1、Section Developing ideas 03/Sport28 September 2016JUST A BROTHERIt was the final part of the 2016 World Triathlon Series in Mexico.1With just 700 metres to go, Alistair Brownlee was in third place and his younger brother, Jonny, was in the lead.2Alistair pushed himself towards the finish line in the
2、 burning heat, but as he came round the corner, he saw his brother about to fall onto the track. Alistair had to choose brotherly love, or a chance to win the race?1本句为and连接的并列句。句中with复合结构作状语。2本句为but连接的并列句。第二个分句中as引导时间状语从句。For Alistair, the choice was clear.His brother was in trouble.He had to help.
3、Alistair ran towards Jonny, caught him and started pulling him towards the finish line.Alistair then pushed his brother over the line.The move put Jonny in second place and Alistair himself in third.It was an unexpected end to the race, but Alistair did not want to discuss it with the media.3He just
4、 wanted to see his younger brother, who had been rushed to the medical area.3who引导非限制性定语从句。4The Brownlee brothers have been doing triathlons since they were children.“Obviously， when your older brother is doing it, you think its a cool thing to do, ”says Jonny.5Alistair says that they encourage each
5、 other as much as they can when they train.Despite arguments over “stupid things” now and then， Alistair agrees that having a brother is an advantage.“Throughout my entire life, Ive had my brother trying to beat me at everything I do.It has been an enormously positive force.”4since引导时间状语从句。5that引导宾语
6、从句；as引导比较状语从句。Watched by millions, the ending to the race has divided opinions：should the brothers have been disqualified or highly praised for their actions? But for Alistair, his decision was easy to explain：“Mum wouldnt have been happy if Id left Jonny behind.” At that moment, he was no longer an
7、 athlete aiming for a medal he was just a brother.series n系列比赛the 2016 World Triathlon Series 2016年世界铁人三项系列赛in third place 位居第三in the lead 领先track n跑道in trouble 处于困境，陷入麻烦move n行动，举动unexpected adj.出乎意料的media n新闻媒体，传媒obviously adv.明显地，显而易见地despite prep.尽管，虽然argument n争论，争吵now and then 不时，偶尔advantage n
8、优势entire adj.全部的，整个的beat v击败，打败enormously adv.非常，极其force n力，力量divided opinions 不同的观点disqualify v(因犯规而)取消的资格be highly praised 受到高度赞扬leave .behind 把丢下，把抛在后面athlete n运动员，田径运动员medal n奖牌，勋章参考译文03/体育2016年9月28日只是一位兄长这是2016年在墨西哥举行的世界铁人三项系列赛的最后一程。距终点还有700米，阿利斯泰尔布朗利位列第三，他的弟弟乔尼处于领先地位。阿利斯泰尔在酷热中奋力奔向终点，但就在他转过弯道时，
9、却看到弟弟快要倒在跑道上。阿利斯泰尔必须作出选择是要手足之情，还是要赢得比赛？对阿利斯泰尔来说，如何选择显而易见。弟弟遇到了麻烦，他必须施以援手。阿利斯泰尔跑向乔尼，抓住他，并拖着他跑向终点。接着，阿利斯泰尔把乔尼推过终点线。这一举动使乔尼获得第二名，而他自己则位列第三。这是一个意料之外的结局，但阿利斯泰尔并不想与媒体讨论此事。他只想去探望被紧急送到医疗区的弟弟。布朗利兄弟从小就接触铁人三项。“显然，当你的哥哥参加铁人三项时，你会觉得这很酷。”乔尼说道。阿利斯泰尔称，他们在训练的时候尽可能地互相鼓励。尽管偶尔会为一些“蠢事”争吵，阿利斯泰尔仍然觉得有个兄弟是种优势。“在我的一生中，我的弟弟总想
10、在各个方面打败我。这对我来说是非常积极的动力。”有数百万人目睹了这场比赛的结局，但对此也是众说纷纭：兄弟二人是应该因他们的行为被取消比赛资格，还是应该被高度赞扬？但是对阿利斯泰尔而言，他的决定很容易解释：“要是我撇下乔尼，妈妈肯定会不高兴的。”在那一刻，他不再是一名想赢得奖牌的运动员他只是一位兄长。Step One：Prereading Whats brotherly love?Brotherly love is based on the experience that we all are one.In brotherly love there is the experience of un
11、ion with all men.Step Two：Whilereading .Read for the main ideaThe text mainly tells us .Apeoples different opinions about the Brownlee brothersBlove and competition are equally important in the matchCthe value of brotherly loveDlove is precious答案：C.Read for detailsRead the passage carefully and choo
12、se the best answers.1When did the story take place?AIn the Olympic Games.BIn the 2016 World Triathlon Series.CIn the World Championship.DIn a marathon.2Whats Alistairs choice?ATo help his brother.BTo win the game.CTo find a doctor.DTo rush his brother to the hospital.3Why does Alistair think that ha
13、ving a brother is “an advantage”？ABecause he cant leave his brother when they train.BBecause he likes arguing with his brother over “stupid things”CBecause his brother sets him a good example to learn from.DBecause his brother can bring him positive force in everything.4What can we infer from the pa
