然，一切都变了。带有特殊效果的计算机生成图像（CGI）开始真正流行起来。导演们急于探索这项尖端技术的可能性，并迅速将stop motion退出。)”可知，到了20世纪90年代, 计算机生成图像（CGI）开始流行起来, stop motion被逐渐抛弃。C选项“Stop-motion films bega
97、n to lose its popularity in the 1990s, giving way to CGI. (定格电影在20世纪90年代开始失去人气，取而代之的是CGI。)”符合文意。故选C项。【46题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“Computer-generated images (CGI) with special effects began to really take off. Directors were eager to explore the possibilities of this cutting-edge technology and quickly gave
98、stop motion the boot. (带有特殊效果的计算机生成图像(CGI)开始真正流行起来。导演们急于探索这项尖端技术的可能性，并迅速give定格电影the boot。)”可知，到了20世纪90年代, 计算机生成图像（CGI）开始流行起来, 导演们急于探索这项尖端技术的可能性，所以定格电影的技术就被逐渐抛弃。所以划线处部分的意思为“抛弃”，A选项“dismissed(不予考虑、解雇)”符合文意。故选A项。【47题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Today, stop-motion movies are once again making waves. TV series like
99、 Shaun the Sheep are popular all over the world. Films like The Lego Movie even use CGI to imitate stop-motion animation. One studio in particular, Laika, has created five stop-motion pictures since 2009, all of which were nominated for Best Animated Feature at the Oscars. (如今，定格电影再次掀起波澜。像肖恩的羊这样的电视剧
100、在全世界都很受欢迎。像乐高这样的电影甚至使用CGI来模拟定格动画。特别是一家名为莱卡的工作室，自2009年以来已经创作了五部电影，所有这些电影都获得了奥斯卡最佳动画片提名。)”可知，定格电影再次流行起来，多部电影甚至获得了奥斯卡最佳动画片提名。C选项“audiences across the world are ready to appreciate the impressive art of stop-motion films once again. (世界各地的观众已经准备好再次欣赏令人印象深刻的定格电影艺术。)”符合文意。故选C项。(B)Savings You Can Phone InC
101、osts are going up and money is tight, so any ways to save money are going to be more than welcome. One area its common to overspend is your mobile phone. You really shouldnt be paying more than 8 or 10 a month, so if youre currently charged 20, thats at least 120 saved a year. And if your bill is ev
102、en higher, the savings will be even bigger. So how do you do this? Here are my quick and simple ways to reduce your bills. Ditch your existing networkThough there seem to be dozens of different mobile networks, there are actually only four different signals. These are provided by the big four of EE,
103、 O2, Three and Vodafone. All the others “piggyback” on one of those, meaning you can find the same signal and coverage (though 5G might not be includedwell come back to that). So theres no need to be scared that changing provider will mean you lose reception. This opens up a raft of (usually) cheape
104、r alternatives. Do you need 5G?The fastest speeds come with 5G coverage, and its tempting to choose a network that offers this. But to take advantage you need two things. A 5G capable phone and for 5G to be set up in your area. If you dont have both of these, then its worth shopping around for a che
105、aper 4G SIM. Dont update your handset. Going SIM-only is a sure fire way to cut costs. By keeping your existing phone for another year or two, youll reduce your monthly payments to just the calls, data and texts allowance. If you do need or want to upgrade, then try to buy it outright. Yes, this cou
106、ld prove costly, but using savings will help you avoid a hidden surcharge many networks add via contracts. Turn off data abroadAs a result of leaving the EU, some of the networks have ditched free mobile roaming (漫游) in Europe. This could lead to very expensive extra charges for using your phone on
107、holiday, so make sure you check the costs levied by your provider when abroad. Some have introduced daily caps, but theyre not always valid outside Europe. And even if you dont actively use your phone when away, many apps are still using data in the background. One easy way to avoid these extras is
108、to turn off data roaming before you leave the country. You should also find out whether youll be charged to receive voicemail messages. If so, turn that off too before you depart.Check youre out of contractThese savings will come when you dont have a contract. That allows you to change your plan or
