1、课下题型练(一)Reading and Thinking.阅读理解ACan you imagine that you can save your own life during a heart attack by coughing? Lets see how .A heart attack can happen to anyone. Lets say its 4：17 pm and youre driving home (alone of course) after an unusually hard day on the job. Not only was the workload extr
2、emely heavy, but you also had a disagreement with your boss, and no matter how hard you tried, he just wouldnt see your side of the situation. Youre really upset and the more you think about it, the more nervous you become.All of a sudden you start experiencing severe pain in your chest that starts
3、to spread out into your arm and up to your jaw (下巴).You are only about five miles from the hospital nearest your home, but unfortunately you dont know if youll be able to make it that far.What can you do? Youve been trained in CPR but the guy who taught the course didnt tell you how to perform it on
4、 yourself.Since many people are alone when they suffer a heart attack, this article seems in order. Without help the person whose heart stops beating properly and who begins to feel faint (眩晕的) has only about 10 seconds left before losing consciousness. However, these victims can help themselves by
5、coughing repeatedly and very powerfully. A deep breath should be taken before each cough, and the cough must be deep and last long, as when producing sputum (痰) from deep inside the chest. A breath and a cough must be repeated about every two seconds without stopping until help arrives, or until the
6、 heart feels to be beating normally again. Deep breaths get oxygen into the lungs (肺) and coughing movements squeeze the heart and keep the blood circulating.The squeezing pressure on the heart also helps it regain normal rhythm. In this way, heart attack victims can get to a phone and, between brea
7、ths, call for help.Now, do you understand the whole matter? Tell as many other people as possible about this. It could save their lives!语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在心脏病发作时如何利用咳嗽自救。1According to the passage, CPR is most probably something done to . Aregain someones breath and heart beatBhelp someone treat a
8、 heart attack by himselfCteach people how to stay in good stateDtrain people how to stay calm when facing dangers解析：选A推理判断题。由文章和常识可知，心脏病发作时会呼吸困难，心跳可能会停止，再结合第四段中的Youve been trained in CPR but the guy who taught the course didnt tell you how to perform it on yourself.可以推测CPR是帮助患者重获呼吸和心跳的急救措施。2Accordin
9、g to Paragraph 5, coughing during a heart attack helps . Ato relax the heartBto get oxygen into the lungsCto keep the blood circulatingDto reduce the pain in the chest解析：选C细节理解题。由第五段最后一句中的coughing movements squeeze the heart and keep the blood circulating可知C项正确。3We can learn from the passage that .
10、Aa long days work usually results in heart attacksBnot only the chest aches when one suffers a heart attackCpeople should attend a CPR course to survive heart attacksDone should cough loudly immediately when ones chest aches解析：选B细节理解题。由第三段中的All of a sudden you start experiencing severe pain in your
11、chest that starts to spread out into your arm and up to your jaw(下巴).可知，心脏病发作时除胸口会痛外，手臂和下巴也会痛。4In which section of a newspaper can you read this passage?AHealth Care.BAdvertisement.CFamily. DTeaching.解析：选A文章出处题。本文介绍的是医学常识，由此可以推断其应出现在医疗保健的版面上。BImagine this: Youre bleeding. Nothing seems to make it st
12、op. Then you apply a gel to your wound, and the blood stops coming out within seconds. Youre healed in minutes. This is the VetiGel, created by Joe Landolina a 22yearold who invented the product many years ago.Landolina is now the founder and CEO of Suneris, a company that produces the gel. Suneris
13、announced last week that it would begin to ship VetiGel to vets later this summer. Humans wont be far behind.When injected into a wound site, the gel can form a clot within 12 seconds and heal the wound within minutes. Once it hits the damaged tissue, whether its open skin or a soft organlivers, kid
14、neysthe gel instantly forms a structure. “What that means, on the one hand, is that the gel will make a structure that holds the wound together，” Landolina says.As fastacting as VetiGel is, its inventor may be faster. Landolina invented an early version of the gel out of his grandfathers lab. He was
15、 still in high school. Over the next four and a half years, Landolina turned the prototype into a business. The first product costs 150. Landolina says Suneris has its sights set on US first, followed by a release in Europe and Asia sometime early next year.A few years down the line, Landolina says,
16、 the goal will be to expand out of vet offices to help treat members of our own species. He forecasts receiving FDA approval within the year for testing on human wounds. If all goes according to plan, VetiGel will first help military personnel and EMTs treat injuries. Then it will enter operating ro
17、oms and, finally, individual homes.Landolina says Suneris has yet to observe any negative side effects of VetiGel. The company holds weekly meetings with vets to ensure the product meets their needs.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一位叫作Joe Landolina的少年，发明了一种止血凝胶。5Why does the writer use the underlined sentences
18、?ATo tell the readers how to stop the bleeding.BTo arouse the readers interest in the topic.CTo show what is the best way to heal wound.DTo tell the readers how to avoid injuries.解析：选B推理判断题。根据句意可知，作者用画线句子是为了让读者设身处地地想自己流血的情况，从而引起读者对这个话题的兴趣。6What will the VetiGel be first used to treat?AVets. BHumans.
