1、单元综合检测(五)第一部分阅读(共两节，满分 50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APoetry CompetitionDeadline18th July 2021Who may enterThe competition is open to everyone.DescriptionThe Ledbury Poetry Festival is the biggest poetry festival in the UK.It takes place over ten days each July.If you
2、 think you know what poetry is，come along and well surprise you.There are live readings，performances，music，exhibitions，films，family events and street events.Each year we organise a famous competition for new poetry in partnership with Ty Newydd，the National Writers Centre for Wales.It attracts entri
3、es from all over the globe.There are three groups：Adults(18)，Young people(1217)and Children(under 12)All poems must be the original work of the entrant and should not have been previously published，accepted for publication by a magazine，or have entered other competitions.The length of each poem must
4、 be more than 40 lines.The judge of the 2021 Ledbury Poetry Festival Poetry Competition is Daljit Nagra.Entry feesAdults：5.75 for first poem，3.50 for each extra poem.Children/Young People：First poem free，1.75 for each extra poem.PrizesAdults PrizesFirst Prize：1，000 cash and a course at the National
5、Writers Centre for WalesSecond Prize：500 cashThird Prize：250 cashYoung Peoples PrizesFirst Prize：100 cashSecond Prize：50 cashThird Prize：25 cashChildrens PrizesFirst Prize：25 book token(购书券)Second Prize：15 book tokenThird Prize：10 book tokenWebsitePlease visit https：/www.poetryfestival.co.uk/Ledbury
6、PoetryCompetition to learn more about the competition.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了莱德伯里诗歌竞赛的基本情况和参赛注意事项。1What do we know about the poetry competition from the text?AIt is held every two months.BIt awards all winners cash prizes.CIt is open to worldwide competitors.DIt offers competitors poem lectures.C细节理解
7、题。由Who may enter部分中的“The competition is open to everyone.”及Description部分中的“It attracts entries from all over the globe.”可知，全世界任何感兴趣的人都可以参加该诗歌比赛。2Which requirement should each poem meet?AIt should be written independently.BIt should contain at least 40 words.CIt has won a prize in other competitions.
8、DIt has been published by some magazine.A细节理解题。由Description部分中的“All poems must be the original work of the entrant”可知，所有诗歌必须是由参赛者独创的。3What is the entry fee for a 15yearold if he is sending 3 poems?A12.75.B9.25.C7.D3.5.D细节理解题。由Description部分中的“Young people(1217)”和Entry fees部分中的“Children/Young People：F
9、irst poem free，1.75 for each extra poem.”可知，15岁参赛者的第一篇诗歌免费参赛，另外两篇需付的参赛费共计3.5英镑。BOne of my mums favourite things to say is，“Do the right thing，at the right time，and you will never be sorry.”While I was growing up，those words didnt mean very much to me.I would just wrinkle(使皱起)my nose every time I hea
10、rd them.This year，with the thought of going away to college rising in my mind，I have found myself reflecting on that advice.I believe the quality of our life is decided when we do something to benefit someone else rather than ourselves.It isnt found in those extraordinary moments of great beliefs，bu
11、t rather in everyday，more ordinary times，when we have the opportunity to brighten someones day or make someone smile.When my grandfather was sick，I heard Mum saying，“Call right now.”I had just gotten home from school，and all I wanted to do was relax，but I made the call.After hearing the gratitude in
12、 my grandfathers voice and knowing how much it meant to him，I knew I“did the right thing at the right time”Im not sure what college I will be attending next year，but I am sure that Mums words will be echoing(回响)around me.When the lonely girl in the dorm room across the hall is by herself，I will invi
13、te her to dinner.When a friend needs help studying for a final exam，I will help her when she asks.When I see a friend hurting herself with an eating disorder，I will take her to a doctor.Those words that I didnt think much about when growing up have become a part of me，without my even realising it.My
