1、A LETTER HOMEUnit 4 ReadingRead the explanation and speak out the word it explains.to take part in or become involved in an activity muddyadj.泥泞的；泥土般的covered by or containing mud platformn.台；平台；讲台；月台a long flat raised structure at a railway station,where people get on and off trains conceptn.观念；概念a
2、principle or idea participatevi.参与；参加fortnighta period of two weeks n.两星期remoteadj.遥远的；偏僻的far away in distance,time or relation the covering that forms the top of a building,vehicle,etc roofn.屋顶；车顶adjustvt.&vi.调整；（使）适合to change something slightly,especially to make it more correct,effective,or suita
3、ble rectangularn.矩形；长方形rectangleadj.长方形的；矩形的a flat shape with four 90 angles and four sides,with opposite sides of equal length weeklyadj.&adv.每周（的）happening once a week or every week connected with what is happening or being discussed a book that contains detailed information about a subject for pe
4、ople who are studying that subject relevantadj.有关的；切题的textbookn.教科书；课本paperworkn.文书工作the part of a job which involves writing letters and reports and keeping recordssniffvt.&vi.嗅；闻；用鼻子吸to smell something by taking air in through your nose privilegen.特权；特别优待an advantage that only one person or group
5、of people has,usually because of their position or because they are rich someone whose job is to change what someone else is saying into another language interpretern.作口译的人otherwiseconj.否则；不然adv.用别的方法；其他方面used after an order or suggestion to show what the result will be if you do not follow that ord
6、er or suggestion hear from(be)dying tothe other daydry outdry up极想;渴望接到的信(指河流、井等)干涸(使浸水等之物)完全变干;干透不久前的一天Match Independent State of Papua New GuineaThe mainland of Papua New Guinea together with its six hundred other islandshas a population of approximately 5.9 million.There are over seven hundredlan
7、guage groups,reflecting the different origins of the people.Some 85 percent of the population directly derive their livelihood from farming,and 15 percentof the population live in urban areas.General InformationSkimming to get general ideasSkimmingReading Comprehension IWhats the main idea of the te
8、xt?Jo wrote a letter to her friend Rosemary to talk about her experience as a volunteer teacher in Papua New Guinea.SkimmingReading Comprehension II1.The condition of Jos school is _.A.normal B.first class C.simple and rough2.The attitude of Tombes family towards Jo and Jennys visit is _.A.indiffere
9、nt B.enthusiastic C.dislikeCareful reading to solve difficult points1.hear from sb.收到某人的信=receive a letter from sb.I look forward to hearing from you.I heard from her last month.注意：hear from后面只能接表示人的名词或代词，不可接letter作为它的宾语。hear of/about=to be told about sth./sb.听说；得知She disappeared and was never heard
10、 of again.与hear 相关的短语:hear about 听到关于.的消息hear from 收到的来信hear of 听说,听到hear sb.do sth.听见某人做了某事hear sb.doing sth.听见某人正在做某事2.be dying to do/for sth.渴望做某事；迫切想要She is dying to go abroad.我极想出国。Im dying for a glass of water.他很渴望喝杯水。3.relevant (adj)relevantly(adv)“有关的；有实际价值(重要性)的”反义词：irrelevant be relevant t
11、o “与有关”=be connected with have sth to do with The work of this kind is not relevant to sex.这种工作与性别无关。4.adjust vi.&vt.调整；使适合adjust the watch 把表拨准adjust the errors 校正误差Can you adjust it?你可不可以把它调整一下？Please adjust the volume.那么就请您调一下音量吧。adjust oneself to.使自己适应adapt&adjust adapt(oneself)to 适应;适合You shoul
12、d adapt yourself to the new environment.你应该适应新环境。adjust 适应;调整;调节;使之适应 adjust(oneself)to=adapt(oneself)to 适应He adjusted his tie before entering the hall.5.dry adj.干燥的vt.使变干;把弄干dry out become/make dry (使)变干;干透Water the plant regularly,never letting the soil dry out经常给植物浇水，别让土壤干透了。dry up(of rivers,lake
