1、The Attributive Clause定语从句陈玉俊2017年5月9日巢湖市槐林中学1.To know about the Attributive Clause2.To learn about and grasp the relativeObjectivespronouns 3.To do some practice 一、定语从句及相关概念定语：可以由形容词、代词、数量词、名词、副词、不定代词、介词短语等来担任。如果是一个句子担任定语，那么这个句子就是定语从句。The girl who is standing there is Mary.定语从句练习：请找出下列句子的定语并指出定语是由什
2、么充当(形容词、形容词性代词、数词、名词、介词短语、分词还是定语从句)1.The beautiful sight attracts many tourists every year.(_)beautiful,形容词;many,数词。2.The wallet on the desk is mine.(_)3.The demanding boss wasnt satisfied with my work.(_)demanding,现在分词;my,形容词性代词。on the desk,介词短语。4.That building being repaired is our library.(_)5.He
3、 is one of the students that have been late.(_)being repaired,现在分词短语;our,形容词性代词。one,数词;that have been late,定语从句6.The excited boys burst into cheers.(_)7.A woman police officer was praised for her good work.(_)woman,名词;good,形容词。excited,过去分词。什么是定语从句？在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句一、概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(在句子中作定语)(A
4、ttributive clause)Harry Porter is a smart boy.Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰boy,叫做定语从句Harry Porter is a boy who has magic power.先行词 关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,when，why二、用法:These are thetrees which/thatwere planted last year.先行词是人关系代词:who whom whose thatwh
5、ich先行词是物These are the students who/that won the firstplace last year.定语从句中的关系词及其意义定语从句中的关系词及其意义基础知识回顾人或物物或句子主语、宾语宾语人或物（所属关系）人或物或句子人人时间状语地点状语原因状语时间地点原因主语、宾语、主语、宾语定语主语或宾语1.An astronaut is a person whoworks and travels in space.2.A spacecraft is a vehicle that/which can travel in space.antecedent先行词rel
6、ative pronoun关系代词who 指人，在从句中做主语Do you know the man?He spoke just now.Do you know the man who spoke just now?who 指人，在从句中做宾语，作宾语时可以省略。Do you know the man who I am looking for?Do you know the man I am looking for?关系代词 在从句中作宾语,可省略。e.g.Do you know the man _we saw at the Beijing Hotel?who/that/whom/不填whom
7、指人,是who 的宾格，在从句中作宾语,可省略。e.g.Do you know the man(whom)we saw at the Beijing Hotel?The girl is from America.I called her just now.The girl(whom)I called just nowis from America.which 指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。e.g.Im not interested in the bookwhich has just been published.I have read the newspaper.It carri
8、es the important news.I have read the newspaper which carries the important news.I showed him the letter.I received it this morningI showed him the letter(which)I received this morning.that指人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。The house that Im going to buy faces south.Theyre talking about the film.I have seen t
9、he film.Theyre talking about the film(that)Ive seen.It was written by Laoshe.Jane has borrowed the book.Jane has borrowed the book that was written by Laoshe.三.关系代词的用法：1.作主语用who,which或that,如：He is the man who/that lives next door.The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen.2.作宾语用whom,who,whic
10、h,that 如：The man(whom/who/that)we have just seen is a famous writer.Where is the book(which/that)I bought last week?3.作定语用whose 如：(a)He is the man whose car was stolen last week.(b)It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.注：“whose+名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（如上a句），又能作宾语（如上b句）。whose
11、 的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念,这时可以与of which互换。Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.四.关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.A plane iscan fly.关系代词的实质a machine the machineJoin the following sentences:A plane is a machine.The machi
12、ne can fly.A plane is can fly.关系代词的实质a machine that/which关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw
13、 her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sen
14、tences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe girl关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.herThe gir
15、l关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.we saw yesterday is Mary.that/who/whomThe girl注意避免重复The book is very good.I have read it.五.先行词和关系词的关系Join the following sentences:The book is very good.I have read that/which.The book that/which I have read is very good.The g
16、irl is Mary.We saw her yesterday.先行词和关系词的关系Join the following sentences:The girl is Mary.We saw whom yesterday.The girl whom we saw yesterday is Mary.1.The students(who dont study hard)will not pass先行词定语从句the exam.主句:The students will not pass the exam.2.The woman(whom you saw in the park)is our先行词定
17、语从句English teacher.主句:The woman is our English teacher.从句的主语：you从句的宾语：whom3.A shoe shop is a shop(which sells shoes).主句：A shoe shop is a shop.从句的主语:which4.The book(that you want)is on the desk.主句从句的主语:从句的宾语：The book is on the desk.youthat引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that,which,whowhom等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作
