1、概念 连词是一种虚词,它不能独立地担任句子成分,只是连接词与词、短语与短语以及句子与句子的作用。英语中连词只要分两类：并列与从属连词。并列连词：用来连接平行的词、短语或分句。从属连词：用来引导一个从句。并列连词：a.并列关系：and，as well as,eitherornot onlybut also，bothandneithernor.b.转折关系：but，yet，or.c.因果关系：for，so.d.选择关系：or，eitheror.并列连词连接两个分句，构成并列句。1.andNow stop blowing,and soon you will find the glass clear
2、again.Ten minutes earlier,and we could have caught the last bus.and 在此表示条件，等于if you stop blowing now,you.If we came here ten minutes earlier,we2.not onlybut also/as well asNot only the mother but also the children are sick.The mother as well as the children is sick.不但妈妈而且孩子也病了。不但孩子们而且妈妈也病了。连接主语时，强调的
3、方面不同，谓语动词在人称、数上也要调整。3.orThe elephant isnt like a wall,or a spear,or asnake,or a tree,neither is he like a fan.在否定句中并列成分的列举通常用or来连接，不用and。从属连词：用来连接各种从句。1.主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句连接词有：that,if,whether,as连接代词：who，whom，whose，what which,whatever,whoever,whichever连接副词：when，where，why，how，wherever,whenever从属连词：用来连接各种从
4、句。2.状语从句引导时间状语从句连词有：as,when,while,till,notuntil,until,before,since,as soon as,hardly/scarcelywhen,no sooner.than,once,the moment,the minute that,by the time引导让步状语从句连词有：although,though,even if,even though,no matter+who(what,when,how,where)或 whoever,whatever,wherever,however等as,though(要用倒装)从属连词：用来连接各种
5、从句。2.状语从句引导原因状语从句连词有：because,as for,since,now that引导地点状语从句连词有：where,wherever引导目的状语从句连词有：so that,in order that引导结果状语从句连词有：sothat,suchthat引导方式状语从句连词有：as,as if(though)引导比较状语从句连词有：than,as引导条件状语从句连词有：if,unless,so(as)long as,in case,once,as far as,on condition that从属连词：用来连接各种从句。3.定语从句 关系代词：who，whom，whose，
6、which，that 关系副词：when，where，why4.同位语从句同上（除 that 外）区别几组同义词连词:一.when，while，as “当时”*when+持续性V./+终止性V.e.g.He was doing his homework when I came in.*while+持续性动作，表示“在时”;表示对比“而”e.g.Strike while the iron is hot.I like tea while she likes coffee.*as+延续性动词-“当的时候”;“一边一边”e.g.I met her as I was coming home.(=when
7、)She sang as she walked home.As he talked on he got more and more excited.二.because(因为)，since（既然）,as(由于),for(因为)*“Why did you move there?”“_my father found a job there.”The man fainted(晕倒)_ he was tired and hungry.*_it is known to all,the earth moves round the sun.*_ you cant answer the question,per
8、haps wed better ask someone else.*The old lady doesnt go out in winter,_ she feels the cold a great deal.BecausebecauseAsSincefor下列情况只能用because1 回答why问句时2 用于强调句型中3 被 not 否定时三.so that “以便，为了”(表示目的)=in order thatso that “以致于，结果”(表示结果)He got up early so that he could catch the first bus.He got up late
9、so that he didnt catch the first bus.It was very cold,so that the water in the bowl froze.She took medicine on time so that she might get well soon.“为了”“结果”“结果”“为了”sothat；suchthat“如此以致于”他是如此聪明的男孩,我们大家都喜欢他.He is _ a clever boy that all of us like him.她被吓坏了,以致哭了起来.She was _ frightened that she started
10、 crying.这是一个如此美丽的公园，以致人们喜欢在里面玩.It is _ beautiful a park that people enjoy playing in it.There is _ much ink in the bottle that you can use it.There are _ many texts in the book that we cant finish learning this term.suchsosososo小结：such +名词（词组）thatso +形容词/副词 that六.if,whether “是否”She asked _ I took su
11、gar in my tea.I dont care _it doesnt rain.=I dont care _ it rain or not._ he will come or not is unknown.They discussed_they should help her.We are considering _ to go.It is still a question _ they will finish the task in time.ifwhether/ifwhetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhether七.whether 和 if 的区别1.I dont
12、 care whether he will attend my birthday party or not.I dont care whether or not he will attend my birthday party.2.I havent decided whether to leave or not.3.Whether they will go to the Great Wall is not known.和not连用whether可接不定式引导主语从句，放在句首时，只能用whether whether 和 if 的区别4.The question whether we will
13、take part in the physics contest has not been decided.The question is whether we can finish the task on time.5.It depends on whether you want to do it or not.引导同位语从句、表语从句，通常用whetherwhether可做介词的宾语从句的连接词Practice:1.Hurry up,_ youll be late.2.Study hard,_ youll make progress.3.I had tried hard,_ I faile
14、d.4.I was going to jump into the river _ the guide called out to me.5.She could _ read German _ speak it well.orandbutwhenbothand6.You may _ do it yourself _ leave it to me.7.I cant swim,_ can my sister.8.It must be raining,_ it is so dark outside.9.The problem was very hard,_,we worked it out in th
15、e end.eitherorneitherforotherwise10.She had much difficulty in studying English,_we should give her more help.11.We have studied English for only a year,_ we can already act plays in English12._ he _ I am from the north.13.You can _ stay at school _Come to spend the holiday with us.sobutNot onlybut
16、alsoeitheror14.I dont know him,_ do I know where he comes from.15.He was very tired,_ he kept on working.16.You may watch TV,_ only for half an hour or so.17.Come _ today _ tomorrow.18.I was ill,and _ could not come.nor yetbuteitherorthereforeas 引导让步，要用倒装Child as he is,he knows a lot.Much as I like
17、it,I wont buy.Try as he would,he couldnt lift the heavy box.A.when/When B.while/WhileC.as/As1._ he comes tomorrow,I shall ask him where he has been.2._ he was speaking,everybody listened carefully.3._ they picked tea,the girls sang happily.4.Have a good look at that man _ you pass him.5.It was already eight oclock _ we got home.6._ coal is burned,the chemical energy is turned into heat energy.7.He learned to speak German _ he was in Berlin.8.Henry is in charge of the office_ Mr.Smith is away.9.I was going out _a visitor came.10.Some people respect him _others are afraid of him.ABCCAABAA/BB
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