109、even your network. But if you are still in the midst of a contract that lasts 12, 18, 24 or more months, youll need to wait or face early cancellation charges. Put the date in the diary, and come back to this article to start cutting your bill.48. Changing mobile network provider will not lead to yo
110、ur losing reception because _.A. the cheaper providers are independent of the big four onesB. the cheaper providers rely on the big four ones for signal and coverageC. the alternative providers are equipped with the latest 5G networkD. there is fierce competition among various providers to offer the
111、 best signal49. What may happen if data roaming is still functioning when you are travelling abroad?A. It will turn off automatically when reaching the daily caps.B Many apps will provide useful data in the background free of charge.C. Extra charges are likely to be caused for using your phone abroa
112、d.D. Voicemail messages will be inaccessible due to the improper use of roaming.50. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The more money you spend on your mobile phone, the more surplus (剩余额) you will have.B. A 4G SIM is more affordable and has access to 5G as long as the area i
113、s covered.C. Your costs for many services will be higher if you dont update the handset within a year.D. Canceling a contract ahead of the scheduled period may result in your paying extra charges.【4850题答案】【答案】48. B 49. C 50. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个节约手机费用的简单方法。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据Ditch your existing netw
114、ork部分的“These are provided by the big four of EE, O2, Three and Vodafone. All the others piggyback on one of those, meaning you can find the same signal and coverage. So theres no need to be scared that changing provider will mean you lose reception. This opens up a raft of (usually) cheaper alternat
115、ives. (这些服务由EE、O2、Three和沃达丰这四大公司提供。所有其他的都“依附”在其中一个上，这意味着你可以找到相同的信号和覆盖范围。因此，没有必要担心更换供应商意味着您将失去信号。这开辟了一大批更便宜的替代品)”可知，更换网络供应商不会导致失去信号，因为其他依附四大公司的供应商会提供相同的信号和覆盖范围，而且价格还更便宜。故选B。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据Turn off data abroad部分的“As a result of leaving the EU, some of the networks have ditched free mobile roaming (漫游)
116、 in Europe. This could lead to very expensive extra charges for using your phone on holiday, so make sure you check the costs levied by your provider when abroad. (由于脱离欧盟，一些网络已经放弃了欧洲的免费移动漫游。这可能会导致你在度假时使用手机收取非常昂贵的额外费用，所以当你在国外时，一定要查看提供商收取的费用)”可知，如果在国外旅行时数据漫游继续运行会导致非常昂贵的额外费用。故选C。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据Check yo
117、ure out of contract部分的“But if you are still in the midst of a contract that lasts 12, 18, 24 or more months, youll need to wait or face early cancellation charges. (但如果你的合同持续12个月、18个月、24个月或更长时间，你需要等待，否则将面临提前取消合同的费用)”可知，提前取消合同可能会导致你支付额外费用。故选D。(C)Imagine ordering something online. Then, imagine that i
118、tem being delivered in just a few minutes by a drone. Believe it or not, this may be probable in the near future. Drones have been used by militaries since the 1970s. They refer to them as unmanned aerial vehicles, or UAVs. However, over the last two decades, drone technology has advanced rapidly an
119、d is increasingly available to the public. In fact, drones have already started doing work in many different industries. But is this going to be a good thing or a bad thing?On the plus side, drones can do many things faster and more efficiently than people. For example, during an emergency, drones c
120、an quickly locate injured people by using special cameras. They can also distribute food, water, and medical supplies to people in hard-to-reach or dangerous places. Drones are not just flying vehicles. Some travel on land and sea, and some even work on farms! Selfdriving tractors are being develope
