1、高中语法综合复习全解形容词&副词I swung around in the dimming light.A man stood holding a pitchfork(干草叉)as tall as he was and only slightly thinner.Everything about the man was thin.His clothes,his hair.Even his scruffy whiskers(邋遢的胡子)were sparse(稀少的)on his face.“Is this yours?”he asked.At first I thought he meant
2、the pitchfork.Then I saw the compass dangling(悬吊的)from his fingers.I checked my satchel(小背包)in a panic.The outside pocket had torn open when Id fallen.形容词和副词学习目标：1.形容词、副词的作用与位置；多个形容词作定语排列的顺序 enough作修饰成分时的位置问题及形容词作后置定语 形容词作伴随状语和原因状语2.表语形容词的特点及连系动词+形容词作表语；3.形容词、副词比较等级的用法；原级的用法比较级的用法最高级的用法形容词和副词前面使用冠词的
3、情况由as/so组成的形容词或副词短语more/less than及其相关结构4.容易混淆的形容词、副词的区别。It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music,but it is _ another to play it well yourself.(2011全国II)A.quite B.very C.rather D.much【解析】句意为“欣赏好的音乐是一回事，但是自己把它演奏好完全是另一回事。”表示“很，非常”时，very用来修饰形容词、副词或分词形容词，much用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级、最高级，也可修饰形容词性的过去分词或描述性形容
4、词的原级；quite和rather都可修饰名词，但rather多用于贬义；another指的是another thing，这个名词受quite的修饰。因此选A。Mr.Stevenson is great to work for I really couldnt ask for a _ boss.(2011全国II)A.better B.good C.best D.still better【解析】句意为“为Stevenson先生工作真好，我实在找不到比他更好的老板了。”否定词couldnt与better连用，表示“非常好”，等于最高级；still better不能用于否定句中。因此选A。形容词主
5、要用来描述事物的大小、形状、颜色、性质等具体特征，也可用来陈述事物的状态等。形容词(adj./a.)的定义：形容词的分类：形容词根据其构成可以分为简单形容词和合成形容词两类。1.简单形容词除了我们一般常见的外，有些含有独特的后缀。-able,-iblecomfortableterriblehorrible-al,-icalnationalchemicalmagical-antimportantpleasantassistant-aryordinarynecessarysecondary-fulbeautifulwonderfulcareful-lesshopelesscarelesshelpl
6、ess-lylovelyfriendlyweekly-ous,-ious famousdangerousserious-yangrysnowy sunny此外，还有大量的现在分词和过去分词逐渐变成了形容词。这类形容词大多都和及物动词有关。常见的有：amusing/amused;interesting/interestedboring/bored;satisfying/satisfiedexciting/excited;embarrassing/embarrassed pleasing/pleased;puzzling/puzzledworrying/worried;amusing/amused
7、shocking/shocked;relaxing/relexeddisappointing/disappointed;2.合成形容词合成形容词指由几个词共同组成并起到形容词作用的词。主要作定语，一般不作表语。(1)数词+名词+形容词a ten-metre-wide river 一条十米宽的河a five-year-old girl 一个五岁的女孩(2)形容词（或数词）+名词+-ed a middle-aged man 一位中年男子a fifteen-storeyed building 一座十五层的大楼(3)形容词+V-ing 形式a good-looking man 一位英俊的男子an ea
8、sy-going woman 一位随和的女子(4)名词+V-ed 形式a man-made lake 人工湖a snow-covered mountain一座被雪覆盖的山(5)副词/形容词+V-ed形式a well-known writer 一位著名的作家a new-born baby 一个新生儿形容词在句中的作用：(1)作定语作定语时形容词一般放在所修饰词的前面，如果有几个形容词，常按下列顺序排列：限定词+序数词、基数词+性质、状态+大小、长短、高低+形状+新旧+颜色+产地、国籍+质地、材料+用途+名词a few big round new black French wooden table
9、s几张新的大面圆的法国黒木桌子the last few unforgettable sunny days令人难忘的最后几个阳光明媚的日子(2)作表语作表语的形容词位置比较固定，都在系动词之后：He is very devoted to his wife.Her face remained expressionless.但在表语和动词之间有时可插进别的词：She remained comparatively calm.I feel a little tired.大多数形容词可作定语和表语，但有些形容词通常只作表语，如：afraid,alive,alone,ashamed,asleep,aware
10、,content,due,fond,glad,ill,likely,ready,sorry,sure,unable,unlikely,well等(3)作宾语补足语Who left the door open?Martin found the work slightly dull.(4)作状语She came over,eager to help.He arrived home,hungry and tired.(5)有时可作同位语和独立成分The current affair,the biggest in its history,is being held in Guangzhou.Stran
