1、制作：江西省上高二中2011届毕业生高三（9）班王涵版权所有：江西省上高二中联系QQ：747577328上高二中圆梦你我他！【定义】主语和谓语有两种顺序。主语前称为自然语序;反之,谓语在主语之前,我们称之为倒装(Inversion)【形式】倒装的形式有两种:形式1:将主语和谓语完全倒装叫做完全倒装(Complete Inversion)。eg:Gone are the days when we lived a poor life.我们过贫穷日子的时代一去不复返了。形式2:只将助动词(包括情态动词)移至主语前,叫做部分倒装(Partial Inversion)。eg:Not a single a
2、 book did I read this weak.本周我一本书也没读。【语义功能】倒装的语义功能有两种,一是语法倒装,二是修辞倒装。前者出于语法上的需要,非用倒装不可;后者倒装则有选择性,是出于表达某种修辞效果。一.语法倒装【牛刀小试】观察下列句子的特点,试着将其翻译,并归纳总结特点。(One by one)1.How soon will the tourists be back to China?(游客多久将返回中国?)2.There rose a red sun over the hills.(太阳升起在山巅上)3.Wheat is growing very nicely here,s
3、o is rice.(这里的小麦长得很好,水稻也是)4.Had I time,I would of course help you.(如果我有时间,我当然会帮助你)5.Be he sick or well,he works entirely hard.(无论是生病还是身体健康,他都会卖命地工作)6.The harder you work,the more progress you will make.(你越努力,取得的进步就越大)【归纳总结】1.一般疑问句的倒装,将助动词置于主语之前,构成语法倒装;以疑问词为宾语、表语或状语的特殊疑问句需要将疑问词置于句首,将助动词置于主语前。Eg：How s
4、oon will the tourists be back to China?2.以引导词there/here引起的陈述句,系动词或实义动词置于主语之前。Eg：There rose a red sun over the hills.3.so作“也”讲时,表达后面提到的事实与前面一致,它引导的句子用倒装语序。Eg：Wheat is growing very nicely here,so is rice.4.虚拟条件句中,如含有were，had，should等,且省略if时,也常用倒装。Eg：Had I time,I would of course help you.5.省略whether的虚拟让
5、步状语从句中,若是系动词,则把系动词放在主语前面。若表语是名词,则去掉其前面的不定冠词。Eg：Be he sick or well,he works entirely hard.6.在“the+比较级the+比较级”句型中,“the+比较级”应置于句首,构成特殊的倒装。Eg：The harder you work,the more progress you will make.二.修辞倒装【牛刀小试】观察下列句子的特点,试着将其翻译,并归纳总结特点。(One by one)1.Only lately did I see the professor on campus.(只是最近我才在校园见到这
6、位教授)2.Hardly had I picked up the phone when he hung up.(我还未来得及拿起电话他就挂了)3.So unreasonable was his price that everybody was startled.(他的要价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌)4.On the ground lay some air conditioners,which were to be shipped to some other cities.(地上放着一些空调,等着用船运到其他城市去)5.Such would be our home in the future.(
7、我们将来的家就是这个样子)6.Here is the letter you have been looking forward to.(我盼望已久的信在这儿)【归纳总结】1.only+状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装。Eg：Only lately did I see the professor on campus.2.not,little,hardly,scarcely,no more,no longer,in no way,never,seldom,not only,no sooner等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首时,句子用部分倒装。Eg：Hardly had I picked up
8、 the phone when he hung up.3.so/suchthat结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句,表示强调so/such和that之间的部分。当“to such+名词”置于句首时,也引起倒装。Eg：So unreasonable was his price that everybody was startled.4.以作状语的介词短语开头:当主语较长或主语所带修饰语较长时,为了使句子平衡,常将状语置于句首,句子用完全倒装。Eg：On the ground lay some air conditioners,which were to be shipped to
9、some other cities.5.以表语开头的句子:有时为了把较长的主语放在后面,需将表语和谓语都提到主语前。Eg：Such would be our home in the future.6.以副词here,there开头的句子,也采用完全倒装来保持句子平衡。Eg：Here is the letter you have been looking forward to.实题演练一.教材撷英(新课标必修五P29)运用倒装语序改写下列句子。1.You will see so many seats only at a stadium in Beijing.(Only at a stadium
10、in Beijing will you see so many seats.)2.I have seldom seen a situation which made me so angry.(Seldom have I seen a situation which made me so angry.)3.He gave a lot of presents to his friends,but he has never given one to me.(Never has he given a present to me though he gave a lots of to his frien
11、ds.)4.I have never read such an exciting report before.(Never before have I read such an exciting report.)5.She took part in a horse riding competition,and did not miss a jump once.(Not once did she miss a jump when she took part in a horse riding competition.)3 年 高 考 1.(2008江西，31)It was announced t
