1、Book 3 Unit 4语言导学案【自主学习】Task I单词：1.系统 n._ 2.理论 n._3.猛烈的 adj._4.不像不同于 prep._5.有害的 adj._6.存在 vi._7.使困惑 vt._systemtheoryviolentunlikeharmfulexistpuzzle词组：8.及时;终于 _ 9.下蛋 _10.产生;分娩 _ 11.轮到某人 _12.阻止;制止 _ 13.感到高兴;感到振奋 _14.既然 _ 15.突发;爆发 _16.密切注意;当心;提防 _in timelay eggsgive birth to in ones turnprevent.fromch
2、eer upnow that break outwatch out 1.They were in time to produce carbon dioxide,nitrogen,water vapour and other gases,which were to make the earths atmosphere.译文：他们最终产生了二氧化碳，氮气，水蒸气和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。2.They multiplied and filled the oceans with oxygen,which encouraged the later development of early
3、shellfish and all sorts of fish.译文：他们繁殖起来就使海洋充满了氧气，这为早期的贝类及其他各种鱼类后来的进化创造了条件。Task II:structure analysis:解析：以上两句的which 引导的是非限制性定语从句。练习：1)李明迟到了，这使张先生生气。Li Ming was late,which made Mr.Zhang angry.2)他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,which pre
4、vents heat from escaping from the earth into space.*in time:1)及时；2)sooner or later迟早Youll learn how to do it in time.你早晚能学会做这件事。我赶得上那趟火车吗？Will I be _ the train?*in time(for sth./to do sth.):not latein time for/to catch与time相关的短语:in no time for the time being from time to time at times at a timeat on
5、e time once upon a timeon timeat no time立刻,马上暂时不时地有时每次从前,曾经,一度从前,很久以前按时;准时决不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装)1.每次服两粒。Take two pills _.2.他曾经那么沉迷于弹钢琴。He was _ so devoted to piano playing.3.从前有一个公主。_ there was a princess.4.闹钟准时把我闹醒了。The alarm clock awoke me _.5.我及时赶上了飞往伦敦的航班。I arrived just _ my flight to London.at a tim
6、eat one time Once upon a time on timein time for 6.我马上就回来。Ill be back _.7.有时海上波涛汹涌，她就会晕船。It was quite rough _,and she was seasick.8.目前下结论尚早。_ it is still early to come to any conclusion.9.他生病的时候她的女儿们时常去探望他。Her daughters visited him _ when he was ill.10.在任何时候你都不应放弃读书。_ should you give up studying.in
7、no timeat timesFor the time being from time to time At no time 3.It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.译文：水会对于生命的发展起关键作用,这一点在当时并不太明显.解析：It is/was obvious/clear that.很明显It 引导的类似句型：It is an honor that 非常荣幸It is natural that很自然 It is strange that奇怪的是
8、 It seems that 似乎 It is reported that 据报道 It is said that 据说 4.This produced,which made it possible for life to develop.*make+it+adj./n.+(for sb)to do O.-clause 我已养成凡事从容不迫的习惯。Ive made _ a rule _.我们必须让每个学生清楚英语是非常有用的。We must make _ clear to every student _ English is _ great use.it never to hurry.it t
9、hatofThis disappearance made possible the rise of mammals on the earth.它(指恐龙)的灭绝使地球上哺乳动物的产生有了可能.*make+sb./sth.(O.)+adj./n.(O.C.)这句为使句子结构保持平衡，将较长的宾语(名词短语)移置补足语之后.望远镜使人们能够观察遥远的星球。The telescope _ the _ of the far-off starsmade possibleobservationTask III:理解课文一些单词的词性变化及重点词组的用法。词性互换：solar(adj.)sun(n)reli
10、gion(n.)_(adj.)globe(n.)_(adj.)violent(adj.)_(n.)present(adj.)_(n.)react(v.)_(n.)religiousglobalviolencepresencereaction练习：1.Some students were doing a _(biology)experiment in the lab with the help of the teacher.2.What made her surprised was that her parents _(react)to the news was very calm.3.Afte
11、r a long journey,the couple returned home,safe but _(exhaust).biologyreactionexhausted 4._(globe)warming will bring changes to the weather patterns of the whole world.5.Was he at the meeting yesterday?I didnt notice his _(present).6.With the development of science and technology,people can use _(sun
