1、2012届高考英语顶尖学案：大纲版此学案为QQ1084591801原创整理首发，转载请保留此信息。Unit 13The water planet水体星球核心词汇1The old building is _(独一无二的)because all the others like it have been destroyed.2I have quite a good_(关系)with my parents.3Experts say that the time parents spend with their children is _(减少)4This is a very_(灵敏的)recorderi
2、t picks up every word you say.5His poor eyesight was a _(不利条件)to him.6He was _(专心于)in his writing and didnt notice me enter his room.7The teacher told us that salt water _(结冰)at a lower temperature than fresh water.8The air in the forest is_(清净的)and cleaner than that in the city.9用benefit 的适当形式填空：(1
3、)I got a lot of _from learning a oreign language.(2)It is known to us that a good diet is _to our health.10用relate的适当形式填空：(1)China has good _with most countries in the world.(2)The report seeks to _ the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment.(3)His fear of people is deeply _ to his unhappy chi
4、ldhood.1.unique2.relationship3.decreasing4.sensitive 5.disadvantage6.absorbed7.froze8.pure 9.(1)benefit(2)beneficial10.(1)relationships (2)relate(3)related高频短语1_提出；想起2_ 从中获益3_ 从到不等；在一定的范围(程度)内变化4_ 分解；打破；发生故障5_ 对加以利用6_ 释放，放出7_ 对敏感8_ 召集；打电话9_ 种类繁多的10_ 对做出贡献1come up with2.benefit from3.range from.to 4b
5、reak down5.take advantage of6.give off7.be sensitive to8.call in9.a variety of10.contribute to重点句式1Heat capacity is the amount of energy _ the temperature of a substance by one degree centigrade.使某种物质升高1摄氏度所需的能量值叫比热。2The density of living creatures is _habitat on earth.(那里的)生物密度比任何其他栖息地的密度更大。3The nu
6、trients _quickly become available to other living creatures.流入海洋里的任何营养物都会马上被其他生物所利用。4Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature，_.水可以吸收或放出大量的热量而其温度不会变化很大，因此能创造一个稳定的环境。5If a substance has a higher density，_5,000 kg/m3，it will not float on water.如果某个物质有较高的密度，比方说是5,0
7、00 kg/m3，那么它就不会浮在水面上。1.it takes to raise2.higher than in any other3.in whatever falls into the ocean4.thus creating a stable environment5.say知识详解1benefit(陕西高考)I am sure everyone will benefit a lot from this activity.我相信大家都会从这个活动中获益良多。(上海高考)Many people find that regular physical activity gives them a
8、n unexpected benefit.许多人发现定期锻炼使他们受益匪浅。(牛津P170)I have typed out some lecture notes for the benefit of those who were absent last week.我帮上星期缺席的人打印了些上课的笔记。The new credit cards will be of great benefit to our customers.新的信用卡将会对我们的顾客有极大的好处。This is an agreement that will be beneficial to both parties.这是一个
9、对双方都有利的协议。beneficial adj.有益的，有利的，受益的be beneficial to.对有益，有利思维拓展1(2011年海淀一模)The new policy will_the elders a lot that people over 65 can take buses free of charge.Adiscount BsupportCapprove Dbenefit解析：选D。句意：这项新政策将使老年人受益很多，超过65岁的老年人可以免费乘坐公交车。discount 打折；support 支持；approve 赞成；benefit 使受益。即境活用2完成句子警告牌的设
10、立是为了公众的利益。The warning sign was put there _ the public.答案：for the benefit of2.sensitiveadj.(常与to连用)敏感的；灵敏的；易受影响的【教材原句】(P23)Unfortunately，this function also makes estuaries very sensitive to environmental pollution.不幸的是，这个作用也使河口对环境污染很敏感。be sensitive to对敏感be sensitive about介意，在乎(朗文P1856)My teeth are re
11、ally sensitive to hot and cold.我的牙齿对冷热非常敏感。 She is sensitive to what people think of her.她很敏感人们对她自己的看法。She is very sensitive about her weight.她很在乎别人说她胖。3(2009年高考江苏卷)Compared with his sister，Jerry is even more _to，and more easily troubled by，emotional and relationship problems.AscepticalBaddictedCava
12、ilable Dsensitive即境活用解析：选D。句意：Jerry和他的妹妹相比，情感和人际关系方面的问题更敏感，更容易被困扰。sceptical 怀疑的；addicted沉迷的；available(指物)可用的或可得到的；(指人)可会见的，可与之交谈的；sensitive敏感的，神经过敏的，易受伤害的。4.The elderly need special care in winter, as they are_to the sudden changes of weather.Asensitive BsensibleCflexible Dpositive解析：选A。本题考查形容词词义辨析。
13、sensitive “敏感的，灵敏的”，常构成短语be sensitive to “对敏感，易受影响”。根据题意“冬季老人需要特别的关爱，因为他们对天气的突然变化很敏感。”可知答案为A。3.range【教材原句】(P19)Life in the oceans ranges from the tiniest plankton all the way up to giants like sharks and whales.海洋里的生物从最微小的浮游生物到巨大的动物，如鲨鱼和鲸鱼，都无所不包。(1)n. 山脉；行列；范围；射程(牛津P1637)Its difficult to find a hous
14、e in our price range.在我们的价格范围以内，很难找到房子。(牛津P1637)The child was now out of her range of vision.这孩子已经走出她的视线。 (2)vi.(在一定范围内)变动；变化；涉及vt.排列；归类于；使并列【高效记忆】5完成句子(1)Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree?No，_ (超出我们的射程)答案：its out of our range(2)他们刚到就看到一长排待售的汽车。Upon their arrival，they saw _motors for sa