14、ssage?AAlistair was in the lead when his brother was about to fall.BAlistair was younger than his brother.CAlistair may have won the race.DAlistair thought what he did was wrong.答案：14BADCStep Three：Postreading阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It was the final part of the 2016 World Triathlon Series i
15、n Mexico.With only 700 metres 1.to go (go), Alistair pushed 2.himself (he) towards the finish line in the 3.burning (burn)heat，but he saw his brother about 4.to fall (fall) onto the track.Alistair had to choose brotherly love, or a chance to win the race?Alistair ran towards Jonny, 5.caught (catch)
16、him and started pulling him towards the finish line.Alistair then pushed his brother over the line.The move put Jonny in 6.second (two) place and Alistair himself in third.It was 7.an unexpected end to the race，but Alistair did not want to discuss 8.it with the media.He just wanted to see his younge
17、r brother,9.who had been rushed to the 10.medical (medicine) area.Because at that moment，he was no longer an athlete aiming for a medal he was just a brother.重点单词1judge a person by ones appearance 以貌取人2settle the problem 解决问题3a doublepage feature on global warming 关于全球变暖的跨页特写4children with individua
18、l needs 有各自需求的孩子5a dynamic style of management 动态灵活的管理风格6contain no additives 不含添加剂7the general summary 概要8around the track 沿着跑道9a regional media campaign 一个区域性媒体宣传活动10despite her disabilities 尽管她身体残疾11the entire financial system 整个金融系统12all positive factors 所有积极的因素13receive a medal for his heroism
19、由于他的英勇而获得一枚奖章14enormously powerful 非常强大15Beyton is an admirable character who has won the admiration of many people.(admire)16He knew the detailed information of the story, so I asked him to describe the story in detail.(detail)17Although the man is powerful, it is beyond his power to fulfill the ta
20、sk.(power)18There is no obvious solution to the problem.Obviously, that is why he is upset.(obvious)掌握规律巧记单词power n权力，影响力fulpowerful adj.强有力的，有影响力的skillful adj.灵巧的，熟练的 hopeful adj.有希望的helpful adj.有益的，有用的 useful adj.有用的.重点短语1Harry was in the lead (领先) at the beginning of the race.2Her marriage is in
21、trouble (处于困境) and she is desperately unhappy.3I meet him every now and then (不时地) on the campus.4He was highly praised for (由于受到高度赞扬) his research on heart disease last year.5Sarah, with her long legs, soon left the rest of us far behind (把抛在后面).典型句式1教材原句With just 700 metres to go, Alistair Brownle
22、e was in third place and his younger brother, Jonny, was in the lead.句式分析with复合结构。佳句仿写还有10分钟，你最好快一点儿。With 10 minutes to go, youd better hurry.2教材原句The Brownlee brothers have been doing triathlons since they were children.句式分析since引导时间状语从句。佳句仿写自从我们上次见面以来，你变化好大。You have changed a lot since we last met
23、.3教材原句But for Alistair, his decision was easy to explain：“Mum wouldnt have been happy if Id left Jonny behind.”句式分析主语be形容词to do sth.佳句仿写这台机器很容易操作。任何人几分钟就能学会使用。This machine is very easy to operate.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.1admire v钦佩，赞美，羡慕；欣赏，观赏(2020全国卷)Its her friendliness and th
24、e sense of responsibility that make me admire her.是她的友好和责任感让我钦佩她。(1)admire sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而钦佩某人(2)admiration n. 钦佩；羡慕with/in admiration 钦佩地(3)admiring adj. 赞赏的；钦佩的；令人欣赏的(4)admirable adj. 可钦佩的；值得赞赏的；令人羡慕的(经典佳句)(2018北京高考)During the MidAutumn Festival, family members often gather together to
25、share a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.中秋节期间，家人经常聚在一起吃饭、赏月和品尝月饼。练透单句语法填空We admire the old scientist for his great contributions to his country. Id like to express my admiration (admire) for his courage and uncomplaining spirit of the firefighters.His bravery is admirable (admire) so we a
26、ll like him.写美补全句子全场观众被她的表演深深打动，赞叹不已。Deeply moved by her performance, the whole audience gasped with admiration.2judge v认为，判断n.裁判员；法官(2019全国卷)You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation.你还需要判断你动机的质量和深度。(1)judge sb./sth.by/from通过判断某人/某物as far as I can judge 据我判断(2)judging by/from