19、CAnimals. DStudents.解析：选C细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的Suneris announced last week that it would begin to ship VetiGel to vets later this summer. Humans wont be far behind.可知，让兽医先在动物身上试用该药品。7What made the VetiGel stop bleeding?AThe soft organ. BThe damaged tissue.CThe wound. DThe clot.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段第一句When injec
20、ted into a wound site, the gel can form a clot within 12 seconds and heal the wound within minutes.可知，是药在伤口上形成一个凝块也就是clot才帮助止血。8If the medicine enters individual homes, it must Aget the permission from FDABhave some negative side effectsCmeet needs of some companiesDexpand out of the hospitals解析：选A细
21、节理解题。根据第五段第二句He forecasts receiving FDA approval within the year for testing on human wounds.可知，得到FDA(食品药品监督管理局)的认证才能在人类身上使用。 CAbout 20 years ago, I took a job in a small hospitals emergency department. No one wanted to work on New Years Eve, so the shift (轮班) went to me. I kissed my family goodbye
22、and went off to spend the night in the hospital. It was a thankless job.At 9 pm, the ambulance brought in a man in his 60s who was having a heart attack. His face was pale, and he was frightened. The whole night I did my best to save his life. Before I left in the morning to spend New Year with my f
23、amily, I stopped by to see how he was doing. It was still tough, but he had survived the night and was sleeping.The following year I got New Years Eve duty again. At 9 pm sharp, the ward clerk told me there was a couple who wanted to speak with me. When I approached them, the man introduced himself
24、as Mr Lee and said, “You probably dont remember me, but last New Years Eve you saved my life. Thank you for the year you gave me.” He and his wife hugged me, handed me a small gift, and left.The following year a new doctor had joined the group, but I wanted to see if Mr and Mrs Lee would return. Thi
25、s time, I volunteered for the shift. I kept an eye on the door. Once again, at exactly 9 pm, the Lees appeared, carrying a warmly wrapped bundle. It was their new grandchild. Mr Lee, his family and I spent 13 New Years Eves together. In the later years the staff all knew about the story and would wo
26、rk to give me time with him in the break room, where we spent a halfhour each New Years Eve.The last year I saw him, he brought me a gift. I carefully opened the package and found a crystal (水晶) bell inside. It was engraved (镌刻) with a single word: Friendship. Now, my family, friends and I ring that
27、 bell every New Years Eve at exactly 9 pm and offer our best wishes to the man who we wont forget.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了多年前，作者在除夕夜挽救了一位因心脏病发作而生命垂危的病人的生命的故事，向人们展示了一段令人难忘的友谊。9Why was working on New Years Eve considered “a thankless job”？AMost patients were seriously ill.BPatients refused to express tha
28、nks.CDoctors had nothing to do on that day.DDoctors couldnt get praise for the hard job.解析：选D推理判断题。根据文章所叙述并且结合实际，可推知在除夕夜值班是一件出力不讨好的工作，所以选D项。10How was Mr Lee when the author left the hospital the next morning?AHe was really angry with her.BHe was still in a state of danger.CHe got ready to leave the
29、hospital.DHe recovered from his heart attack.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段中的It was still tough, but he had survived the night and was sleeping.可知， Mr Lee的情况还是不乐观的，所以选B项。11According to the passage, the author formed a habit of . Acelebrating New Years Eve with her familyBgiving New Year gifts to the hospital staf
