1、选修八Unit 22Environmental Protection.完形填空A man hired a taxi outside the airfield.The cab had a woolen carpet with _1_ lace edges.On the glass partition that _2_ the drivers seat was a copy of a famous painting.Its windows were all clean.The customer was very much _3_ and said to the driver，“Ive never
2、seen a nicer _4_”“Thank you for your praise.”the driver answered _5_“The car isnt mine，”said the driver.“It belongs to the company.I used to be a _6_ of cabs.When they returned，all of them were as _7_ as garbage cans with cigarette butts and rubbish _8_ here and there.On the seats and doorhandles co
3、uld be found something _9_ like peanut sauce or，chewing gum.Why so？I thought if the car itself were very clean the passengers would most _10_ be considerate and refrain from littering.”“So when I got a _11_ to be a taxidriver，I began to _12_ my idea into practiceto tidy and _13_ the car.Now before a
4、 new passenger gets on my car，Id make a check and be sure it is in good order.When my car _14_ after a days work，it always remains _15_”When doing a thing，one makes efforts and wants to see the result.To change others，one has to make twice the _16_ but get half the result.To change oneself is the ot
5、her way roundmore fruit with less effort.One had better ask oneself why one makes _17_ on others much more than on oneself._18_ you take enough care to do as best you can for other peoples sake，your efforts will yield results.If you _19_ the inner world of your own，examine yourself and wipe out the
6、dust and dirt，instead of fixing your eyes on other people，you will find a cheerful _20_ for yourself and create a pleasant environment for others.【语篇解读】 出租车司机自己把车里车外打扫得一尘不染，并且装饰了一番，这样避免了乘客乘车乱扔垃圾。这就告诉我们：要想改变别人，就要先为他人着想，这样才能得到你想要的结果。1A.ugly Bexciting Cbrilliant Dfavorite答案C既然羊毛地毯的花边能吸引到乘客，肯定颜色鲜艳(brill
7、iant)，并且下文也提到窗明几净。2A.separated Bcovered Cprotected Dprevented答案A司机的座位和乘客之间用玻璃或其他物体隔开。所以separate符合语境。3A.moved BannoyedCdisappointed Dsurprised答案D毛毯好看，隔离带是一幅名画，而且窗明几净，顾客当然会感到惊奇(surprised)。4A.seat Bcarpet Cgarage Dcab答案D根据上文“A man hired a taxi outside the airfield.The cab had a woolen carpet.”可知cab就是指t
8、axi。5A.suddenly BsmilinglyChopefully D doubtfully答案B听到乘客赞扬，司机面带微笑地(smilingly)表示感谢。6A.driver Bcleaner Crepairer Dcustomer答案B依据第3段第1句可知后来主人公当了司机。既然每天等司机们的车回来，能看到车内的情况，最有可能是清洁工(cleaner)。7attractive Bpleasant Cdirty Dclean答案C由下文“garbage cans with cigarette butts and rubbish”可知车内和垃圾桶一样脏，故选C项。8A.spread Be
9、xtended Cdotted Dleft答案Dwith cigarette butts and rubbish left意为“烟头和垃圾丢得(left)到处都是”。9A.funny Bbusy Csticky Dclumsy答案C句意：在座位和门的把手上黏着(sticky)一些像是花生酱和口香糖的东西。10A.likely Bwillingly Cextremely Dregularly答案A句意：如果我把车内收拾干净，乘客就有可能(likely)为我考虑，控制自己不扔垃圾。11A.permit Blicense Ccertificate Dpassport答案B要想成为一位司机，驾照(li
10、cense)是必不可少的。12A.put Btake Cmake Dget答案Aput.into practice是固定短语，意为“把付诸实践”。13A.provide Bdrive Cdecorate Ddescribe答案C由第1段可知带花边的毛毯和名画都属于装饰，所以decorate符合语境。14A.speeds Bleaves Carrives Dreturns答案D句意：当我开了一天车回来(returns)时，车内依然一尘不染(spotless)。15A.spotless Bpretty Cbright Ddirty答案A见上题解析。16A.progress Beffort Catt
11、empt Dtrial答案B为了改变别人，自己要付出双倍努力，但效果却只有一半。make efforts/make an effort“作出努力”。17A.suggestions BcommentsCdemands Ddecisions答案C句意：有人会问为什么一个人总对别人提出的要求(demands)比自己的多呢。make demands on sb“对某人提出要求”。18A.Though BWhile CAs DIf答案D句意：如果(If)你为别人着想，尽心尽力去做事，就会收到成果。19A.look into Blook forClook up Dlook through答案A句意：如果你
12、看一下自己的内心世界，自我反省，揭去“灰尘”和“污垢”，而不是盯着别人的缺点，你就可以让自己心情(mood)愉悦，并且为别人营造宜人的环境。look into“往里面看”。20A.spirit Bmood Cmind Dsense答案B见上题解析。.阅读理解体裁题材词数难度建议用时夹叙夹议文环境保护2917分钟Twothirds of the worlds major rivers have now been disrupted with more than 50，000 dams in an attempt to store water and provide power.In the US
13、，there are more than 85，000 dams，disrupting large and small rivers，and in most cases transforming natural flow.The most famous of these，the Hoover Dam，constructed in the 1930s，is mainly responsible for the fact that the Colorado River no longer reaches the ocean.Dams，besides all their attractive ben
14、efits，also have negative impacts.Creating a reservoir(蓄水库)means a large area must be flooded.Communities may lose their land，houses and culturally important sites.Environmentally，the new reservoir can be a paradise for wildlife，especially birds；however，it can cause greenhouse gas emissions and poiso
