1、1apology n道歉；谢罪apologise vi道歉；谢罪2ignore vt.忽视；对不予理会ignorant adj.无知的；不知道的ignorance n无知；愚昧3judge vt.&vi.评价；评判；判断 n法官；审判员；裁判员judgement n判断；审判；判断力4narrator n(书、戏剧或电影中的)叙述者；讲述者；(电视节目中的)幕后解说员narration n叙述；讲述；解说5mine n矿；矿井miner n矿工mining n采矿；采矿业6indicate vt.&vi.表明；显示 vt.象征；暗示indication n表明，暗示；预兆；说明7serve v
2、t.&vi.提供；服务servant n仆人；佣人8intend vt.&vi.打算intention n打算；计划；意图；目的1bet n打赌；赌注 vi.&vt.下赌注；用打赌 vt.敢说He bet $2，000 on the final score of the game.用打赌I bet that you are too late.敢说Weve got a bet on whos going to arrive first.打赌2indicate vt.&vi.表明；显示 vt.象征；暗示The study indicates that people who drink milk b
3、efore going to bed are more likely to fall asleep.显示There is a great deal of evidence indicating that music activities engage different parts of the brain.表明The symbols indicate different groups of sounds.象征Words and Phrasesapologise/apologize vi.道歉；谢罪(教材P50)Wang Zheng apologised to Chen because he
4、couldnt offer her more money.王征因为不能给陈更多的钱而向她道歉。例1He apologises to her for not going to her party.他因没出席她的派对向她表示歉意。例2However，when she hung up，she regretted the way she had handled the call.So she called Zac back and apologised.然而，当她挂断电话时，她后悔自己处理这通电话的方式。于是她给扎克回了电话，道了歉。知识拓展(1)apologise to sb.for(doing)s
5、th. 因(做)某事向某人道歉apologise to sb.that. 向某人道歉(2)apology n. 道歉make an apology to sb.for sth. 因某事向某人道歉即学即练单句语法填空/同义句转换Bill apologised to his friend for having kept her waiting for a long time.I made an apology(apologise) to my host and left early.The waitress apologised to me for making a mistake.The wai
6、tress made an apology to me for making a mistake.小片段助记I think I owe you an apology for the damage I have done to your bicycle，so now I apologise to you for my bad behavior and I sincerely hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.in return 作为回报；作为回应(教材P51)When we help someone，shou
7、ld we expect to get something in return?当我们帮助某人时，我们应该期望得到一些东西作为回报吗？例1I dont expect anything in return.我不指望得到任何回报。例2He wanted to do something in return for the kindness that she offered him.他想做点什么事来酬谢她给予他的好意。知识拓展in return for. 作为的交换；作为的报答in turn 轮流；依次；反过来by turns 轮流；时而时而a return ticket 往返票return to.
8、回到return sth.to sb. 把某物归还某人即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Can I buy you lunch in return for your help.The people begged to be allowed to return to their home village.英语老师让我们轮流背诵课文。Our English teacher asked us to recite the text in turn.她给了我们食物和衣服，没有要求任何回报。She gave us food and clothing and asked for nothing in retur
9、n理论以实践为基础，反过来又为实践服务。Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practicejudge vt.&vi.判断；评判；评价n法官；审判员；裁判员；评判员；鉴定人(教材P51)Should we judge people based on how much money they have?我们应该根据人们拥有金钱的多少来评价他们吗？例1Your speech was heard by five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.五个裁判听了
10、你的演讲，他们都同意这是今年最好的。例2If he had played a part in the film，he would have been judged to be the best actor this year.如果他当时出演了那部电影的话，他就会被评为今年的最佳男演员了。知识拓展(1)judge .from/by.从来判断judge between right and wrong 判断是非as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为(2)judging by/from 从上看；根据判断(3)judgement n. 判断；审判；判断力名师点津judging fr
11、om/by. 置于句首作状语。v.ing形式不受主语的限制，构成独立成分。类似用法的词或短语还有：generally speaking“一般来说”，frankly speaking“坦白地说”，considering.“考虑到”。即学即练单句语法填空Never judge a book by/from its cover.Judging(judge) from what he said，he was confident to win first prize in the Chinese Character Dictation Contest(汉字听写大赛)It was due to luck
12、rather than judgement(judge) that the driver succeeded in avoiding the accident.小片段助记There are five judges in the speech contest.As far as I can judge，it is wrong to judge the competitors only by their appearance.I think we should believe the judgement they make. However，judging from the reports，the
13、 result of it has been unclear.scene n(戏剧或歌剧的)场；现场；场面；景色；风光(教材P52)ACT 1，SCENE 3第一幕，第三场例1He is good at drawing a peaceful country scene.他擅长画宁静的乡村景色。例2Our reporter was the first person to arrive the scene.我们的记者是第一个到达出事地点的。知识拓展on the scene在现场；当场；在台上behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中明辨异同scene，scenery，sight，viewsc