14、 belief will always be“do the right thing，at the right time”，so I will never be sorry.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者一开始对母亲的话“在正确的时间做正确的事，你就永远不会后悔”嗤之以鼻，但随着阅历的丰富，她开始把这句话看作自己为人处事的座右铭。4Which word can describe the authors thought of her mothers words when she was growing up?ADisappointing.BInspiring.CMeaningless.DImp
15、ortant.C推理判断题。根据第一段中的“While I was growing up，those words didnt mean very much to me.I would just wrinkle my nose every time I heard them.”可知，每当听到母亲说这句话，作者都会皱鼻子，可见作者最初认为母亲的话是无关紧要的。5Which of the following does the author agree according to the text?AWe should listen carefully when others give us advic
16、e.BWe should do something great if we want to become famous.CSmiling to ourselves at times makes us live a happier life.DDoing something to benefit others improves our life as well.D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I believe the quality of our life is decided when we do something to benefit someone else rather than ou
17、rselves.”可知，作者认为我们的生活质量是在我们做一些对别人有益的事情时决定的。故选D项。6What does the underlined word“gratitude”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?AConfidence.BConcern.CRegards.DThanks.D词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“After hearing the gratitude in my grandfathers voice and knowing how much it meant to him”可知，当爷爷生病的时候，作者给他打了一个电话，听到爷爷声音中的感激之情，作者才
18、知道这通电话对爷爷有多重要。故选D项。7Whats the last paragraph mainly about?AThe authors life at college.BThe authors belief in giving help.CThe authors view on friendship.DThe authors trouble in growing up.B段落大意题。最后一段讲述了作者会及时帮助需要帮助的人。故选B项。CAnyone who passes regularly through busy public spaces knows that one victim
19、of our obsession(痴迷)with digital devices such as smartphones has been small talk.With our eyes focused on our smartphones，fewer of us make conversation with strangers.But are we missing something in this loss of relaxing small talk?A growing body of research suggests that small talk has surprising b
20、enefits.In a study published in 2014 in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin，researchers found that daily interactions with casual acquaintances(泛泛之交)can contribute to daytoday wellbeing.Participants were asked to record their daily interactions with people connected to them by“strong ties
21、”(family and friends) and“weak ties”(acquaintances)On days when participants had more“weaktie” interactions than usual，they reported a greater sense of belonging and happiness.In a study published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology in 2014，another group of researchers looked at interactions a
22、mong strangers.They invited 118 commuters(通勤者)at a Chicagoarea railway station and gave them three choices：to start a conversation on the train，to avoid any conversation and enjoy the loneliness or to do whatever they normally do on their commute.In surveys completed afterwards，those who were instru
23、cted to make conversation with strangers reported“notably more positive”commuters than those who rode in loneliness.“Talking with a stranger may not offer the same benefits as talking with a close friend，but we underestimate(低估)its importance to us，”says the studys coauthor，Nicholas Epley，a professo
24、r of behavioural science at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business.Dr Epley traded his own smartphone for an old featureless phone，which has made him，he says，more open to“wonderful，short conversation with strangers”People overestimate the social risks involved in small talk，adds Dr Epley
25、，“Most people not only want to talk to you，but theyll tell you secret things they may not even tell a family member.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过一些重要的研究结果论述了闲谈的益处。8The first study got the findings from the participants by comparing their_Astrongand weaktie interactionsBcasual and close acquaintancesCprivate
26、and public interactionsDfamily members and friendsA细节理解题。通读第二段可知，这项研究通过比较参与者的“强联系”交际和“弱联系”交际得出了结论。9What did the study done on the train find out?APeople like to ride in loneliness on the train.BFew commuters like to chat with strangers.CThere are three kinds of train commuters.DChats with strangers