15、n the water for fish.Also，the dramatic rise and fall of water levels during dam releases is too extreme for plants and animals to cope with，resulting in dead zones around the shores of reservoirs.Fish that lay their eggs in the shallows，for example，may find a few hours later that those sites are hig
16、h and dry.Downstream of a dam，the flow may be reduced so that farmers cannot irrigate their fields.Many rivers run through national borders，which may cause conflict over precious water.Disputes have been continuing between India and Pakistan，and Turkey，Syria and Iraq，for example.Dams dont just block
17、 water flow.They also prevent fish migrations，and dams are a barrier to sediment(沉淀物)flows.Instead of rushing downriver，sediments get backed up against the dam wall，which causes the reservoir level to increase over time.However，sediments which are rich in nutrients have become a problem.The fertilit
18、y of the entire system can be influenced， with soils lost during seasonal rains not being replaced.Perhaps the biggest problem can be seen in deltas，often host to large cities，which are sinking into the oceans.Groundwater is being extracted to feed the city，causing the urban weight to sink，and sedim
19、ents washed away by the ocean are no longer being replaced.The result is the sea level rise in cities from Shanghai to Alexandria.【语篇解读】 本文主要讲的是人类在世界各地修建的大坝对自然环境造成的影响和破坏。1The Hoover Dam is mentioned in the passage in order to show that dams _Aplay an important role in our lifeBhave influenced the fl
20、ow of the riversCmake people lose their land and housesDhave many benefits as well as side effects答案B推理判断题。从第一段的. the fact that the Colorado River no longer reaches the ocean可知答案。 2With many dams built across the rivers，fish will _Afind more places to lay their eggsBface a more dangerous living habi
21、tatCfeed on more sediments rich in nutrientsDfind it easier to deal with the rise of water答案B推理判断题。从第三段的it can cause greenhouse gas emissions and poison the water for fish这一句话可知，随着水坝的建起，蓄水释放出更多的温室气体，从而使得水更有毒，故选B。 3What effects does creating a reservoir have on peoples life?aPeople will see fewer bir
22、ds on the sides of the rivers.bFarmers will have less water to irrigate their fields.cVisitors cant visit some cultural relics any more.dMore conflicts over water will break out.Aab Babc Cbcd Dabcd答案C细节理解题。从第二段的Communities may lose their land，houses and culturally important sites.和第四段的the flow may b
23、e reduced so that farmers cannot irrigate their fields.可知答案。4The passage was written mainly to tell us _Athe environmental effect of damsBthe cultural effect of damsCthe economical gain of damsDthe environmental benefits of dams答案A作者意图题。本文主要讲的是修建大坝对自然环境造成的影响，故选A。.书面表达最近，某城市因修建地铁拟移走100多棵古树，此事引发了市民广泛的
24、关注和激烈的讨论。英语课上，老师要求以“Should the old trees make way for the underground？”为题用英语写一篇短文，反映市民的两种不同观点，并发表个人的看法。支持反对1.城市需要不断发展；2.在市内可种植更多的树。1.古树提供阴凉，净化城市空气；2.古树是城市独特的风景；3.移植的古树不一定能存活。注意：1.词数100左右(开头已给出，但不计入总词数)；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Should the old trees make wayfor the underground?More than 100 old trees will be
25、removed to make way for the underground in a city，which has caused widespread public concern and heated argument._【参考范文】Should the old trees make wayfor the underground?More_than_100_old_trees_will_be_removed_to_make_way_for_the_underground_in_a_city，which_has_caused_widespread_public_concern_and_he
26、ated_argument.Some people argue that with the population increasing，our city needs the underground to develop further.They think the old trees should be removed and planted in other places.Besides，more trees will be planted in the city.However，others say that the old trees are important to the city，
27、for they provide shade and help clean the air.More importantly，the old trees have existed for many years and have become a unique part of the city.And no one can be sure the old trees will survive after being removed.Personally，I think our city should develop on condition that valuable ancient things are well protected.
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