14、ene指某一处的自然风光。scenery(总称)自然景物，天然风光，是由多个scene构成的自然风景。sight景象，风景，名胜，侧重值得看的事物或很难看的东西和很可笑的事物；视力，眼界。view景色，风景，侧重从人所处的角度(从远处或高处)所看到的景色。即学即练单句语法填空/用scene，sight，view，scenery的适当形式填空Nine people died on the scene and one more person died in hospital in the car crash.Such decisions are made behind the scenes，wit
15、hout public knowledge.On receiving the call，the police rushed to the scene，where a traffic accident happened.Guilin is famous for its beautiful sceneryThe scene is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.You can get a wonderful view at the top of the tower.The flowers are a lo
16、vely sight in spring.spot vt.发现；认出；点缀；看见；注意到 n斑点；污迹；处所；地点(教材P52)The next morning I was spotted by a ship.第二天早晨，一条大船发现了我。例1I played jokes on you just now.I spotted you in the crowd the moment I saw you.我刚才是跟你开玩笑的。我一眼就从人群里认出了你。例2The windscreen was spotted with rain.挡风玻璃上点点滴滴全是雨水。知识拓展spot sb.doing sth.
17、发现某人正在做某事on the spot/scene 当场；在现场名师点津spot作“地点”讲，用作定语从句的先行词时，从句如果缺少状语则用where引导定语从句，从句如果缺少主语或宾语则用that/which引导定语从句。即学即练单句语法填空I was waiting for my friend when I suddenly spotted a man not far from me staring(stare) at me.More than ten policemen turned up at the spot where the accident happened.He was dr
18、essed in a coat which was spotted (spot) with stars.小片段助记I finally spotted my friend in the crowd，who wore a white dress with pink spots.sort n种类；类别；品种 vt.整理，把分类(教材P52)Tell us，what sort of work did you do in America?告诉我们，你在美国是做什么行当的？例1John spent a happy weekend sorting out his coins and stamps.约翰在整理
19、他的硬币和邮票中度过了一个快乐的周末。例2There are all sorts of activities for kids at the campsite.在营地有为孩子们组织的各种各样的活动。知识拓展all sorts of.各种各样的a sort of. (表示不十分准确)近似于，有点像是sort ofkind of 有点，有几分(置于动词、形容词、副词之前)sort.into 把分类；按排列即学即练用sort的相关短语完成句子When he was pushing his bicycle out of the school gate，he was sort of(有点) surpri
20、sed to hear his name called.In my job，I have to deal with all sorts of(各种各样的) people so I have improved my ability to get along with others.The computer sorts the words into(按排列) alphabetical order.be about to do sth.即将或正要(做某事)(教材P52)Yes，I was about to go get the letter.好的，我正要去拿信呢。例1I was about to s
21、et off when she dropped in.我刚要动身，这时她来访了。例2I was about to leave the office when the bell rang.我刚要离开办公室，铃声就响了。知识拓展be about to do sth.whenbe on the point of doing sth.when正要做这时(突然)be doing. when. 正在做这时突然had just done.when. 刚做完这时(突然)即学即练完成句子约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了一声尖叫。John was studying in his room when he hear
22、d a scream.我正要放弃，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。I was about to give up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.I was on the point of giving up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.他们刚走了三英里，突然意识到他们的身份证忘在家里了。They had just covered three miles when they realised they had left their ID cards at home.Sentence P
23、atternsfind宾语宾语补足语(教材P52).and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.傍晚时，我发现我被一阵大风刮到了海上。句式分析find在句中接复合宾语，宾语是myself，宾语补足语是carried out。宾语补足语和宾语之间构成被动关系。例1When she came to life，she found herself surrounded by many people.当她醒过来时，发现自己被很多人围着。例2Yet，now that Im growing and the worl
24、d I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex，I find myself needing a way to escape.然而，随着我的成长，曾经简单的世界变得更加复杂，我发现自己需要一种逃避的方式。知识拓展find宾语宾补，宾补除了用过去分词充当外，还有以下几种形式：find宾语名师点津“find宾语宾语补足语”结构中，当宾语是不定式短语、v.ing形式或从句时，常用it作形式宾语，将真正的宾语置于宾语补足语之后。即学即练完成句子我们回到家时发现所有的灯都亮着。When we got home，we found all t
25、he lights on我发现在这么短的时间内完成这项工作是不可能的。I find it impossible to finish the work in such a short time.他发现他的父亲负债累累。He found his father in heavy debt她转过身，发现一个男人在盯着她看。She turned around and found a man staring at her我们四处漫步后发现自己不知不觉回到了饭店。After wandering around，we found ourselves back at the hotel.It is/was.tha
26、t.(教材P52)And it was the ship that brought you to England.(这么说)是那条船把你带到了英国。句式分析“It is/was被强调部分that句子其他成分”是强调句式。本句是对句子的主语the ship进行的强调。例1Further reading made me realise that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.进一步阅读使我意识到，是苦干、决心和她细心的天性让她走进了医学
27、院的大门。例2You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel that the coach picks up tourists.你等错地方了。长途客车是在旅店接送游客的。知识拓展(1)强调句的基本结构为：It is/was被强调部分that/who其他成分。(若被强调的部分是人，可用that或who；若被强调的部分是其他时，一般用that。)(2)强调句的一般疑问句句型：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who.?(3)强调句的特殊疑问句句型：疑问词is/was itthat/who.?(4)对not.until.句型中的时间状语(从