13、s,etc.)become completely dry(河流等)干涸；(使)枯竭The clothes will soon dry up in the wind.这衣服经风一吹很快就会干的。The writers long separation from social life dried up his imagination长期脱离社会生活使这位作家的想象力枯竭了。1.I know youre dying to hear all about my 2.life here,so Ive included some photos 3.which will help you picture th
14、e places I 4.talk about.5.我知道你急于了解我在这儿的生活情况，6.因此我在信封里放了一些能够帮助你想象7.出我所讲述的地方的照片。句中so是连词，引导的是结果状语从句。课文难句精析而该从句中含有两个定语从句：一个是由关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句，修饰、限定先行词photos；另一个是省略了关系代词which/that的限制性定语从句，修饰、限定先行词places。主句中含有一个省略了连词that的宾语从句，该从句作know的宾语。【拓展】结果状语从句表结果，主要由so(that),so that,such.that,that,with the result
15、that等引导。结果状语从句皆置于主句之后。2.Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students,most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.有时候，我真想知道，化学对这些孩子究竟有多大用处，他们中的大多数人学完八年以后就要回到他们的村庄去了。句中how为连接副词，引导一个宾语从句。该从句作wonder的宾语。该从句中含有一个由关系代词whom引导的非限制性定语从句。【拓展】“名词/代词/数词/形容词介词关系代词which/
16、whom”引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语时，要注意谓语动词的数的问题。用于这个结构的代词主要有：both,some,several,most,all等，而其后的介词多用of。其中形容词多用其比较级或最高级形式，因为形容词前有定冠词the，实际上这个形容词相当于名词。Find the main idea of each partTry to divide it into four parts,and summarize what each part is about.Part 1(Paragraph 1):Part 2(Paragraphs 2-3):Part 3(Paragraphs
17、4-8):Part 4(Paragraph 9):Jos school and her teaching work.Jos visit to Tombes home in the village.Introducing the topic Jos life in PNG.Part 1(Paragraph 1):Part 2(Paragraphs 2-3):Part 3(Paragraphs 4-8):Part 4(Paragraph 9):End of the letter.Scanning to get detail informationComplete the sentences wit
18、h the characters mentioned in the letter:1._ was dying to hear all about 2.Jos life in Papua New Guinea.2._ walked a long way to get to the school.3._ didnt have any textbooks.4._ started jumping out of the windows during a chemistry experiment.RosemaryThe boysThe boys and JoscanningReading Comprehe
19、nsion IIIThe boys5._ visited a village that was the home of one of the boys,Tombe.6._ started crying“ieee ieee”to welcome them.7._ led us to a low bamboo hut.8._ was going to share the platform with Jenny and Jo.9._ softly talked to each other in their language Jo didnt understand.Jenny and JoKiakMu
20、kapKiakTombes familyl.Why does Jo call the school where she teaches a bush school?A.Because the school was built in a bush.B.Because the classrooms are made from bamboo and the roofs from grass.C.Because there is nothing but bush around the school.D.Because students in that school use bush as their
21、names.scanningReading Comprehension IV2.Which of the following statements is true?A.There is no electricity but enough water at school.B.I can become used to the school s condition easily.C.The students there often do chemistry experiments.D.We have neither textbooks nor any experiment equipment.3.W
22、hich of the following sentences is wrong about Mukap s house?A.There were no windows and the doorway was just big enough to get through.B.The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.C.Fresh grass had been laid on the floor but there was an old platform.D.There was a fireplace in t
23、he centre of the hut near the doorway.Read Jos letter again and look at her photos.Then complete the table below.Types of housesDiet Family relationshipsPossessionsCooking methodsAgricultureSleeping arrangementsBeliefsscanningReading Comprehension VTypes of housesDiet Small,round,made of bamboo,gras
24、s roofs;mens huts have grass sticking out of the top of the roof,no windows(men and women have separate huts);small doorway,floor covered with fresh grassSweet potato,corn,greens,banana leaves,peanutsFamily relation-shipsPosse-ssionsLarge extended families(Everyone seemed to be a relative of Tombes.