18、定语从句的一个成份。The man(that/who told us a funny story)is in the next room.主语I lost the book(that/which)you gave me).宾语六.Checking Timeshe is a girl _ is wearing red skirt.who/thatDongqing(whom/that/who)you want to seehas come to Tianjin.We all like the dog-is white.that/which I give an apple to her _every
19、one likes very much.which/thatHe lives in a house-windows face south.whoseThe cake-my mother made this morning is very delicious.(that/which)Titanic is the ship _sank after hitting an iceberg.which/thatZhang Guorong is a pop star_ died in the fall in March,2003.who/that Halloween is a day is also ca
20、lled The eve of All SaintsDay.which关系词的作用在从句中充当主语或宾语,并且起连接作用The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.You must do everything that I do.I have found the book which I lost.作主语 代替 the man作宾语 代替the book作宾语 代替everythingHave a try指出关系代词在定语从句中的成份：1.The man who came to our school is Mr.Wang.()2.The girl
21、(whom)I met is Lucy.()3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom.()4.I like the book(which)you bought yesterday.()主语宾语定语宾语A plane is a machine that can fly.The book that I have read is very good.The boy that is reading the book is Jim.The girl that we saw yesterday is Lily.They planted the trees
22、 which didnt need much water.主语宾语主语宾语主语The fish which we bought were not fresh.The boy who broke the window is John.The person whom you just talked to is Mr.Li.宾语主语宾语归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。which,指物，作主语或宾语。who,whom指人,who作主语,whom作宾语。that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。1)A plane is a machine _ can fly.2)The c
23、ar _ my uncle bought last week was stolen.3)The students _ dont study hardwill not pass the exam.4)The woman _ you saw inthe park is our English teacher.5)He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school.which/thatwhich/that/who/thatwhom/that/that关系代词的用法练习6.The eggs we
24、re not fresh.I bought them yesterday.7.The friend was not hungry.He came to supper last night.8.He likes the cheese.It comes from his parents farm.9.The noodles were delicious.You cooked them.10.I dont like the people.They smoke a lot.The eggs(that/which)I bought were not fresh.The friend who/that c
25、ame to supper last night was not hungry.He likes the cheese that/which comes from his parents farm.The noodles(which/that)you cooked were delicious.I dont like the people that/who smoke a lot.1.The man _came to our school is Mr.Wang.2.The girl _ I met is Lucy.3.A child _parents are dead is called To
26、m.4.I like the book _ you bought yesterday.5.We shall never forget the days _we spent together.6.I have a room _window faces south.who,thatwhom,that,who,/whosethat,which,/that,which,/whose一.Filling the blanks二.Corrections:1.The man just said hello to me is my chemistry teacher.who2.Who is the comrad
27、e you just shook hands with him.3.Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.(where which)4.This is the best dictionary which I have ever used.(which that)5.The house where we live in is not very large.(where which/that)6.The house that it was built in 1970 stayed up inthe earthquake.“介词关系代
28、词”即“介词whom/which”引导定语从句应注意：1介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素A.与先行词的搭配关系1）I will never forget the day _ I joined the army.2)I will never forget the days _ I worked in the school.3)I will never forget the year _ my sonwent to college.4)I got home at 7:00 p.m.yesterday,_ most people had had supper.on whichduring whic
29、hin whichby which三.介词关系代词.与谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Have you found the book _ I paid29 US dollars?2)Have you found the book _ I spent29 US dollars?3)Have you found the book _ we learnt a lot?4)Have you found the book _ she often talks?for whichon whichfrom whichabout which用适当的介词和关系词完成下面句子Homework:用介词关系代词填空1 The b
30、oy was staying in the room _window he could climb down.2.Hes the man _ I learnt the news.3.Whos the comrade _ you just shookhands.4.There are 52 students in our class,_nearly 40 are League members.5.I know a lady the husband _ is a Nobel Prize winner.6.Do you know the driver who caused the traffic a
31、ccident _ a man was killed.7.This is the way _ she studies English.through whosefrom whomwith whomof whomof whomin whichin which 8.The 5 yuan_ he bought the book was given by his friend.9.The story about Shakespeare,_ this is one example,is well written.10.The old man always wears his glasses _ _ he
32、 cant see anything.11.The key_ she was opening the door broke.12.The library _ we often go on Sundays is not far from our school.13.No one know the reason _ she is leaving so early.14.At last they came to a river _ a new bridge is being built.for whichof whichwithoutwhichwith whichto whichfor whichover which
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