27、bring joy to people.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In surveys completed afterwards.who rode in loneliness.”可知，这项研究发现，与陌生人的交谈会给人带来快乐。10Which of the following would Dr Epley probably agree with?AIt is nicer to talk with strangers than friends.BSmartphones may kill small talk with strangers.CPeople fail to realise the
28、 importance of friendship.DMost strangers prefer to spend time on their phones.B推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Dr Epley traded his own smartphone for an old featureless phone，which has made him，he says，more open towonderful，short conversation with strangers”可推断，埃普利博士应该会认为，智能手机可能会扼杀与陌生人的闲谈。11What does the text mainly
29、 discuss?AThe interactions with strangers.BThe loss of relaxing small talk.CThe influence of smartphones.DThe important role of small talk.D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要论述了闲谈的益处。文章的中心句为第二段首句“A growing body of research suggests that small talk has surprising benefits.”DThat annoying kid brother or sister who bro
30、ke your stuff and got you in trouble all the time may have actually done you a favour：A new study suggests that younger siblings(弟弟妹妹)might be good for your health.Children who didnt welcome a baby brother or sister into the family before first grade had almost three times the likelihood of obesity(
31、肥胖)compared with kids who experienced the birth of a sibling when they were around 3 to 4 years old，the study found.“It is possibly because when there is a younger sibling in the family，a child might become more activefor example，running around more with their younger sibling，”said Julie Lumeng，a pu
32、blic health researcher at the University of Michigan.“Maybe families are more likely to take the kids to the park when there is a younger sibling，or maybe the children are less likely to sit，watching TV，when there is a younger sibling to ask them to join more active pretend play，”she added.Mealtimes
33、 might also be different with a second kid at the table.Parents of only child can often focus too much on what their kid eats，which can lead to bad eating habits，some previous research suggests.“When parents use restrictive or pressuretoeat feeding practices，children have an increased risk of being
34、overweight，”said Jerica Berge，a researcher at the University of Minnesota.“When a new child is introduced，parents may relax their focus on the older childs eating behaviour，making it possible for the older child to selfregulate their eating，”said Berge.“This selfregulation may lead to a healthier we
35、ight for the child with a sibling.”For their study，Lumeng and her colleagues followed 697 US children from birth through age 6.However，the authors acknowledged that their study lacked objectively measured birth weights and information on events such as a divorce，a move or a job loss in the familyall
36、 of which can influence the odds(可能性)of children becoming obese.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。科学家研究发现，有兄弟姐妹的孩子可能会更健康。12Compared to children with younger siblings，an only child may_Abecome selfishBbecome overweightChave a healthier lifestyleDget better parental guidanceB细节理解题。由第二段内容可知，与有兄弟姐妹的孩子相比，独生子女更有可能会超重。13How
37、may children change when they have a younger sibling?AThey may refuse to play at home.BThey may feel annoyed and unhappy.CThey may have more physical activities.DThey may spend more time with their parents.C细节理解题。由第三段中的“when there is a younger sibling in the family，a child might become more active”和
38、第四段中的“Maybe families are more likely to take the kids to the park when there is a younger sibling”可知，当孩子有了弟弟或妹妹时，他们的活动量可能会增大。14For parents，which of the following may be good for their childrens health?AAllowing kids to control their eating.BUsing some restrictive feeding practices.CPaying more atten
39、tion to kids eating habits.DLetting the older child regulate the diet of the younger child.A细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“This selfregulation may lead to a healthier weight for the child with a sibling.”可知，家长让孩子自己去调控饮食习惯对孩子的健康可能会有好处。15What was the limitation of the study?AIt was based on other researchers studies.
