1、Section Grammar定语从句()新知导引用适当的“介词关系代词”填写下面教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征。1These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people,_ Guangxi is home.2But perhaps what is most significant is the way _ people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.3This forms clouds _ rain falls
2、down onto the mountain terraces once again.to whomin whichfrom which4Although modern technology could help produce more crops,these terraces still mean a lot to the local people _ traditions hold much value.5There are hundreds of waterways,_ rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces.f
3、or whomalong which语法精释引导定语从句时 where 与 in which 有时可互换，有时不能互换，注意以下几点：一、关系副词与“介词which”互换的情形当“介词which”在定语从句中作时间、地点和原因状语时，可以用相应的关系副词 when，where 和 why 来替换。1when 根据情况可以等于 in which，at which，on which 等。如：*The day when(on which)she arrived was Thursday.她到的那天是星期四。*July and August are the months when(in which)t
4、he weather is hot.七八月是天气很热的月份。这种替换有时出现在非限制性定语从句中。如：*Well put off the picnic until next week,when(by then)the weather may be better.我们将把野餐推迟到下星期，那时天气可能会好一点。2where 根据情况可以等于 in which，at which，on which 等。如：*This is the hotel where(in which/at which)they were staying.这就是他们当时住的旅店。*Do you remember the plac
5、e where(at which)we had lunch？你记得我们吃午饭的地方吗？这种替换有时出现在非限制性定语从句中。如：*The Tower of London,where(in which)so many people lost their lives,is now a tourist attraction.在伦敦塔中曾有许多人丧命，它现在是旅游胜地。3why 若要换成“介词which”只能是 for which。如：*The reason why(for which)I came here was to be with my family.我到这里来的原因是要跟我的家里人在一起。*
6、My success in business,the reason why(for which)he dislikes me，has been due to hard work.他为我在事业上的成功而不喜欢我，我的成功归功于我努力工作。但是，反过来，for which 并不一定能换成 why。如：*The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.他们找寻的文件已经找到了。二、关系副词与“介词 which”不能互换的情形1有些语境需要用特定的介词来明确其关系，此时若换成关系副词，则会导致意思不明确或句意不通顺。如：*
7、The ladder on which I was standing began to slip.我脚下的梯子开始向下滑动。(句中的 on which 不能换成 where，否则意思不明确)*This I did at nine oclock,after which I sat reading the paper.九点钟时我做这事，之后我坐着看报。(句中的 after which 不能换成 when，否则意思不明确)2当“介词which”后面接有被 which 修饰的名词时，通常不能用关系副词代替。如：*We arrived at noon,by which time the parade w
8、as over.我们是中午到的，这时游行已结束。(句中的 by which time 不能换成 when 或where，因为 which 后跟有它所修饰的名词 time)3当“介词which”并不表示时间、地点或原因时，自然不能换成关系副词。如：*There are three principal routes by which one can drive to North Wales.开车到北威尔士，有 3 条主要路线可走。(句中的 by which 不能换成 when 或 where，因为这里的 by which 并不表示时间或地点，介词by 在此表示“通过”)*This is a sub
9、ject about which we might argue for a long while.这是一个我们可能长时间争论的问题。(句中的 about which 不能换成 when或 where，因为这里的 about which 并不表示时间或地点，介词 about在此表示“关于”，所涉及的搭配是 argue about)即学即练 单句语法填空(1)He was educated at a local grammar school,_ which he went on to Cambridge.(2)Gun control is a subject _ which Americans h
10、ave argued for a long time.(3)Wind power is an ancient source of energy _ which we may return in the near future.(4)The English play _ which my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.after about to in(5)The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months,_ which the saili
11、ng time was 226 days.(6)Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _ which people were eaten by the tiger.(7)She showed the visitors around the museum,_ which the construction had taken more than three years.(8)The place _ which the bridge is su
12、pposed to be built should be _ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.of inof at where.单句语法填空1The man _ whom this house belongs is a friend of Wang Lins.2I dont have enough money _ which I can buy such an expensive dress.3I felt angry about the way _ I was treated when I was shopping.4Scientists th
13、ink calculation is a necessary skill _ which they base their researches.5The reason _ I was late for school was that my bike broke down halfway.to with that on why6The great pianist performed in the centre of the stage,at _ command the keys were producing wonderful tunes(曲调)7The reason _ which he wa
14、s late for the meeting was that he was stuck in a traffic jam.8The film in _ he played the leading role was a great success.9The house _ which he paid 200,000 yuan is now worth 350,000 yuan.10The man _ whom I received a letter was my brother.11The chair _ which you spent 500 yuan is made of stone.12
15、Bill set up a club for football fans,_ which he invited all his friends.whose for which for fromon to.用“介词which”转换下面的句子1The mines where I worked were 9 km from my house._2The reason why I got a job was that I worked hard._3The time when I arrived was late at night._The mines in which I worked were 9
16、 km from my house.The reason for which I got a job was that I worked hard.The time at which I arrived was late at night.4The government where we voted was very grand._5The date when I joined the ANC Youth League was the 5th of August._The government in which we voted was very grand.The date on which I joined the ANC Youth League was the 5th of August.