12、hat only when the fire was under control to return to their homes Athe residents would be permitted Bhad the residents been permitted Cwould the residents be permitted Dthe residents had been permitted【答案】C【解析】句意为：据宣布，只有在火势被控制住的时候居民们才被允许回到家中。that从句中only引导的时间状语从句位于句首，that从句需用部分倒装结构。3 年 高 考2.(2008陕西，7
13、)Not until the motorbike looked almost new repairing and cleaning it.A.he stopped B.did he stopC.stopped he D.he did stop【答案】B【解析】not until位于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。3.(2008重庆，26)Only when I left my parents for Italy how much I loved them.A.I realizedB.I had realizedC.had I realizedD.did I realize【答案】D【解析】考查部分倒
14、装。“only+状语”放于句首时主句用部分倒装。3 年 高 考4.(2008辽宁，35)Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason，and _.A.I was neither B.neither was IC.I was either D.either was I【答案】B【解析】表示“某人也不时”，应该用“neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”。5.(2008江苏，32)you eat the correct foods be able to keep fit and stay healthy.A.Only
15、 if;will youB.Only if;you willC.Unless;will youD.Unless;you will【答案】A【解析】only if位于句首时，主句应用部分倒装形式。3 年 高 考6.(2009福建，25)For a moment nothing happened Thenall shouting together.A.voices had come B.came voicesC.voices would come D.did voices come【答案】B【解析】副词then位于句首，且当句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装句。7.(2009湖南，32)You a
16、nd I could hardly work together,?A.could you B.couldnt I C.couldnt we D.could we【答案】D【解析】反义疑问句的用法。根据陈述部分是肯定形式，疑问部分用否定形式；反之。陈述部分中含有否定词hardly，故疑问部分用肯定形式，主语是you and I。3 年 高 考8.(2009海南，31)The computer was used in teaching.As a result,not only _,but students became more interested in the lessons.A.saved
17、was teachers energy B.was teachers energy savedC.teachers energy was saved D.was saved teachers energy【答案】B【解析】考查“not only.but also.”，放在句首作状语，句子则进行部分倒装。前一部分倒装，后一部分不倒装。9.(2009山东，27)So sudden _that the enemy had no time to escape.A.did the attack B.the attack didC.was the attack D.the attack was【答案】C3
18、 年 高 考10.(2009陕西，18)Little about her own safety,though she was in great danger herself.A.did Rose care B.Rose did careC.Rose does care D.does Rose care 【答案】A【解析】little是具有否定意义的词，位于句首时句子用部分倒装句，选A。11.(2009陕西，18)Not until I came home last night to bed.A.Mum did go B.did Mum go C.went Mum D.Mum went 【答案】
19、B【解析】倒装语序的用法。not until 位于句首时要用半倒装的句型，把助动词did提到主语Mum的前面。3 年 高 考12.(2009重庆，33)Unsatisfied _with the payment,he took the job just to get some work experience.A.though was he B.though he wasC.he was though D.was he though 【答案】B13.(2010江西，33)Not until he left his home _ to know how important the family w
20、as for him.A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun【答案】A【解析】not until放在句首要用部分倒装,翻译为直到,所以begin发生在left之后或同时发生。3 年 高 考14.(2010四川，9)We laugh at jokes，but seldomabout how they workAwe think Bthink we Cwe do think Ddo we think【答案】D【解析】seldom为否定副词放句首，用部分倒装，故选D。句意为“我们因笑话而笑，但很少去思考笑话怎样让我们笑。”15.
21、(2010江苏，33)Is everyone here?Not yetLook,there_ the rest of our guests!A.come B.comes C.is coming D.are coming【答案】A【解析】谓语动词根据后面的主语。3 年 高 考16.(2010重庆，33)At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River_,one of the ten largest cities in China.A.lies Chongqing B.Chongqing liesC.does lie C
22、hongqing D.does Chongqing lie【答案】A【解析】表示方位的地点状语提前，句子完全倒装。17.(2010湖北，71)Only if people of all the countries are united _（我们才能解决）the existing problems in the world.(solve)【答案】will we be able to solve/can we solve.The End Thanks for your support！You will have a good day！You will have a good night！Hard-working，and you will succeed！And you will have a good dream！Tonight，peaceful，beautiful！【编辑】愛卍【联系QQ】747577328
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