11、ge to say,he did pass his exam after all.副词(adv./ad.)的定义：副词是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句的词，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。副词的主要种类：(1)时间和频度副词now,then,often,always,usually,early,today,lately,next,last,already,frequently,seldom,ever,never,soon,yet,too,shortly,immediately,ago,yesterday(2)地点副词here,there,everywhere,anywhere,in,o
12、ut,inside,outside,above,below,down,back,forward,home,upstairs,downstairs,across,along,around,near,off,past,up,away,on(3)方式副词carefully,properly,anxiously,suddenly,normally,fast,well,calmly,politely,softly,proudly,warmly(4)程度副词much,little,very,rather,still,quite,enough,perfectly,extremely,entirely,alm
13、ost(5)疑问副词:用来引起一个特殊问句:how,when,where,why(6)连接副词：连接副词的意思和词性都和疑问副词一样，但在句中引起一个从句或不定式：how,where,when,whyHe knows where to go.I told her how to find me.(7)关系副词：用来引起一个从句作定语:where,when,whyThis is the town where I was born.副词在句中的作用：1.作状语It snowed heavily last January.(修饰动词)Emily greeted me warmly.(修饰动词)He a
14、greed to come over right away.(修饰非谓语动词)She is terribly clever.(修饰形容词)Youre driving too fast.(修饰副词)Sure Ill help you.(修饰整个句子)2.作表语：大部分与介词同形的副词可用作表语Mary was down with a slight fever.We are behind in our plan.I must be off now.还有一些表示位置的副词常用作表语When will you be back?Ill only be away a few minutes.Is anyo
15、ne downstairs yet?Denny was still abroad.3.副词的其他用法(1)副词可用作定语I hope youll enjoy your stay here.The then headmaster ordered these books.(2)副词还可用作宾语补语，构成复合宾语I saw you out with your sister last Sunday.Im pleased to see you back.(3)副词用于构成动词短语The flowers gave off a sweet fragrance.They decided to put the
16、meeting off.意思有别的同根副词：close 接近地closely 仔细地，密切地free 免费地freely 自由地，无拘无束地hard 努力地hardly 几乎不late 晚，迟lately 近来most 最，极其 mostly 主要地high 高highly 高度地，非常地deep 深，迟deeply 深深地loud 大声地loudly 大声地(含喧闹之意)near 邻近nearly 几乎1.表示A超过B：A+谓语+adj./adv.比较级+than+B My room is smaller than yours.Dave drives faster than anyone I
17、 know.2.表示A不如B：1)A+谓语的否定式+adj./adv.比较级+than+B2)A+谓语+less+adj./adv.+than+B3)A+谓语的否定+so(as)+adj./adv.+as+BThis book isnt bigger than that one.This star is less beautiful than that one.This room is not as/so big as that one.(3)表示A和B是同等程度A+谓语+as+adj./adv.+as+BDiana sings as sweetly as her sister.She can
18、 run as fast as 20 miles an hour.(4)越,越 the+比较级,the+比较级越来越比较级+and+比较级The faster I type,the more mistakes I make.He played it better and better.(5)两者中较的一个the+比较级(+of+the+two+名词)This ample is the bigger of the two.形容词比较级的修饰语可在形容词的比较级前加a lot,a good deal,much,many,far,a bit,a little,slightly等His illness
19、 is far more serious than we thought.You look a bit happier now.也可在比较级前加any,no,some,even,still 等Do you feel any better today?Their house is no bigger than ours.还可在比较级前加表示数量的词My sister is half a head taller than me.It was one-third cheaper than the market price.形容词最高级主要表示“最”，修饰名词，常有一短语与表示比较的范围，前面一般加定
20、冠词the；副词最高级修饰动词，前面都不加the。This is the best room in the hotel.He was the most dangerous criminal in the country.The poor people living in towns suffered worst.注：在形容词最高级单独用作表语时，定冠词the常可省略：I think Davids plan is best.East,west,homes best.无比较等级的形容词和副词：(1)表示比较、特殊意义的comparative(ly),relative(ly),particular(