40、BIt used an oldfashioned research method.CIt did research only on dozens of families.DIt failed to include other aspects influencing childrens health.D细节理解题。由最后一段中的“the authors acknowledged that their study lacked objectively measured birth weights and information on events such as a divorce，a move
41、or a job loss in the family”可知，这项研究的不足之处在于没能将其他可能影响儿童健康的因素考虑在内。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HobbiesHobbies play an important role in our life.Most people have a lot of free time available but seldom use it gainfully. 16 There are many hobbies from which you can
42、pick and you can choose one that suits your talents.Once you have decided to start a hobby，it will be wise to go through a list of popular hobbies and choose one that is close to your heart and can make you feel confident.Some of the most popular hobbies that people generally take to are reading，lis
43、tening to music，gardening，fishing，sports，exercise and computerrelated activities. 17 Once you start，you seldom think of giving it up.Learning a new hobby is really a wonderful experience.As you progress，you will be living in a new world and learning new skills.You will begin to discover your hidden
44、talents that you didnt know.You will start reading more about your hobby，meeting other hobbyists with similar interests，exchanging views and building friend circles both near and far. 18 In these games you will get the opportunity to meet others on a regular basis and develop great relationships. 19
45、 They can help you keep good health and remain fit.On the other hand，if you are young and take a great interest in sports，you can develop your skills and finally get financially rewarded too.Similarly，gardening provides the hobbyists with enjoyable pastime and opportunity for relaxation.At the same
46、time they get the rewards of their labour.People take up hobbies for interest，enjoyment and relaxation.Over a period of time, you might develop outstanding skills and get financially rewarded. 20 AEach of these hobbies can give you great benefits.BThis will change when you play games like golf，baske
47、tball or tennis.CMost importantly，having a hobby will help you get personal satisfaction.DPhysical hobbies like sports and gardening can be very rewarding.EThis will be more so if you take up games like golf，basketball or tennis.FAlthough these hobbies can benefit you a lot，you may not keep them for
48、ever.GThey would rather chat with their friends than use their talents and start a hobby.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了培养一个兴趣爱好不仅可以给我们带来快乐，让我们放松，而且也能够使我们感到满足。16G根据空前的“Most people have a lot of free time available but seldom use it gainfully.”可知，大多数人都有很多空闲时间但却很少有成效地利用这些时间，G项(他们宁愿和朋友聊天，也不愿发挥他们的才能，培养一个爱好)承接上文。故选
49、G项。17A上文列举了一些受欢迎的业余爱好；再根据空后的“Once you start，you seldom think of giving it up.(一旦开始，你就几乎不会想到放弃它)”可知，A项(这些爱好中的每一个都能给你很大的好处)符合语境，故选A项。18E根据空后的“In these games you will get the opportunity to meet others on a regular basis and develop great relationships.(在这些体育活动中，你将有机会定期与其他人见面并发展良好的关系)”可知设空处应列举出一些体育活动，与
50、之相匹配的应该是E项“This will be more so if you take up games like golf，basketball or tennis.”。故选E项。19D根据空后的“They can help you keep good health and remain fit.”以及后面提到的“sports”和“gardening”可知，D项“Physical hobbies like sports and gardening can be very rewarding.”符合语境。20C根据空前内容可知，人们为了兴趣、快乐和放松而开始业余爱好，一段时间之后，你可能会发展
51、出杰出的技能并获得经济上的回报。设空处应填业余爱好更深入的益处。故C项(最重要的是，拥有业余爱好可以帮助你获得个人的满足感)符合语境。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。California officials are praising workers for rescuing a 13yearold boy who fell into a river of sewage(下水道的污水)in Los Angeles.The boy，Jesse Hernandez， 21
52、 more than 12 hours in the citys 22 underground sewage system.It is filled with refuse liquids and other waste materials，some of them 23 Jesse had been playing at a public park with other 24 during a family gathering on Sunday.At one point，the children were 25 pieces of wood that covered an opening