15、le.答案：a large range of即境活用4.absorbvt.吸收；接受，吸收(信息，思想，经验)；吸引(某人)的注意力，使全神贯注【教材原句】(P20)Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature，thus creating a stable environment.水可以吸收或放出大量的热量而其温度不会变化很大，因此能创造一个稳定的环境。absorb.from.从中吸收absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意力be absorbed inbe lost
16、 in/be buried in/put ones heart in全神贯注于，专心于思维拓展I was absorbed in reading a book and didnt hear you call me.我正专心读书，没有听见你喊我。(牛津P7)Its a lot of information to absorb all at once.要一下子消化这么多资料，真是很多。(牛津P7)This work had absorbed him for several years.这项工作曾使他沉迷了好几年。Tom lay on the sofa，absorbed in his book.汤姆
17、躺在沙发上，专心致志地看书。【高效记忆】6The water in the oceans also keeps the temperature of the earth steady by_and releasing heat.Amixing BchangingCexchanging Dabsorbing解析：选D。该句意为“海水通过吸收，释放热量保持地球的温度”。即境活用(牛津P520)People should decrease the amount of fat they eat.人们应该减少脂肪的摄入量。(牛津P520)The price of wheat has decreased
18、by 15%.小麦价格降低了15%。The population of the village has decreased to 700.该村的人口减少到了700人。思维拓展7完成句子Over the years，there _(已增加) in the number of students in the country，but the number of school teachers is _(在减少)答案：has been an increase；on the decrease即境活用6.take advantage of对加以利用【教材原句】(P20)Marine animals and
19、 plants take advantage of the density of water.海洋动物和植物利用了水的密度的特性。(牛津P29)She took advantage of the childrens absence to tidy their rooms.她趁孩子们不在时收拾了他们的房间。I hope that this library is fully taken advantage of.I hope that full advantage is taken of this library.我希望这座图书馆能被充分利用。思维拓展It would be to your adv
20、antage to attend this meeting.参加这次会议对你有利。Each of these systems has its advantages and disadvantages.这些系统各有其优缺点。The man who does not read good books has no advantage over the man who can not read them.不读好书的人并不比不会读书的人优越。8Dont be shy，boys！_ every possible chance to practice your spoken English and you
21、are sure to make progress.ATake advantage of BPay attention toCLet go of DMake fun of解析：选A。考查动词短语辨析。A项“利用；欺骗(某人)”；B项“注意”；C项“放手；松开”；D项“取笑”。句意：男孩们，不要害羞，利用所有可能的机会练习英语口语，你们一定会取得进步的。即境活用7.give off发出(气味、光、热、声音等)These flowers give off a pleasant smell.这些花散发出一阵清香。The sun gives off light and heat that we nee
22、d.太阳发出我们所需的光和热。思维拓展(牛津P861)After a month their food supplies gave out.一个月以后，他们的食物储备消耗殆尽。(牛津P860)He gave away most of his money to charity.他把他的大部分钱都捐给了慈善事业。Liu Hulan would rather die than give in to the enemy.刘胡兰宁死不屈服于敌人。You ought to give up smoking；I gave it up last year.你应该戒烟，我去年就戒掉了。9Both my stren
23、gth and money_，so we couldnt visit the city any longer.Agive inBgive offCgive out Dgive up解析：选C。give out 用尽，用完。即境活用10.Einstein liked Boses paper so much that he_his own work and translated it into German.Agave off Bturned downCtook over Dset aside句型梳理1.【教材原句】(P20)Heat capacity is the amount of energ
24、y it takes to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree centigrade.热能就是物质升高一摄氏度所需要的能量。【句法分析】It takes.to do.是固定句式，可表示“做某事需要”之意。It takes wisdom to settle the quarrel between the two countries.平息这两国间的争执需要智慧。It will take a lot of courage to tell the truth.说真话需要很大的勇气。11Perseverance is a kind of
25、qualityand thats what_to do anything well.Aone takesBone is takenCit takes Dit is taken解析：选C。此题考查it takes sth. to do.的变形。即境活用2.【教材原句】(P20)If a substance has a higher density，say 5,000 kg/m3，it will not float on water.如果某个物质有较高的密度，比方说是5000 kg/m3，那么它就不会浮在水面上。【句法分析】say(1)比方说；假定(在句中作插入语，这时，say不用于被动语态)Wh
26、at would you do if you got，say，a million dollars?如果你得到一笔巨款，譬如说一百万美元，你会如何处理？Say you have an accident, who would look after you?假如你出了事故，谁来照顾你呢？(2)(书、信、符号等)表示(信息或指示)(read也有此用法)The sign says/reads，“No smoking”告示牌上写着，“禁止吸烟”。12The fact that she never apologized_a lot about what kind of person she is.Asays
27、BtalksCappears Ddeclares即境活用解析：选A。句意：她从来不道歉这个事实说明了她是什么样的一种人。say的意思是“说明，表明”，say a lot about 也是一个短语，意思是“说明什么”，符合题意；talk的意思是“说话，谈话”，不符合句子内容；appear的意思是“看起来”，不合句意；declare的意思是“宣告，声称”，词义太大，明显不符合句子内容。13What should I do first?The instructions _that you should mix flour with water carefully first.Ago BtellCwrite Dsay解析：选D。本题考查动词的用法。句意为“我应该先做什么？”“说明书上说你应该首先把水和面粉仔细地搅拌好。”表示“东西上说或写着时”要用say 或read。如：The board says/reads，“Keep off the grass.”牌子上写着：“勿踏草地”。高考资源网独家高考资源网Ks5uK&S%5#U精品资源，欢迎下载！高考资源网Ks5uK&S%5#U