25、)Not many-one broom,a few tin plates and cups,a couple of potsCooking methodsAgricul-tureHot stones are placed in an oil drum,then vegetables are placed in the drum,covered with banana leaves and steamed.Tools are very basic eg a digging stick.(there is no machinery.)Sleeping arrange-mentsBeliefsA n
26、ew sleeping platform for the guests,Kiakusually slept in her own hutThe villagers believe in evil spirits.They believe that leftover food attracts evil spirits so they dry it out in a can over the fire.Then the can is thrown out of the hut.Find or guess the reasons for three facts according to Jos l
27、etter.Fact ReasonThe boys jumped out of the windows in the science lesson.Jo wondered how relevant chemistry was to the boys.Tombes mother cried“ieeeieee”when she saw Jo.There were no windows in Mukaps hut.The tin can was standing upside down on the grill.scanning Reading Comprehension VI FactReason
28、The boys jumped out of the windows in the science lesson.Jo wondered how relevant chemistry was to the boys.Tombes mother cried“ieee ieee”when she saw Jo.Because they were frightened;they had never seen anything like it before.Because most of them would live all their lives as farmers.It was her way
29、 to welcome visitors to the village and she drew everyones attention to their arrival.Fact Reason There were no windows in Mukaps hut.The tin can was standing upside down on the grill.Perhaps its because that was a mans house.The tin can was used to dry out the leftover food,which might attract evil
30、 spirits,so the tin can was thrown out of the hut.What do you think are the positive and negative things about living in a village in Papua New Guinea?Give your reasons.The first one is done for you.Positive aspects Negative aspects1 Boys value education 1 No running water or electricity223344scanni
31、ng Reading Comprehension VII Positive aspects Negative aspects1 Boys value education.1 No running water or electricity.2 Everyone would know each other.2 The village might be cut off from the outside world and might not have roads to and from it.Positive aspects Negative aspects3 The village does no
32、t have to rely on outside sources for food.3 The village might not have a school so students might have to walk a long way to the closest school.4 People can live without many possessions.4 There might not be any medical services close by.1.Would you like to go to a school like the one described in
33、the letter?Give reasons.2.What are the differences between the school you go to and the one described in the letter?Discussion3.Jo felt it was a privilege to have spent a day with Tombes family.If you were Jo how do you think you would have felt?Give reasons.4.Why do you think Jo became a volunteer
34、in PNG?Give as many possible reasons as you can.Would you like to work as a volunteer in a poor area?Why?QuizI.Complete the following sentences with II.proper words.1.Colour and sex are hardly r_ when appointing someone to a post.2.A_ to the climate there was more difficult than they had expected.3.
35、Everybody in the class is expected to p_ in this discussion.4.They walked along the country roads which were _(泥泞的).elevantdjustingarticipatemuddy5.She cant grasp the basic _ (概念)of mathematics.6.Mail comes to this _(偏僻的)village only once a week.7.Parking in this street is the _ (特权)of the residents
36、 here.8.He insisted three years is not enough for a good _(作口译的人).9.He picked up the b_ to help me sweep the floor.conceptsremoteprivilegeinterpreterroomII.Complete the following sentences without changing their meanings.1.I havent received any letter from my elder brother studying abroad up to the
37、present.I havent _ my elder brother studying abroad up to the present.2.I am eager to get back home early.I am _ get back home early.heard fromdying to3.Sam left home two weeks ago and we havent received any letter from him since.Sam left home _ ago and we havent received any letter from him since.4
38、.You have to go now or youll miss the train.You have to go now,_ youll miss the train.a fortnightotherwiseIII.Translation1.Ive included some photos _ _(能够帮助你想象出)the places I talk about.2.The boys _ _(以前从来没有见过这种情况)started jumping out of the windows.who had never come across anything like this before
39、which will help you picture3.Her two sons,_ (都在国外工作),ring her up every week.4.He sat behind me then _ _(所以我看不见他脸上的表情).(so that)5.The machine must _ (每周检查).6.The sun will soon _ (把马路晒干).be checked weeklysee the expression on his faceso that I couldntboth of whom work abroaddry up the roads7.I am _ (很
40、想知道发生了什么事).8.Helen _ (那天借走了我的书),saying that she would return it soon.9.He _ (很快使自己适应了)the heat of the country.10.Everyone in the class is expected to _(参加讨论).dying to know what happenedborrowed my book the other dayadjusted himself very quickly toparticipate in the discussion1.Read the passage again after class and find all the attributive clauses in it.2.发挥想象，连词成文(50-100字).Homeworkrelevant,remote,the other day,concept,(be)dying to,adjust,hear from,otherwise.
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