121、d to help out farmers, and flying drones may soon be used to spread seeds. As for the sea, an autonomous sailboat was recently launched to collect data about the ocean and atmosphere. Drones can truly help people in many ways. They are starting to be used in a wide variety of applications, from heal
122、thcare to mining. Even though drones can be very useful, some people believe drones also have some major problems that should be taken into consideration. One of the biggest concerns about drones is privacy. What if a drone enters your house and takes a look around? Depending on local regulations, t
123、here may not be laws preventing drones from doing this. Drone technology is changing so quickly that its hard for governments to keep up!Drones are often used to fly around and collect data. This data is then uploaded to the cloud. Unfortunately, hackers are sometimes able to steal the data when it
124、is being uploaded. Flying drones can also pose a danger to aircraft. Many airports have reported close calls with drones. Drones are not perfect. In the wrong hands, they can be used for criminal purposes, and even as weapons! However, most people think the positives of drone technology outweigh the
125、 negatives. Thus, it is likely that you will be seeing more and more drones in the near future. What is your opinion on drones? Do you think they are worth having around?51. According to the passage, drones can be applied in many areas EXCEPT that_.A. drones can quickly deliver the items you order o
126、nline to your home.B. drones, equipped with special cameras, can detect the location of the injured.C. flying drones can be developed to help farmers spread seeds on a farm.D. drones can unlock the keys to doors and enter the house in case of emergency.52. Which of the following is likely to happen
127、due to the improper use of drones?A. They may help hackers collect confidential data and upload the information to them.B. Airplanes on course may narrowly escaped being crashed into flying drones.C. They may destroy the food supplies before sending them to people in inaccessible areas.D. Drones can
128、 be granted permission from the local government to access private homes.53. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Drones to the rescueB. Drones in fashionC Drones: the flying deliveryD. Drones on the road to ruin【5153题答案】【答案】51 D 52. B 53. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。随着无人机技术的发展，越来越多的
129、无人机出现在人们的生活中，且在各行各业都有应用，这究竟是好还是坏呢？文章讨论了无人机的好处和威胁，并指出无论好坏，我们都将看到更多的无人机。【51题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Then, imagine that item being delivered in just a few minutes by a drone. Believe it or not, this may be probable in the near future. (然后，想象一下，无人机在几分钟内就可以交付该物品。信不信由你，这可能在不久的将来发生)”，第二段的“For example, during an em
130、ergency, drones can quickly locate injured people by using special cameras. They can also distribute food, water, and medical supplies to people in hard-to-reach or dangerous places. (例如，在紧急情况下，无人机可以使用特殊摄像头快速定位受伤人员。他们还可以向难以到达或危险的地方的人们分发食物、水和医疗用品)”，第三段的“Selfdriving tractors are being developed to hel
131、p out farmers, and flying drones may soon be used to spread seeds. (人们正在开发自动驾驶拖拉机来帮助农民，飞行无人机也可能很快被用于播种)”可知，无人机可以用来送快餐，带有特殊摄像头的无人机可以探测受伤人员的位置，飞行无人机可以被开发出来帮助农民在农场播种。D项“无人机可以解锁房门，在紧急情况下进入房屋”文章没有提到。故选D。【52题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Flying drones can also pose a danger to aircraft. Many airports have reported cl
132、ose calls with drones. (无人驾驶飞机也可能对飞机构成威胁。许多机场都报告称曾险些遭遇无人机袭击)”推知，无人机的不当使用可能造成航线上的飞机险些撞上飞行中的无人机。故选B。【53题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，随着无人机技术的发展，越来越多的无人机出现在人们的生活中，且在各行各业都有应用，这究竟是好还是坏呢？文章讨论了无人机的好处和威胁，并指出无论好坏，我们都将看到更多的无人机。结合第一段的“However, over the last two decades, drone technology has advanced rapidly and is increasi
