高中英语语法 主谓一致（27张PPT）.ppt

1、GrammarSubject-Verb Agreement主谓一致The boy _ diving.They _ diving.Both Jack and Tim _ diving.All of them _ diving.Neither Jack nor Tim _ walking.isareareisareFinish the following exercises:Bob Bob _ a worker.isMikeMike and Bob _ workers.areBoth Mike and Bob _workers.areNeither Mike nor Bob _a teacher.

2、isBill Neither of them _(know)how to teach English.knows/knowAll of them _ workers.None of them _(know)how to teach English.areknows/know主谓一致主谓一致是指谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词保持一致。二、意义一致三、就近原则一、语法一致Subjectverb Agreement 主谓一致主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：1.and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候,谓语动词有以下两种情况：(1)He and I

3、_both students of this school.如果指两个或两个以上不同的人或事物的时候,谓语动词用复数。语法一致原则are(2)但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同一个人或物,或者指同一概念的时候,谓语要用单数。The singer and dancer_ going to give us a performance.The knife and fork _on the table.isis表整体概念的并列结构：bread and butter a knife and fork the writer and poet iron and steel a watch and chain

4、a cart and horse2.如果主语是不定式,动词ing形式或主语从句的时候,谓语动词用单数。What he is doing _(seem)very important.Collecting stamps _(be)his hobby.seemsis3.定语从句的关系代词who,which,that在从句中作主语时，从句动词要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。Those who enjoy singing may join us.Tom,who _ your friend,should help you.is4.主语后有with,along with,together with,as we

5、ll as,rather than,besides,except,like,without,but,including 等词或短语时,谓语动词的形式不受这些短语的影响（就远原则）。例如：The teacher,together with his students,is planting trees in the street.either.or,neither.nor,notbut,not only.but also在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。就近原则Neither you nor I _(be)wrong.There _ a cup o

6、f tea and some apples on the table.amis意义一致原则所谓意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的语法形式,而是其实际意义。有的主语名词在形式上是单数,但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数,但在意义上却是单数。1.不定代词all,some,any,none,neither作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。All of the apples _rotten.所有的苹果都烂了。All of the apple _rotten.整个苹果都烂了。areisNone of the money_ left.没有剩下一点钱。is2.分数、百分数或the re

7、st of;half of;part of+n/pron作主语时,谓语动词与of后面的名词/代词保持一致。Half of the students _（have）finished their composition.Half of the apple _bad.About 60 percent of the students in ourschool _boys.haveisare3.集合名词作主语,动词可用单数,也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时,动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有family,class,group,team,government,p

8、opulation 等。His family _going out.他们全家要外出。His family _all music lovers.他们全家人都是音乐爱好者。isare4.某些名词如people,police,cattle等,形式上是单数,但意义上是复数,谓语动词应用复数。people指“民族”时是例外。The police are searching for a thief.The cattle are eating grass on the hill.5.表示成双成套的名词如trousers,scissors,shoes,socks,glasses 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式

9、,但当它们与a pair of 或pairs of连用时,谓语动词与pair的数保持一致。如:The shoes are worn out.鞋子破了。The pair of shoes is worn out.这双鞋破了。6.某些以s结尾的学科、国名、书刊名如maths,politics,the United States,the New Times,Great Expectations,news等，谓语动词应用单数。Physics is a very interesting subject.Roots is a famous American novel.7.不定代词someone,some

10、body,something,anyone,anybody,anything,everyone,everybody,everything,no one,nobody,nothing,each等作主语,谓语动词要用单数。Someone wants to see you.Nothing is found in the room.8.every.and every.;each.and each.;no.and no.;many aand many a 在以上短语中and连接的单数名词,整个短语在句中作主语时,谓语动词常使用单数。Every doctor and every nurse wasgive

11、n a new shirt.Many a boy and many a girl _(have)made the same mistake.has 9.many a,more than one与单数名词组成的短语,谓语用单数。Many a boy has seen it.10.时间、距离、金钱、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。Thirty years _(be)not a long time.is 11.以a number of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数;以the number of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数。A number of new books_ on the desk.

12、The number of students in you class _ 50.areisTask1 Choose the correct verb form to complete the following sentences.1.Our family _(is/are)not poor any more.2.The class _(have/has)disagreed among themselves about where they should go and have a picnic.3.A poet and artist _(is/are)coming to speak to

13、us about Chinese literature and painting this afternoon.ishaveis4.Not only you but also he _(is/are)wrong.5.Neither you nor he _(is/are)right.6.There _(is/are)two shops and a cinema beside the railway station.7.He is the only one of the students who _(has/have)passed the exam.isisarehas1.To finish t

14、he work _ hard work.A.needsB.need C.needing2.Many a man_ the story.A.believes B.believe C.believing3.The teacher as well as the students _ the book alreadyA.are reading B.is reading C.has read D.have readTask2 Choose the correct item.AAC4.Only half of the work_ done yesterday.A.is B.was C.are D.were

15、5.When and where to build the new factory _ yet.A.has not decided B.have not decided C.has not been decided D.have not been decidedBC1.这是今年出版的最畅销的小说之一.(come out)This is one of the best novels that _.2.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。(be)More than one student _.3.百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。(from)More than 60 percent of the students _.Task3 Complete the sentences.have comeout this year has ever been toBeijing arefrom this city