53、leading to the sewage system.One of the wooden boards broke.The boy fell about eight metres down and 26 in fastmoving sewage.The other children 27 told adults what had happened.The adults then called an emergency telephone line for help.Rescuers immediately began 28 Jesse underground.With the help o
54、f cameras they floated down the pipes，rescuers eventually located Jesse after seeing images of handprints on one of them.A crew of sanitation(环境卫生)workers hurried to the 29 and opened a manhole(检查井)The first thing they 30 was“Help”Their patience and optimism paid off.The crew lowered down a long rop
55、e to Jesse.The boy held onto the rope while workers 31 him up.By the time workers found Jesse，about 700 metres of pipes had been 32 during a 12hour period.Jesse was spotted less than two kilometres from where he 33 He was taken to a hospital for a full physical examination and to be reunited with hi
56、s 34 More than 100 people contributed much tirelessly to the 35 of Jesse.Jesse was lucky to find a small area of breathable air and waited there until he was found.【语篇解读】一个13岁的男孩杰西埃尔南德斯掉进城市下水道，上百人不知疲倦地参与了杰西的救援工作。加利福尼亚州的官员对工作人员成功营救男孩一事进行了表彰。21A.wastedBtookCspentDarrangedC根据空后的“more than 12 hours”可知，这
57、个叫杰西的男孩被困在城市巨大的下水道里12个多小时。22A.shallowBlargeCdesertedDtemporaryB根据整篇文章描述的救援难度并结合四个选项可知，这座城市的下水道很大。23A.dustyBunusualCuselessDpoisonousD句意：下水道里都是污水和其他废料，其中一些还有毒。结合句意可知，只有D项符合题意。24A.childrenBvisitorsCstrangersDparentsA句意：在周日的家庭聚会上，杰西一直在和其他孩子在公园里玩耍。根据下句的children可知A项切题。25A.belowBbehindCoverDonD根据“pieces o
58、f wood that covered an opening”及后面的“The boy fell about eight metres down”可知，孩子们站在了遮盖下水道口的木板上。26A.swamBlandedCsufferedDfoughtB根据“The boy fell about eight metres down”可知，他应该是掉进了快速流动的污水中。27A.seriouslyBeventuallyCquicklyDexactlyC根据语境及常识可知，其他孩子应该是立刻把发生的事告诉了大人。28A.searching forBcaring aboutCturning toDcal
59、ming downAsearch for意为“寻找”；care about意为“关心，在乎”；turn to意为“转向；求助于”；calm down意为“平静下来”。根据下文可知，营救人员迅速开始在地下搜索杰西。29A.systemBareaCdustbinDwaterB句意：一组环卫工人匆忙赶往该地，并打开了一处检查井。由句意可知，应选B项。30A.sawBfeltCfearedDheardD根据后面的“Help”可知，应该是他们听到的第一句话是“救命”。31A.pulledBpackedCpickedDwakedA根据空前的“The boy held onto the rope”可知，男孩
60、抓住绳索，工人们将他拉了上来。32A.judgedBselectedCremovedDinspectedD句意：工人们发现杰西之前，已经在12个小时内检查了大概700米的管道。根据句意可知，应选D项。33A.divedBscreamedCdisappearedDescapedC句意：杰西被发现的地方距离他掉落的地方不到两千米。结合选项可知，应选C项。34A.friendsBfamilyCclassDrelativesB句意：他被送往医院进行全面检查，并与家人团聚。由句意可知，选B项。35A.struggleBadventureCsurvivalDexistenceC根据整篇文章可知，很多人参与
61、营救杰西，所以是为杰西的生还做出了贡献。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。If you travel deep into the mountains of Arabah in the heart of Jordan，you will find the legendary(传奇的)Petra.This 36._(amaze)ancient city is carved into the red sandstone cliffs of the Al Siq gorge(峡谷)Petra，37._was built by
62、the Nabataeans more than 2，000 years ago，was an important trade centre and all caravans(旅行队)passed through there.It linked Asia and the Middle East with the Mediterranean.There are hundreds of 38._ (carve)tombs，ruins，huge obelisks(方尖塔)and even a Romanstyle amphitheatre(圆形露天竞技场)However，39._most spect
63、acular(壮观的)sight is the AlKhazneh at the end of the gorge.The beautiful entrance of this building shows you why Petra 40._(choose)as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in 2007.A guided tour by donkey or camel is very popular with tourists 41._ (want)to admire the outstanding architecture of t
64、his glorious city.In addition to these 42._(treasure)，there are two fantastic museums：The Petra Archaeological and The Petra Nabataean，where visitors can see finds from the area on display and get a feel of 43._life was like for the people of Petra.Petra 44._(offer) visitors a chance to know about J
65、ordanian history.A trip to this ancient city is 45._(absolute)worth the time and effort.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了古老的城市佩特拉的地理位置、历史作用等。36amazing后面是ancient city，修饰物要用形容词，amazing意为“令人惊叹的”。37which设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词Petra，指物，定语从句中缺少主语，且为非限制性定语从句，故填which。38carved设空处修饰后面的tombs，tombs与carve之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词作前置定语。39t