133、ngly available to the public. In fact, drones have already started doing work in many different industries. (然而，在过去的20年里，无人机技术发展迅速，越来越多的人可以使用。事实上，无人机已经开始在许多不同的行业开展工作)”和最后一段的“However, most people think the positives of drone technology outweigh the negatives. Thus, it is likely that you will be seein
134、g more and more drones in the near future. (然而，大多数人认为无人机技术的利大于弊。因此，在不久的将来，你很可能会看到越来越多的无人机)”可知，B项“无人机的流行”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。Section C (6%)Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then choose the sentences that can be filled into the blanks. Note there are two more sentences than can be used. The Tragic St
135、ory Behind Pablo Picassos MasterpieceWhat would be the best way today to protest against a war? How could you influence the largest number of people? In 1937, the Spanish artist Pablo Picasso expressed his anger at war with Guernica, his muralsized painting displayed to millions of visitors at the P
136、aris Worlds Fair. It has since become the 20th centurys most powerful indictment(控诉)against war, a painting that still feels intensely relevant today. Much of the paintings emotional power comes from its overwhelming size, about 3. 49 meters tall and 7.76 meters wide. Guernica is not a painting you
137、observe with 6; spatial detachment(空间上的超然)._54_. And although the size and multiple figures reference the long tradition of European history paintings, this painting is different because it challenges rather than accepts the idea of war as heroic. Guernica is based on the events of April 27, 1937, w
138、hen Adolf Hilters powerful German air force bombed the village of Guernica in northern Spain, a city of no strategic military value. For over three hours, 25 bombers dropped 100,000 pounds of explosives and bombs on the village. Twenty more fighter planes strafed (低空扫射)and killed defenseless civilia
139、ns trying to escape. The destruction was horrifying: Fires burned for three days, and 70 percent of the city was destroyed. A third of the population, 1,600 civilians, were wounded or killed. On May 1, 1937, news of the bombing reached Paris._55_. After hundreds of sketches, the painting was done in
140、 less than a month and then delivered to the Fairs Spanish Pavilion. The entire pavilion shocked the world into confronting the suffering of the Spanish people. On first glance, Guernicas composition appears confused, throwing the viewer into the midst of intensely violent action. The space is ambig
141、uous (不明确的)with the shifting perspectives and multiple viewpoints characteristic of Picassos earlier Cubist style._56_. However, there is in fact a visual order. Picasso balances the composition by organizing the figures into three vertical (垂直的) groupings moving left to right, while the center figu
142、res are stabilized within a large triangle of light. There has been almost endless debate about the meaning of the images in Guernica. When questioned about its possible symbolism, Picasso said, “It isnt up to the painter to define the symbols. Otherwise, it would be better if he wrote them out in w
143、ords. The public who look at the picture must interpret the symbols as they understand them.”_57_. Perhaps it is that very ambiguity, or the fact that cruel wars continue to be fought, that keeps Guernica as timeless and universally relatable today as it was in 1937.A. In the end, the painting does
144、not appear to have one exclusive meaning.B. This technique further demonstrates the boundaries of fragmented figures, explicating what is reality and what is illusion.C. It feels like it wraps around you, immersing you in its larger-than-life figures and action.D. Images overlap and intersect, makin
