1、栏目导引语法精讲考点整合语法专练知能闯关第二部分 第十讲欢迎来到英语课堂第十讲 并列句和状语从句一、并列连词和并列句常见并列连词表示并列关系表示选择关系表示递进关系and(和，同，又)，both.and.(两者都)，as well as(也，同)or/or else(否则)，otherwise(否则)，either.or.(或者或者)，not.but.(不是而是)and(而且)，not only.but also.(不但而且)，neither.nor.(既不也不)表示转折关系表示因果关系表示对比关系温馨提示but(但是)，yet(然而)，still(仍然)，however(然而)，nevert
2、heless(尽管如此)so(所以)，for(因为)while(而)although/though不能与but连用，但可以和yet，still连用。Although/Though we have grown up，our parents still treat us as children.We have grown up，but our parents still treat us as children.1(2014高考北京卷)Some animals carry seeds from one place to another，_ plants can spread to new plac
3、es.AsoBorCfor DbutA2(2014高考天津卷)Give me a chance，_ Ill give you a wonderful surprise.Aif BorCand DwhileC 3(2013高考重庆卷)Its not easy to change habits，_with awareness and selfcontrol，it is possible.Afor BorCbut DsoC 二、时间状语从句1when，while和as引导的时间状语从句when从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。作并列连词，意为
4、“那时，这时”，常用于be about to do.when.;be doing.when.;had just done.when.;be on the point of doing.when.等结构中。whileas从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生，强调一段时间，从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。while作并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行，可译为“一边；一边；随着”，从句谓语一般为延续性动词。2before与since 引导的时间状语从句(1)before 与since的常用句式连词词义常用句式before在之前；还未就；
5、才；还没来得及就It will(not)be 一段时间before.(没有)过时间才It was not long before.不久就It was 一段时间before.过了才连词词义常用句式since自从以来It is/has been 一段时间since.(从句用一般过去时)It was一段时间since.(从句用过去完成时)(2)since引导的从句如果用非延续性动词，所表示的是自从句谓语动作算起；若用延续性动词或状态动词，所表示的就是自动作或状态的完成或结束时算起。(2014高考新课标全国卷)But he is not content to simply record these v
6、oices before they disappear without record.但他不满足于简单地在这些东西消失之前把他们录制下来。As is reported，it is over 100 years since QinghuaUniversity was founded.据报道，自清华大学建立以来已有一百多年了。It has been three years since he smoked.自从他戒烟已经三年了。John thinks it wont be long before he is ready for his new job.约翰认为他不久就会为新工作做好准备了。The m
7、oment I heard the voice，I knew father was coming.我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.我刚到办公室，我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started c
8、heering.他刚结束演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。4引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(1)until与till引导的时间状语从句until/till意为“直到时”，引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。当主句的谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式；当主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词时，主句常用否定形式，意为“直到才”。(2)every/each time，next time，the first time，whenever等引导的时间状语从句。(3)by the time引导时间状语从句时，从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时；从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。Whenever
9、we met with difficulties，they came to help us.每当我们遇到困难，他们就来帮忙。By the time you come back，we will have finished the job.当你回来的时候，我们将已经完成这项工作了。1(2014高考江西卷)It was the middle of the night _ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.Athat Bas Cwhich Dwhen D2(2014高考陕西卷)The young couple，who
10、 returned my lost wallet，left _I could ask for their names.Awhile Bbefore Cafter DsinceB三、让步状语从句让步状语从句although；though；even if/though(即使)；whether.or(not).(不管还是)；while(尽管)；疑问词ever/no matter疑问词(不管；无论)Although regular exercise is very important，its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.Whil
11、e I always felt I would pass the exam，I never thought I would get an A.温馨提示(1)although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序，though在引导让步状语从句时可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序。as引导让步状语从句须用倒装。Try as he might，he couldnt solve the problem.(2014高考江苏卷)Lessons can be learned to face the future，though history cannot be changed.(2)though还可作副词单独置于句
12、末，意为“但是，可是不过”。Its hard work，I enjoy it though.(3)whoever，whatever，whomever，whichever还可以引导名词性从句。The government has promised to do whatever helps to solve the problem of unemployment.C2(2013高考山东卷)_I have to give a speech，I get extremely nervous before I start.AWhatever BWheneverCWhoever DHowever 解析：句意
13、：每当我必须演讲时，在开始前，我都变得非常紧张。whatever“任何事物，一切事物；无论怎样”，引导名词性从句或让步状语从句；whenever“每当；无论什么时候”，引导时间状语从句或让步状语从句；whoever“的人；无论是谁，不管是谁”引导名词性从句或让步状语从句；however“不管怎样”，引导让步状语从句。故只有whenever符合句意。B四、条件状语从句、原因状语从句与地点状语从句从句类型引导词例句条件状语从句if；unless(除非，如果不)；so(as)long as(只要);once；in case(万一)；on condition that(条件是)；supposing/s
14、uppose(that)(假设；如果);provided/providing(that)(如果)(2014高考大纲全国卷)Unless some extra money is found,the theatre will close.(2014高考广东卷)As long as there is kindness and virtue，the world will become more beautiful.Once they decide which college to go to，students should research the admission procedures.从句引导词
15、例句原因状语从句because；since；as；now(that)；seeing/considering(that)(考虑到；既然)Mum，could I go out to play now？Let me see.Yes，since you have finished all your school assignments.As/Now that everybody is here，lets begin our discussion.He must be ill，for he is absent today.从句引导词例句地点状语从句where；whereverA number of hi
16、gh buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins.Where there is a will，there is a way.Make a mark where you have any questions.(地点状语从句)Make a mark at the place where you have any questions.(定语从句)1(2014高考湖南卷)You will never gain success _ you are fully devoted to your work.Awhen B
17、becauseCafter DunlessD 2(2014高考四川卷)Ill be out for some time._ anything important happens，call me up immediately.AIn case BAs ifCEven though DNow thatA 3(2014高考重庆卷)Half an hour later，Lucy still couldnt get a taxi _ the bus had dropped her.AuntilBwhenCalthoughDwhereD 五、目的状语从句、结果状语从句与方式状语从句从句引导词例句目的状语从
18、句so that；in order that；in case(以防)；for fear that(唯恐，以免)Speak louder so that/in order that the people in the hall can hear you.The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him.从句引导词例句结果状语从句方式状语从句so that；so.that；such.thatThe little boy saved every coin so that he cou
19、ld buy his mother a present on Mothers Day.Jack is so honest a worker/such an honest worker that we all believe him.He got so little money that his family had to live on welfare.as if/though，asThe house was greatly damaged by the truck.Wed better leave things as they are until the police arrive.The old man treats the boy as if he were his own son.D 栏目导引语法精讲考点整合语法专练知能闯关第二部分 第十讲