66、he最高级前面用the来修饰。40was chosen根据后面的时间状语in 2007可知应用一般过去时，从句主语与动词之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。41wantingtourists与动词want之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填wanting。42treasures根据前面的these可知应用复数，故填treasures。43what设空处引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语。结合句意可知，应填what。44offers空格处所在句说明了古城佩特拉现在的作用，故空格处填offers。45absolutely设空处修饰形容词worth，对worth进行强调，应用副词。第
67、三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，你校近期将举办诗词大赛。请你写一封信给在美国的朋友Jim，邀请他参加，并告知相关信息。内容包括：1作品反映校园生活、家庭生活或家乡的变化等；2参赛方式和截止时间。注意：1词数80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_参考范文Dear Jim，A poem contest is going to be organised in our school soon，and knowing that you are such an expert in writing poems，I am wondering whether you wo
68、uld like to participate.Topics like campus life，family life or the great changes that have taken place in your hometown can be covered in the poems.The deadline is December 10th，2021，and once you have finished your poem，you can just upload it to the school website.It is a good chance to prove your t
69、alent in writing poems.I believe you wont regret participating in it.Wish you good luck!Yours，Li Hua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Kuakuaqun，social media chat groups that people pay a little money to join and are paid to show kindness，support and comfort to others in the group，have become popul
70、ar with young people. Users can now join a chat group on WeChat or QQ，where they are showered with praise and encouragement for a price. On ecommerce sites like Taobao，membership in WeChat or QQ groups starts at 50 yuan for five minutes of compliments(表扬). Once you purchase a round of compliments on
71、 Taobao，the seller will contact you with an invitation to a group on WeChat. There，you will be praised from various people. Zhang Youde is the Dean of the social management school at Shanghai University of political science and law. He thinks this phenomenon is a direct result of the information era
72、 when young people tend to express their personal feelings on the Internet to those they dont know. He also believes it has something to do with the traditional Chinese way of parenting that parents tend to withhold praises and encouragement. In China，when children do something wrong，parents usually
73、 criticize or even beat them because they think only in this way can children correct their improper behaviors. However，when children behave well，parents seldom praise them for fear that they may become too proud.Deng Jianguo，associate professor of communication at Fudan University in Shanghai assum
74、es the reason lies behind the highstress work and study environment faced by young people. To some extent，he said，it creates a positive and friendly environment for people to create an outlet for stress relief. Just simple words of encouragement in their lives can help them struggle to see through a
75、nother day. But the experts warn participants to keep a clear understanding about themselves despite the compliments from the strangers. Otherwise，they will fall into confusion and get lost. Many people go through each day reacting to events and just getting by rather than making conscious choices b
76、ased on who they are. Therefore，its hard to set goals，get motivated and determine the best course of action. _【参考范文】Kuakuaqun，social media chat groups where people can pay for praise from strangers，is gaining popularity for several reasons. (要点1) Besides young peoples preference to express themselves online，they seldom get praise from their parents in reality because of the conventional Chinese way of parenting. (要点2) Additionally，it provides an appropriate platform to relieve stress. (要点3) However，experts warn participants not to lose themselves.(要点4)