145、g it hard to distinguish their boundaries.E. As compensation, Picasso was provided with a studio in Paris large enough to accommodate the enormous canvas on which to create the work.F. Picasso, sympathetic to the government of his homeland, was horrified by the reports of devastation and death.【5457
146、题答案】【答案】54. C 55. F 56. D 57. A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了毕加索的杰作Guernica背后的悲剧故事，以及这张画作的特点和象征意义的定义。【54题详解】上文“Much of the paintings emotional power comes from its overwhelming size, about 3.49 meters tall and 7.76 meters wide. Guernica is not a painting you observe with spatial detachment (这幅画的情感力量很大程度上来自于
147、它压倒性的大小，大约高3.49米，宽7.76米。格尔尼卡不是一幅你以空间分离的方式观察的画 )”，C项“It feels like it wraps around you, immersing you in its larger-than-life figures and action. (感觉就像它包裹着你，让你沉浸在它的传奇人物和行动中。)”，上文用具体的数字描述这张画的的宏大，C项则是从欣赏者的角度来进一步阐述，仰望这个巨幅作品，会给人身历其境的感觉。语意连贯顺畅。故选C项。【55题详解】上文“On May 1, 1937, news of the bombing reached Par
148、is.(1937年5月1日，爆炸的消息传到了巴黎。)”，F项“Picasso, sympathetic to the government of his homeland, was horrified by the reports of devastation and death.(毕加索，同情他的祖国的政府，对破坏和死亡的报道感到震惊。)”，F项中的the reports即上文的news of the bombing，语意连贯一直。故选F项。【56题详解】上文“The space is ambiguous (不明确的) with the shifting perspectives and m
149、ultiple viewpoints characteristic of Picassos earlier Cubist style. (空间是模糊的，具有毕加索早期立体主义风格的转换视角和多视角特征。)”，D项“Images overlap and intersect, making it hard to distinguish their boundaries. (图像的重叠和交叉，很难区分它们的边界。)”，下文“However, there is in fact a visual order. Picasso balances the composition by organizing
150、the figures into three vertical (垂直的) groupings moving left to right, while the center figures are stabilized within a large triangle of light. (然而，实际上有一个视觉上的顺序。 毕加索通过将人物组织成从左到右的三个垂直组来平衡构图，而中间的人物则固定在一个大三角形的光线中。)”，上文和D项表述人们初看这幅作品时，觉得此画空间模糊，图像重叠交叉，下文则为转折，解读了这幅作品中的人物分布的规律性，语意连贯。故选D项。【57题详解】上文“There has
151、 been almost endless debate about the meaning of the images in Guernica.When questioned about its possible symbolism, Picasso said, It isnt up to the painter to define the symbols. Otherwise, it would be better if he wrote them out in words. The public who look at the picture must interpret the symb
152、ols as they understand them. (关于格尔尼卡中人物形象的意义，人们争论不休。当被问及它可能的象征意义时，毕加索说：定义象征意义不是画家的事。否则，用文字写出来会更好。看到这幅画的民众必须用他们理解的方式解释这些象征意义。)”，A项“In the end, the painting does not appear to have one exclusive meaning. (最后，这幅画似乎并没有唯一的意义。)”，上文表明“不同的人对这幅画有不同的解读”，与A项意思相同。故选A项。第II卷(21分)I. Fill in the blanks with the pro
153、per forms of the given verbs. (4%)58. His work experience helped him stand out in the interview and he_(admit) to Hangzhou Normal University. (所给词的适当形式填空)【58题答案】【答案】was admitted【解析】【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：他的工作经历让他在面试中脱颖而出，并被杭州师范大学录取。他是被杭州师范大学录取，由“helped”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were done，主语he
154、是第三人称单数，因此空格处是was admitted。故填was admitted。59. Chinas dynamic zero-COVID policy, _(feature) swift response and mass screening, has prevented mass deaths. (所给词的适当形式填空)【59题答案】【答案】 featuring【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国动态的“零冠肺炎”政策，以快速反应和大规模筛查为特色，避免了大规模死亡。根据句意和所给词汇，句子的谓语动词为has prevented，故设空处应用非谓语动词，所给动词feature意为
155、“以为特色，以为主要内容”，与逻辑主语Chinas dynamic zero-COVID policy之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词形式，作状语。故填featuring。60. No one is reported_(die) after a 5. 4-magnitude earthquake jolted Northwest Chinas Qinghai province last Friday. (所给词的适当形式填空)【60题答案】【答案】to have died【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在上周五，中国西北部的青海省发生5.4级地震， 据报道没有人死亡。根据句子结构和句意，设空
156、处考查句型“be reported+动词不定式”，表示“据说/传闻”；根据由after引导的时间状语，设空处应用不定式的完成式，表示从上周五地震开始，持续到谓语report的时间段的状态，作主语的补语，且die无被动语态。故填to have died。61. The event _(broadcast) live next Friday morning will honor those who have made outstanding contributions in this field. (所给词的适当形式填空)【61题答案】【答案】to be broadcast#to be broad