27、. 从来看；根据判断(3)judgement n. 看法；判断力；判决in ones judgement 在某人看来(经典佳句)As the old saying goes，“You cant judge a book by/from its cover.”俗话说：“不能以貌取人。”练透单句语法填空He achieved his aim more by luck than judgement(judge)In my judgement (judge), it is necessary to pay him a visit.写美补全句子从他说的话来看，我认为他不太可能支持你的申请。Judging
28、 by/from what he said, I think its very unlikely that hell be able to support your application.名师点津judging by/from .作状语时，是独立成分，不受主语的影响和限制。有类似用法的还有： generally/exactly/frankly/honestly speaking 一般地/确切地/坦率地/诚实地说；considering (that) .考虑到，鉴于；providing/provided(that) .假如，倘若。3settle v和解，结束(争论)，解决；定居；(使)安定，(
29、使)平静Its time you settled your differences with your father.现在你该解决同你父亲之间的分歧了。(1)settle for勉强接受，将就settle in/into 定居；适应新环境(或新工作) settle down 平静下来；安顿下来；着手认真做(to) (2)settler n. 移民；殖民者(3)settled adj. 稳定的；定居的(经典佳句)He refused to settle for anything that was second best.他拒绝退而求其次。练透一词多义It took months to settl
30、e the dispute.和解，结束That tour guide had come to America and settled in Boston. 定居It took me a few minutes to settle down before I gave a speech. 平静下来单句语法填空Why do you look so upset? There are so many troublesome problems remaining to be settled (settle)With a lot of difficult problems to settle (settl
31、e), the newlyelected president is having a hard time.写美翻译句子他发现很难平静下来工作。He found it hard to settle down to work.4detail n细节，细微之处；详情vt.详述；详细说明(教材P32) Features are written in an individual style, with extra detail and background.新闻特写是用一种独特的风格写的，细节和背景信息更详细。(1)in detail详细地go into detail(s) 详述for further
32、details 欲知详情(2)detailed adj. 详细的；详尽的(经典佳句)We dont know the full details of the story yet.我们还不知道故事的全部情节。 练透一词多义Todays newspaper gives all the ghastly details of the murder.细节，细微之处The brochure details all the hotels in the area and their facilities.详述，详尽说明单句语法填空He gave me detailed (detail) instruction
33、s on how to get there.写美补全句子此事当另函详陈。The matter will be explained in detail in a separate letter.5contain v包含，含有；容纳；抑制，克制(强烈的感情)(教材P32) The middle part contains the “meat” of the story，with the ending being a summary，a powerful quote or even a surprise for the reader.中间部分是故事的“重要部分”，结尾是一个总结，一句有力的引言，甚至
34、是给读者的一个惊喜。(1)contain oneself控制/克制自己(2)container n. 容器(3)A contains B(B is inside A) B在A里面(4)A includes B(B is part of A) B是A的一部分(经典佳句)(2019天津高考)Each contains five bedrooms，toilet facilities，and a shared kitchen with a fridge and cupboard.每个房间都有五间卧室、卫生间设施和一个带有冰箱和橱柜的共享厨房。练透一词多义This book contains all t
35、he information you need.包含，含有The hall can contain 3,000 people. 容纳Im so angry that I couldnt contain myself.抑制，克制写美补全句子听到这个消息，他难以克制，突然大笑起来。Hearing the news, he couldnt contain himself and burst into laughter.巧学助记The container contains many kinds of fruits，including apples/apples included.容器中盛着很多种水果，
36、其中包括苹果。6powerful adj.强有力的，有影响(感染)力的(1)power n力量，权力，电力供应v. 给提供动力，驱动within ones power 在某人能力/权力范围之内beyond ones power 超出某人的能力/权力be in power 执政come to power 开始掌权/执政a power failure 停电；电力故障(2)powerfully adv. 强大地；强烈地(经典佳句)Shes the most powerful person in the organization.她是该组织中最有影响力的人。练透单句语法填空How long shoul
37、d a President be allowed to remain in power?Todays teachers are not the powerful(power)authority figures they once were.The new government came to power under the banner of fighting poverty.写美一句多译我不能给你退款恐怕这不在我的职权范围内。I cant give you a refund Im afraid its not within my power.I cant give you a refund
38、Im afraid its beyond my power.7in trouble 有困难；处于困境中(教材P32) His brother was in trouble.弟弟遇到了麻烦。get into trouble陷入困境；惹麻烦have trouble/difficulty doing sth. 做某事有困难have trouble with sth. 做某事有困难(经典佳句)We should trust our friends, respect them and always be ready to help them when they are in trouble.我们应信任并
39、尊重我们的朋友，在他们有困难的时候帮助他们。练透单句语法填空He often gets into trouble in his new school.I have many friends to turn to when I am in trouble.Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers help us patiently.写美一句多译许多家长坦承，在教育子女的问题上存在困惑。Many parents frankly admit that they have trouble bringing up their chil