21、ly),special(ly),favorite等。(2)表示绝对意义的absolute(ly),entire(ly),excellent(ly),total(ly),thorough(ly),whole(wholly)等。(3)表示大小、极限、主观、上下等意义的extreme(ly),main,major,minor,senior,junior,chief(ly)等(4)表示性质特征的economic,scientific,wooden,earthen,golden等。(5)表示独一无二的、形状的、强调的only,matchless,round,square,very,own,simply,
22、hardly,scarcely等。1.The form cannot be signed by anyone _ yourself.(2011全国I)A.rather than B.other than C.more than D.better than【解析】句意为“这张表格只能由你本人签字。”rather than而不；other than除了，相当于but和except；more than不仅仅；better than比多、好。选B。2.Youd be exposed to a lot _ pollution if you moved to a town with pure water
23、and air.(2011上海春招)A.more B.most C.less D.least【解析】句意为“如果你们搬到空气清新、水质纯净的小镇去，你们受到的污染将会少得多。”空格前的a lot修饰比较级more或less，根据后面的语意，选C。3.In that school,English is compulsory for all students,but French and Russian are _.(2011江苏)A.special BregionalC.optional Doriginal【解析】句意为“在那所学校，英语是学生的必修课，而法语和俄语是选修课。”special特别
24、的，特意的；regional地区的，地方的；optional可选择的；original原始的，最初的。句中由but进行转折，由此可知法语和俄语不是必修课而是可以选修，所以正确答案为C。4.Nowadays,there is a _ increase in childrens creativity,for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.(2011福建)A.sharp B.slight C.natural D.modest【解析】句意为“现在的孩子们在创造力上有很大的提高，因为他们被极力地鼓励着去发展他们的天赋。”shar
25、p明显的，急剧的；slight轻微的，稍稍的；natural自然的，天生的；modest谦虚的，不过分的。因此选A。5._,I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.(2011安徽)A.Hopefully B.Normally C.Thankfully D.Conveniently【解析】句意为“庆幸的是，我终于打完了比赛，其中的辛苦没有白费。”hopefully充满希望地；normally正常地；thankfully庆幸地；conveniently方便地。根据句意，选C。6.The profe
26、ssor could tell by the _ look in Marias eyes that she didnt understand a single word of his lecture.(2011浙江)A.cold B.blank C.innocent D.fresh【解析】句意为“根据Maria茫然的眼神，这位教授能够看出她对他所讲的内容连一个字也没有听懂。”cold冰冷的；blank空虚的，茫然的；innocent无辜的；fresh新鲜的。根据后面didnt understand，选B。7.How are your recent trip to Sichuan?Ive nev
27、er had _ one before.(2011四川)A.a pleasant B.a more pleasant C.a most pleasant D.the most pleasant【解析】句意为“最近你到四川的旅行怎么样？从来没有这么愉快过。”否定词never与a more pleasant连用，表示“非常愉快”，等于最高级。the most pleasant是特指，需要有比较的范围，但是这个范围并不存在。因此选B。8.The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _ the present one.(20
28、11陕西)A.as three times big as B.three times as big asC.as big as three times D.as big three times as【解析】句意为“为下一届亚运会而修建的体育馆将会是目前的体育馆三倍大小。”表示倍数的词做修饰语时，放在as的前面，即“倍数+as+adj+as”，因此选B。9.The old engineers eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was_,though
29、slow.(2011湖北)A.shaky B.heavy C.casual D.steady【解析】句意为“这位年长的工程师，古铜色的脸上布满皱纹，但目光炯炯。当他走过房间时，步子虽慢但是沉稳。”shaky颤抖的；heavy沉重的；casual漠不关心的，冷淡的；steady稳定的。根据前面的交代，选D。10.The state-run company is required to make its accounts as_ as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.(2011湖北)A.transparent B.reasona
30、ble C.secure D.formal【解析】句意为“这家国营企业被要求财务尽可能做到透明，以便公司的员工能对金钱的使用加以监督。”transparent透明的；reasonable合理的；secure安全的；formal正式的。根据句意，选A。11.The film is,I have to say,not a bit interesting.Why?Its _ than the films I have ever seen.(2011江西)A.far more interesting B.much less interestingC.no more interesting D.any
31、less interesting【解析】句意为“我得说，这部电影一点都不令人感兴趣。什么？这可比我看过的电影有趣得多了。”程度副词可修饰形容词比较级，放于比较级前。根据应答者用“Why?”进行的反问，选A。请点击1.Next to biology,I like physics _.(2012全国II)A.better B.best C.the better D.very well2.Interest is as to learning as the ability to understand,even more so.(2012安徽)A.vital B.available C.specific