157、casted【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：将于下星期五上午现场直播的活动将向那些在这一领域做出杰出贡献的人们致敬。根据句意和句子结构，句子的谓语动词为honor，所以设空处为非谓语动词；根据时间next Friday morning，应用动词不定式的形式，表将来；所给词broadcast与逻辑主语The event之间为动宾关系，应用动词不定式的被动结构，作后置定语；broadcast的过去分词为broadcast或者broadcasted。故填to be broadcast/ to be broadcasted。III. Translation (17%: 3%+3%+3%+4%+4
158、%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 62. 这还能让他们开阔眼界，遇到他们以前从未想过的新机遇和工作机会。(默写句)(汉译英)【62题答案】【答案】It can also allow them to broaden their horizons and encounter the new opportunities and job offers which never occurred to them before.【解析】【详解
159、】考查情态动词、动词短语，名词短语和定语从句。“能”表达为情态动词can，后接动词原形；“使做”表达为allow sb to do sth，作谓语；“开阔眼界”表达为broaden ones horizon；“遇到”表达为encounter；“新机遇和工作机会”表达为new opportunities and job offers；“开阔眼界”和“遇到新机遇和工作机会”以不定式的形式作宾语的补语；“以前未想过”表达为never occur to sb before，此处用关系代词which引导限定性定语从句，修饰“新机遇和工作机会”，根据“以前”从句应用一般过去时态。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为
160、：It can also allow them to broaden their horizons and encounter the new opportunities and job offers which never occurred to them before.63. 当地人担心他们的语言和文化正日益受到威胁。(threaten)(汉译英)【63题答案】【答案】Locals worry about that their language and culture are increasingly being threatened.【解析】【详解】考查动词、名词和语态。表示“当地人”应
161、用Locals；“担心”用动词worry about，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“当地人担心.”为主句，表示为Locals worry about that.；“他们的语言和文化正日益受到威胁”写成宾语从句，放在worry about后面，表示“语言和文化”短语为language and culture；表示“日益”应用increasingly；表示“正受到威胁”应用现在完成时的被动，即am/is/are being done，从句主语是复数，应用are being threatened。故翻译为Locals worry about that their language and
162、culture are increasingly being threatened。64. 村民们清楚地记得，那天欧洲人来了，并且控制了他们的狩猎地。(when; control n. )(汉译英)【64题答案】【答案】The villagers clearly remember the day when the Europeans arrived and controlled/took control of their hunting grounds.【解析】【详解】考查时态、动词短语、名词短语、副词和定语从句。主句陈述现在的事实，谓语动词用一般现在时态；“村民们”表达为the villag
163、ers，作主语；“清楚地记得那天”表达为clearly remember the day，所以主句为The villagers clearly remember the day；the day后接定语从句，陈述过去发生的事，从句用一般过去时态；“欧洲人”表达为the Europeans，作从句的主语；“来”表达为arrive；“控制”，根据所给词汇control，可用动词control或者短语take control of，与动词arrive并列，作从句的谓语动词；“狩猎地”表达为名词短语hunting ground，作“控制”的宾语；从句的主谓宾结构完整，先行词the day在从句中作时间状
164、语，所以应用when作关系副词，所以从句为when the Europeans arrived and controlled/took control of their hunting grounds.。结合其他汉语提示，故整句翻译为：The villagers clearly remember the day when the Europeans arrived and controlled/took control of their hunting grounds.65. 得知该学生没钱完成学业，这位热心的老师毫不犹豫地给了他财政支持。(afford) (汉译英)【65题答案】【答案】Kn
165、owing that the student could not afford to finish his studies, the warm-hearted teacher did not hesitate to give him financial support.【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句、现在分词、时态和固定短语。分析句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“得知”用现在分词作状语，是knowing，其后跟that引导的宾语从句，“该学生没钱完成学业”翻译为the student could not afford to finish his studies，“这位热心的老师”
166、是the warm-hearted teacher，“毫不犹豫地做某事”是did not hesitate to do，“给了他财政支持”是give him financial support。因此全句译为：Knowing that the student could not afford to finish his studies, the warm-hearted teacher did not hesitate to give him financial support.66. 尽管互联网在获得一手资料方面带来的便利，合格的记者应该擅长辨别新闻的真伪。(Despite) (汉译英)【66
167、题答案】【答案】Despite the convenience of the Internet in accessing primary sources, a qualified journalist should be good at identifying true or false news.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和介词。“尽管”是despite，“互联网的便利”是the convenience of the Internet，“在获得一手资料方面”是in accessing primary sources，“合格的记者”是a qualified journalist，“应该”是should，“擅长做某事”是be good at doing，“辨别新闻的真伪”用动名词作宾语，是identifying true or false news，因此整句话翻译为Despite the convenience of the Internet in accessing primary sources, a qualified journalist should be good at identifying true or false news.
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