28、句)进行强调时的句型：It is/was not until被强调部分that其他成分。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子It is from the sun that we get light and heat.It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbours.It was not until two years ago that I began to learn English.I wonder what it is that upsets my little sister so
29、badly.I think she really needs my comfort this time.汤姆昨天是在哪里丢了他的手表？Where was it that Tom lost his watch yesterday?贝尔是在五天以后才跟他的助手沃森通了第一次电话。It was not until five days later that Bell sent his first telephone message to his assistant Watson.1May we ask what youre doing in this country and what your pla
30、ns are?分析本句为复合句，what you are doing.和what your plans are是两个并列句， 作ask的宾语。译文能告诉我们你来英国干什么吗？你有什么计划吗？2If this is your idea of some kind of joke，I dont think its very funny.分析本句为复合句，if引导条件状语从句。在主句中又有宾语从句its very funny，且dont think为否定前置。译文如果你们是在开玩笑，那我觉得这并不好笑。3Well，why dont you explain what this is all about?
31、分析本句为复合句，why引导特殊疑问句。what引导一个从句作explain的宾语。译文嗯，怎么不给我讲讲，这究竟是怎么回事呢？教材高考1.Should we judge people based on how much money they have？(2020新高考全国卷)Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners，who.2.Tell us，what sort of work did you do in America？(2020江苏卷).I felt a sort of awe(敬畏) at the possibiliti
32、es that existed in his world.3.This implied meaning often indicates peoples feelings，attitudes，or motives.(2020全国卷)Its hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him，but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time.单句语法填空1As is known teaching is a job requires both skills
33、and patience(patient)2This play is divided into three acts，and each act has three scenes(scene)3He is so tall that he can be easily spotted(spot) in the crowd.4The award ceremony was delayed for all sorts(sort) of reasons.5I am a loyal public servant(serve) and I am proud to be so.6Judging(judge) by
34、 appearances can be misleading.7She apologised(apologise) to her teacher for coming to school late yesterday.8When he came round，he found himself lying(lie) in hospital.9The bell indicated(indicate) the end of the class，so everyone rushed out of the classroom.10The flight has been postponed(postpone
35、) due to the bad weather.短语填空on the basis of；take out a loan；in return；make a bet；as a matter of fact；by accident；to be honest；ought to；be about to；judge.by1Its not enough to judge his living conditions only by his last letter.2He was about to give up himself when he was saved by the policeman.3Do y
36、ou think a happy life must be on the basis of money?4Mrs.Smith spent all her savings and took out a loan to buy the house for her son.5The women gave Tom $100 in return for his saving her sons life in the accident.6Can you make a bet on the game with me?7I met my old friend by accident on the street
37、 yesterday when I was walking.8As a matter of fact，Henry was carried out to sea by a strong wind.9To be honest，I was surprised he knew where I was.10He reminded me that I ought to do it at once.课文语法填空The two gentlemen had been arguing for a couple of days，and had decided to make 1.a bet which would
38、settle their 2.argument(argue). They were going to find someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry 3.walking(walk) in the street outside. They invited him into their house，4.where Henry told them he 5.had landed(land) in Britain by accident.Although he had been to the American consulate 6
39、.to seek(seek) help, he did not receive any. Henry hoped that the brothers would offer 7.him(he) some sort of work because he had no money. Henry got upset with the brothers when they seemed too happy about his bad luck. They quickly told him not to feel that way and they 8.gave(give) him an envelope with money in it. They said the letter in it would explain 9.what it was all about, but he had to postpone opening it until 2 oclock. Henry felt that was odd.10.Finally(final) Henry left the house, promising that he would not open the letter until 2 oclock.