12、)energy to do many things.Globalpresence solarTask IV：Important words and expressions1.fundamental 基础的，根本的，重要的be fundamental to.对.是必要的(不可缺的)必须苦干才能成功.Hard work is fundamental to success.新鲜空气对于身体健康是必不可少的。Fresh air is fundamental to good health.2.They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxyg
13、en,multiply v.-reproduce in large numbers 1)It is possible to multiply these bacteria in the laboratory.2)6 _(multiply)by 3 _(be)18multipliedis动词原形第三人称单数过去式 过去分词 现在分词中文释义lieliesliedliedlying撒谎;谎话lie lieslaylainlying躺;位于lay layslaidlaidlaying放置;下蛋3.They produced young generally by laying eggs.它们一般是通过
14、孵蛋而繁衍后代的.（P26-39)young:adj.年幼的,有朝气的,青年的 n.pl 年轻人,幼小的动物,崽 lie vi.说谎，躺着lay vt.放置;下（蛋）用lie或lay的正确形式填空：1)Crocodiles produce young generally by laying eggs.2)Guangdong lies in the south of China while Beijing in the north.3)He lied about his reasons for being late.4)Please help me lay the table.Supper is
15、 to be ready.5)Its wonderful lying/to lie on the beach all day.4.exist vi.to be,to be real存在;to live生存英语中没有这个字。That word _ in English.她只靠牛奶生存。She _ only _ milk.The elephant is the largest animal in _.This is the only _ copy of his last poem.*in existence 现存的*come into existence 开始存在；成立(不能用于进行时态)does
16、nt existexisted onexistenceexistent/existing(现存的)4.They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.5._,they have,_,become the most important animals on the planet.于是,他们接着成为了这个行星上最重要的动物.thus：adv.with this result,hencee.g.There has been no rain._,the crops are likely to suf
17、fer.Thusin their turnThus6.in ones turn 轮流,一个接着一个既然我已经买了蔬菜，就该由Tom 来做菜了。Now that I have finished buying,Tom should cook in his turn.拓展 in turn 依次 turn around 转身 turn up 调高,出现 turn down 减少,拒绝 turn off 关掉 turn on 打开用上面的词组填空：1)The help we give to others will in turn give ourselves pleasure.2)He tried to
18、 join the army but he was turned down because of poor health.3)My boss hasnt turned up-I hope he isnt ill.6.,which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.prevent.from.阻止，制止；妨碍我们必须采取措施防止河流受到污染。We must do something to prevent the river from being polluted.我们能做什么来防止这场事故的发生呢？What can we d
19、o to prevent this accident(from)happening?prevent sb.(from)doing sth.=stopsb.(from)doing sth.=keepsb.fromdoing sth.我试图叫他不要再等她了。I tried to keep him from waiting for her.我试图让他等她。I tried to keep him waiting for her.在被动语态中,这三个句型中的from都不可省。Can earthquake be prevented/stopped/kept _(happen)?from happening
20、Task V:【合作探究】A 语法小测，选择适当的连词填空。1.It is not yet clear _ the local government will do to solve the housing problem.2._ the meeting will be put off is certain now.3._ children see and learn from people around them can help them understand how the world works.4.Tom is said to go abroad for further study.
21、However,_ he will set off hasnt been clear.5._ bus we should take is still a question.6._ the sun in the morning looks bigger than the sun at noon is an interesting topic.whatThatWhatwhenWhichWhy B翻译：1.在那些日子里，你要是不加提防就很容易受骗。In those days,you would be easily cheated if you dont watch out.2.突如其来的大火把我们吓
22、得要死，幸好被扑灭了，没有造成很大的损失。We were scared to death when the fire broke out.Fortunately,it was put out before it caused much damage.3.振作起来！事情并不像你想象得那么坏的，你不定还有机会。Cheer up!Things wont be as bad as you think.There certainly will be chances for you.4.不幸的是，我们被糟糕的天气所阻挡不能完成这个工程。Unfortunately,we were prevented from completing the project on time by the terrible weather.
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