1、栏目导引语法精讲考点整合语法专练知能闯关第二部分 第六讲欢迎来到英语课堂第六讲 非谓语动词一、非谓语动词作定语非谓语动词位置语态特征时态特征现在分词过去分词不定式单个的现在分词多前置,现在分词短语一般后置。doing表示主动being done表示被动。动作正在进行单个的过去分词多前置,过去分词短语常后置被动动作已经完成后置to do表示主动，to be done表示被动动作尚未发生温馨提示 表示心理状态的动词ing形式，意为“令人的”；动词ed形式，意为“(人)感到的”，也可修饰体现内心感受的look，expression，tears，smile，voice等名词。B 2.(2014高考山东
2、卷)There is a note pinned to the door _ when the shop will open again.Asaying BsaysCsaid Dhaving said A 二、非谓语动词作状语类型用法例句不定式作状语1.表示目的2.表示结果不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，动词不定式前面常加only。(2014高考湖北卷)Hes the only student in the class that has been selected to take part in the Model United Nations conference.He arrived
3、at the station hurrily，only to be told that the tickets have none.类型用法例句现在分词作状语一般式doing表示动作和谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生，与句子的主语是主动关系。The house is empty except for one shelf standing in a corner.(2013高考大纲全国卷)I got to the office earlier that day，having caught the 7：30 train from Paddington.完成式having done表示动作发生在谓语动作之
4、前。类型用法例句现在分词作状语过去分词作状语被动式having been done表示动作发生在谓语动作之前,与句子的主语是被动关系。(2014高考江西卷)Having spent nearly all our money,we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel.过去分词作状语时，与句子主语之间是被动关系。Founded after the war，the hospital carries on offering good service.A C 三、非谓语动词作宾语情况常用动词只接不定式作宾语的动词只接动名词作宾语的动词或短语hope，want，offer，
5、long，fail,expect，wish，ask，decide，pretend，manage，agree，afford，determine，promise，happenmind，miss，enjoy，imagine，practise，suggest，finish，escape，excuse，appreciate,admit，prevent，keep，dislike，avoid，risk，resist，considercant help，feel like，succeed in，be fond of，object to，get down to，be engaged in，insist on，t
6、hink of，be proud of，take pride in，set about，be afraid of，be tired of，look forward to，devote oneself to，be worth，be busy，pay attention to，stick to情况常用动词两者都可以begin，start，like，love，hate，prefer，continue(接不定式多指具体的动作，接动名词多指一般或习惯行为)need，want，require(接动名词主动形式表示被动意义，若接不定式则应用被动形式)stop to do(停止手中事，去做另一件事)，stop
7、 doing(停止正在做的事)意义基本相同意义相反情况常用动词两者都可以remember/forget/regret to do(指动作尚未发生)，remember/forget/regret doing(指动作已经发生)go on to do(接着做另一件事),go on doing(接着做同一件事)try to do(设法，努力去做，尽力),try doing(试着去做，看有何结果)mean to do(打算做，企图做),mean doing(意思是,意味着)cant help to do(不能帮忙做)，cant help doing(忍不住要做)意义不同1(2014高考陕西卷)Its q
8、uite hot today.Do you feel like _ for a swim?Ato go BgoingCgo Dhaving gone 解析：考查非谓语动词作宾语。句意：今天很热。你想去游泳吗？feel like意为“想要”，后面接名词、代词或动名词。feel like doing sth.表示“想要做某事”，符合语境。D项having gone表示动作已完成，不符合语境。B 2(2014高考江西卷)When it comes to _ in public，no one can match him.Aspeak BspeakingCbeing spoken Dbe spoken
9、B四、非谓语动词作宾语补足语类型常见动词与宾语的逻辑关系及时间例句不定式ask，beg，expect，get，order，tell,want,wish，encourage(带to)have，notice，see，watch，hear，feel，let，make(不带to)主谓关系。强调动作将发生或已经完成。I asked him to help me.我喊他帮助我。I heard him call me several times.我听见他叫了我好几次。类型常见动词与宾语的逻辑关系及时间例句现在分词过去分词notice，see,watch,hear,find,keep,havefeel,lea
10、ve主谓关系。强调动作正在进行,尚未完成。I found her listening to the radio.我发现她在听收音机。动宾关系。动作已经完成，多强调状态。(2013高考北京卷)When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home.当看到道路被雪堵住的时候，我们决定在家里度假。B 2(2014高考四川卷)The manager was satisfied to see many new products _ after great effort.Ahaving developed
11、 Bto developCdeveloped DdevelopC五、非谓语动词作主语、表语主语动名词 表示抽象的、一般的行为(2014高考江苏卷)Having a baby in her unmarried state would have brought shame on the family in China，so she probably kept my existence a secret.在中国在她未婚的情况下生孩子会给家庭带来耻辱，所以她或许保守我的存在秘密。不定式it常作形式主语，不定式为真正的主语To see is to believe./Seeing is believing
12、.It is important to respect people.表语 不定式表 示具 体 的 动作，特 别 是 将来的动作Their job is to build houses.His greatest wish was to be a famous artist.A 2(2014高考山东卷)Its standard practice for a company like this one_ a security officer.Aemployed Bbeing employedCto employ DemploysC3(2014高考福建卷)For those with family
13、members far away，the personal computer and the phone are important in staying_.Aconnected BconnectingCto connect Dto be connectedA 六、非谓语动词的时态和语态非谓语动词形式意义不定式一般式主动：to do被动：to be done不定式动作与谓语动词同时发生或发生在谓语动词之后。进行式to be doing谓语动词发生时,不定式表示的动作正在进行。完成式主动：to have done被动：to have been done不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前。非谓语动词形式
14、意义动词ing形式一般式主动：doing被动：being done分词动作与谓语动作(几乎)同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后。完成式主动having done：被动：having been done表示分词动作先于谓语动作发生非谓语动词形式意义过去分词温馨 提示done表示被动与完成having been done与done作状语时没有明显区别，可互换，但having been done不能作定语。不及物动词的过去分词，只表示完成，不表示被动。(2013高考湖南卷)The sun began to rise in the sky，bathing the mountain in golden lig
15、ht.太阳开始在空中升起，使山峦沐浴在金色光辉之中。Having been asked to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful film.我那天晚上因为被要求加班而错过了一场精彩的电影。Her first novel to be published next year is based on a true story.明年即将出版的她的第一本小说是基于一个真实的故事写的。D 2(2014高考北京卷)The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore，he can go shopping without _.Arecognizing Bbeing recognizedChaving recognized Dhaving been recognizedB 栏目导引语法精讲考点整合语法专练知能闯关第二部分 第六讲