30、fCspending New Years Eve with Mr Lee in the hospitalDringing the bell for patients in the emergency department解析：选C推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的Mr Lee, his family and I spent 13 New Years Eves together.可知，13年来，作者与李先生一家都在医院庆祝新年的到来，这都成为一种习惯了，所以选C项。12Why does the author ring the bell on New Years Eve?ATo honor her w
31、orking experience.BTo tell kids the traditional custom.CTo show the beginning of the holiday.DTo remember an old friend of hers.解析：选D细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的Now, my family, friends and I ring that bell every New Years Eve at exactly 9 pm and offer our best wishes to the man who we wont forget.可知，他们敲那个钟是为了纪念M
32、r Lee，所以选D项。.阅读七选五Most people actually do not know how to do basic first aid on mild burns. It is normally taken for granted that soaking (浸泡) the burn with water is the way to go. 1 Once the burn appears you will surely feel much pain on the actual burnt skin. Technically, this is the time to stay
33、calm. 2 Finding a source of running water is recommended. However, if there is none, any source will do. If there is running water, simply place the burnt area under it and allow it to soak in the water for about 5 to 10 minutes. 3 If you have access to ice or a cold compress (冷敷布), you can use that
34、 as well. You can place the ice or cold compress on the affected area and leave it there about 15 to 30 minutes. The ice will numb the pain and will also stop more injuries on the skin. After soaking in water or cooling the area with ice, remove from the water source and allow the moisture to dry na
35、turally. You may also consider patting it dry with a towel or napkin; however, this could damage the burnt skin even more. 4 As soon as the area dries completely, get a bandage or a strip of cloth. 5 This will protect that area from infection caused by outside dirt and dust getting into the open bur
36、n. AIt is best to dry it naturally instead.BCall a doctor may as well help in most burn cases.CWrap it around the burn to cover the open area of skin.DThe first thing you need to do is find a clean water source.EThe truth is that soaking is the last thing to do to deal with mild burns.FThis will rel
37、ieve some of the pain, cool down the skin, and stop additional burning.GThe thing is that treating a mild burn goes more than just soaking the affected part in water.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何正确处理轻微的烧伤。1选G上文提到It is normally taken for granted that soaking (浸泡) the burn with water is the way to go (人们想当然地认
38、为把烧伤处用水浸泡是正确的方法).再结合下文提到的处理步骤可知G项(问题是处理轻微的烧伤不仅仅是把受伤的部分浸泡在水中)符合语境，与上下文衔接。2选D下文提到Finding a source of running water is recommended(建议寻找流动水源).故D项(你要做的第一件事是找到清洁的水源)能够引出下文，切题。故选D。3选F上文提到If there is running water, simply place the burnt area under it and allow it to soak in the water for about 5 to 10 minu
39、tes (如果有流动的水，把烧伤的地方放在水下冲洗，在水中浸泡5到10分钟).F项(这会减轻痛苦、冷却皮肤、防止烧伤加重)说明这么做的好处，切题。4选A上文提到You may also consider patting it dry with a towel or napkin; however, this could damage the burnt skin even more (你也可以考虑用毛巾或餐巾把它擦干，然而，这可能会对烧伤的皮肤造成更大的伤害).故A项(最好的方法是自然干燥)切题。5选C上文提到As soon as the area dries completely, get a bandage or a strip of cloth (一旦皮肤完全干燥，就找块绷带或布条).C项(将其包裹在烧伤处，以覆盖皮肤的开放区域)与上文衔接，切题。