32、 D.similarI.高考链接3.Can you tell the _ difference between the words require and request?I sometimes get puzzled by their meanings.(2012湖北)A.dramatic B.regional C.apparent D.subtle4.The result is not very important to us,but if we do win,then so much _.(2012全国)A.the best B.best C.better D.the better5.I
33、t may not be a good suggestion.But before _ is put forward,well make do with it.(2013全国卷)A.a good one B.a better one C.the best one D.a best one6.The Forbidden City attracts a _ stream of visitors every day,especially during national holidays.(2013福建)A.constant B.main C.powerful D.shallow7.Those poo
34、r and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy _ priced bikes.(2013福建)A.competitively B.recently C.reasonably D.affordably8.Its said that the power plant is now _ large as what it was.(2013安徽)A.twice as B.as twice C.twice much D.much twice9.Dont defend him any m
35、ore.Its obvious that he _ destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.(2013湖北)A.accidentally B.carelessly C.deliberately D.clumsily10.What a terrible experience!_,youre safe now thats the main thing.(2013江西)A.Anyway.B.Besides.C.Otherwise.D.Therefore.11.This is by far _ movie that I have e
36、ver seen.(2013辽宁)A.an inspiring B.a much inspiring C.the most inspiring D.the more inspiring12.Tony can hardly boil an egg,still_ cook dinner.(2013新课标)A.less B.little C.much D.more13.Mary worked here as a _ secretary and ended up getting a full-time job with the company.(2013浙江)A.pessimistic B.tempo
37、rary C.previous D.cautious14.If we leave right away,_,well arrive on time.(2013浙江)A.hopefully B.curiously C.occasionally D.gradually15.If what your friend comes up with surprises you,dont reject it immediately._,imagine that it is true.(2013浙江)A.Thus B.Besides C.Rather D.Otherwise1.Timmy plays baske
38、tball bad.bad改为badly2.Everyone should keep quite in the library.quite改为quiet 3.The old man walked into the bedroom slow.slow改为slowly4.My father is more busier than my mother.more去掉II.改错5.Huanghe is one of the long rivers in China.long改为longest6.I have the fewest hamburgers and the fewest water of us
39、 three.fewest改为least7.Mrs Green looked angry at her daughter.angry改为angrily8.This problem is too more difficult for me.more去掉9.My cousin is cleverest than any other boy in this team.cleverest改为cleverer10.Do you think summer is hottest of the four seasons?hottest改为the hottestOne of Harrys feet was bi
40、gger than the other.“I can never find boots and shoes for my feet,”he said to his friend Dick.“Why dont you go to a shoemaker?”Dick said.“A good one can make you the right shoes.”“Ive never been to a shoemaker,”Harry said.“Arent they very expensive?”“No,”Dick said,“some of them arent.Theres a good o
41、ne in our village,and hes quite cheap.Heres his address.”He wrote something on a piece of paper and gave it to Harry.Harry went to the shoemaker in Dicks village a few days later,and the shoemaker made him some shoes.Harry went to the shop again a week later and looked at the shoes.Then he said to the shoemaker angrily,“Youre a silly man!I said,Make one shoe bigger than the other,but youve made one smaller than the other!”
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