40、dren.(trouble)Many parents frankly admit that they have difficulty bringing up their children.(difficulty)8leave behind 把落在后面(教材P33) Mum wouldnt have been happy if Id left Jonny behind.要是我撇下乔尼，妈妈肯定会不高兴的。leave out省去，遗漏；忽略；冷落leave .alone 不管，不理，不干涉leave .aside 不予考虑，搁置一边(经典佳句)He set off for London, leav
41、ing the children .他动身去伦敦，把孩子们留给他们的母亲。练透单句语法填空Lets leave the matter aside for a moment.The teacher stressed again that the students should not leave out any important details while retelling the story.写美补全句子我想去度假，迫不及待地想要离开这个地方。Id love to have a holiday and I cant wait to leave this place behind.文化浸蕴E
42、ither one goes forward or he will be left behind.不进则退。1句型公式since 引导时间状语从句(教材P33) The Brownlee brothers have been doing triathlons since they were children.布朗利兄弟从小就接触铁人三项。句中since引导时间状语从句时，表示“自从以来多久了”，从句中的谓语动词多用一般过去时，而主句中的谓语动词多用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。(1)since的基本用法：作副词，单独使用，在句中作时间状语；作介词，后接表示时间的名词(短语)；作连词，引导时间状语
43、从句，从句通常用一般过去时。(2)since的常见句式：It is/has been一段时间since从句(常用过去时)。(经典佳句)(2020江苏高考)He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.自东汉以来，他就被尊称为“医圣”。练透单句语法填空As is reported，it is 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded (found)(2020天津高考)The number of medical schools reached 18 in
44、 the early 1990s and has remained (remain) around that level ever since.写美补全句子自从大学毕业后我们就再也没有见过面。We have never met since we graduated from the college.2句型公式主语be形容词不定式(教材P33) But for Alistair, his decision was easy to explain：“Mum wouldnt have been happy if Id left Jonny behind.”但是对阿利斯泰尔而言，他的决定很容易解释：“
45、要是我撇下乔尼，妈妈肯定会不高兴的。”该句型是“主语be形容词不定式”结构，其中his decision和及物动词explain构成动宾关系。在该句型中常常使用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：(1)形容词常常表示主语的性质或特征。常见的此类形容词有difficult, hard, easy, good, comfortable, pleasant, interesting, exciting等。(2)不定式的动词和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但是形式上用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。 (经典佳句)I like getting up very early in
46、 summer.The morning air is so good to breathe.在夏天我喜欢很早起床。早上的新鲜空气呼吸起来真好。练透单句语法填空The apples are hard to reach (reach)The boss is hard to get along with.写美补全句子这个问题太难了，她答不上来。The question is too hard for her to answer.名师点津若不定式的动词为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。The armchair looks rather hard, but it is very comfortable
47、 to sit in.这把扶手椅看上去很硬，但坐上去很舒服。(句中sit为不及物动词，故其后应该加介词in)维度一品句填词1Judging (判断) by his cheerful manner, he must have enjoyed his meal.2Each network has news features (特写), dramatic presentations, comedies and sports events.3Youll find this style (风格) of architecture all over the town.4There has been a se
48、ries (系列) of activities celebrating the 80th anniversary of our school.5All the winners were called forward to receive the medals.6Despite (尽管) her terrible illness, she works hard and succeeds in the scientific research field.7Failure can make a positive (积极的) contribution to your life once you lea
49、rn to use it.8I lost a file containing a lot of important documents.9Do you have any guidance from the team for your behaviour on the track (跑道)?10The media (媒体) have been filled with tales of horror and loss resulting from Mondays earthquake.维度二词形转换1He was a powerful (power) force in British politi
50、cs during the war years.2I wanted to express my admiration (admire) for the way the crew handled the crisis.3She has given the police a very detailed(detail) description of the robber.4Im not entirely (entire) happy about the proposal.5The accident was caused by an error of judgement (judge) on the
51、part of the pilot.6The following is a summary (summarize) of our conclusions.7The price of wine varies enormously(enormous)depending on where it comes from.8The hotel has 100 individually (individual) designed bedrooms.维度三固定搭配和句式1Mary is a perfectionist.She refuses to settle for (勉强接受) any thing tha
52、t is ordinary.2They were in the lead(领先) and the finish line was close.3The old lady often comforts those who are in trouble (陷入困境)4If you dont keep up with the times, youll get left behind (把抛在后面)5The new technology was applied to (应用于) farming.6This kind of notebook computer is easy to operate (易于操作)