1、河南省八市2018届高三上学期第二次测评（11月）英语试题第卷第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMany of the worlds most people were once successful failures. Here are the stories of a few of them.Abraham Lincoln(1809-1865)Abraham Lincoln was one of Americas greatest leaders,
2、 taking the country through the Civil War(from 1860 to 1865). However, his life was never easy. He started numerous businesses that failed, he went bankrupt twice, and was defeated in 26 campaigns for public office. He later said, “My great concern is not whether you have failed, but whether you are
3、 content with your failure.”Vincent Van Gogh(1853-1890)Van Gogh is one of the most famous and influential painters in the history of Western Art. Hes renowned for paintings such as The Starry Night. The potato Eaters and Sunflowers. However, during his lifetime, Van Gogh sold only one painting for a
4、 very small amount of money. Despite this, he carried on painting, something even going without food so he could complete his collection of over 800 known works.Albert Einstein(1879-1955)Albert Einstein won the Noble Prize in Physics in 1921. However, he wasnt always considered a “genius”. He didnt
5、speak until he was four, and couldnt read until he was seven. His teachers and parents thought he as slow, so he was expelled from school and couldnt get into the Zurich Polytechnic School. He later famously said, “Success is failure in progress.”Stephen King(born 1947)Stephen King is one of the bes
6、t-selling authors of all time, but his first book, Carrie, was rejected by about 30 publishers. Eventually, Stephen threw it in the bin, but his wife fished it out and encouraged him to resubmit it, which he didsuccessfully this time!1. Which statement is true about Abraham Lincoln?A. He led the Ame
7、rican War of IndependenceB. He never succeeded in his businessC. He was full of courage and perseveranceD. He is the greatest president of the United States2. Who became famous all over the world after his death?A. Albert Einstein B. Vincent Van GoghC. Albert Einstein D. Stephen King3. What was the
8、most likely reason for Albert Einsteins dropping out of school?A. He was too slow to learn B. He couldnt speak or readC. His teacher thought he was stupid D. He didnt obey the school rules4. What do these people have in common?A. They are all AmericansB. They are known for their writingsC. They were
9、 born in the same centuryD. They all suffered failure before they succeeded【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D【解析】这篇文章主要讲了世界上的许多人在成功之前都遭遇了失败，并且为我们列举了几个非常有名的人物的例子。1. 推理判断题。由However, his life was never easy. He started numerous businesses that failed, he went bankrupt twice, and was defeated in 26 campaigns for p
10、ublic office. He later said, “My great concern is not whether you have failed, but whether you are content with your failure.” 可推断出亚伯拉罕林肯充满勇气和坚持不懈，选C。2. 推理判断题。由However, during his lifetime, Van Gogh sold only one painting for a very small amount of money. 可推断出梵高是在去世之后，才闻名于全世界的，选B。3. 推理判断题。由His teach
11、ers and parents thought he as slow, so he was expelled from school and couldnt get into the Zurich Polytechnic School.可推断出爱因斯坦被退学，最可能的原因就是老师认为他很笨，选C。4. 推理判断题。由Many of the worlds most people were once successful failures. Here are the stories of a few of them. 可推断出这些人们的共同之处在于他们在成功之前都遭遇了失败，选D。BThe wor
12、lds population is projected to reach 11 billion by the end of the century.Feeding that many people will be a challenge, and it is further complicated by the impact of climate change on agriculture. That is why some people advocate an unusual way to boost the food supply and feed people sustainably b
13、y eating less meat and more insects.About 2 billion people already eat bugs. Mexicans enjoy chilly-toasted grasshoppers. Thais tuck into cricket stir-fries and Ghanaians snack on termites. Insects are slowly creeping on to Western menus as novelty items, but most people remain squcamish(拘谨).Yet ther
14、e are three reasons why eating insects makes sense.First, they are healthier than meat. There are nearly 2000 kinds of edible insects, many of them packed with protein, calcium, fiber, iron and zinc. A small serving of grasshoppers can contain about the same amount of protein as a similar sized serv
15、ing of beef, but has far less fat and far fewer calories.Second, raising insects is cheap, or free. Little technology or investment is needed to produce them. Harvesting insects could provide livelihoods to some of the worlds poorest people.Finally, insects are a far more sustainable source of food
16、than livestock. Livestock production accounts for nearly a fifth of all greenhouse-gas emissions, thats more than transport. By contrast, insects produce relatively few greenhouse gases and raising them requires much less land and water. And they eat almost anything.Despite all this, most Westerners
17、 find insects hard to swallow.One solution is to use protein extracted from bugs in other products such as ready meals and pasta sauces. Not having to look at the bugs and emphasizing the environmental benefits might make the idea of eating insects a bit more palatable.5. What is the direct reason w
18、hy some people advocate eating insects?A. Insufficient food supply B. Climate changeC. The rapid increase of population D. Insects high nutrition6. From the passage, we can infer that .A. eating insects is healthier than eating beefB. eating insects is popular among westernersC. eating insects can h
19、elp people lose weightD. eating insects causes less damage to the environment7. How can we make it more acceptable to eat insects?A. By closing your eyes when eating insectsB. By eating insects together with other foodC. By putting insects nutrients into other food productsD. By considering the envi
20、ronmental benefits of eating insects【答案】5. A 6. D 7. C【解析】这篇文章主要讲了由于未来世界人口的持续增长，导致食物供应不足，所以有人提议吃昆虫，并且对吃昆虫的好处进行了分析。5. 细节理解题。根据Feeding that many people will be a challenge, and it is further complicated by the impact of climate change on agriculture. That is why some people advocate an unusual way to
21、boost the food supply and feed people sustainably by eating less meat and more insects.可知一些人提倡吃昆虫的最直接的原因就是食物供应不足，选A。6. 推理判断题。由By contrast, insects produce relatively few greenhouse gases and raising them requires much less land and water. And they eat almost anything.可推断出人类吃昆虫对环境造成的危害更少，选D。7. 细节理解题。
22、由One solution is to use protein extracted from bugs in other products such as ready meals and pasta sauces. Not having to look at the bugs and emphasizing the environmental benefits might make the idea of eating insects a bit more palatable.可知把昆虫的营养放入其他食物里，这样我们更容易接受吃昆虫，选C。CDaniella Wride was brushin
23、g her daughters long brown hair when she noticed that with each stroke, clumps of it were coming out. That was January 1, 2017, Within 20 days, seven-year-old Gianessa Wrides hair and eyebrows were completely gone, and her dermatologist said they would never grow back. Gianessa had become one of the
24、 6.8 million Americans with alopecia, an autoimmune disease that causes hair loss.Alopecia isnt painful, but for kids who suffer from it, the agony comes from standing out from the crowd. For the most part, the students in Gianessas first-grade class in Salem, Utah, were understanding. But the occas
25、ional taunt(嘲弄) of “Baldy” made her feel like an outcast. “I did not want her to not feel beautiful,” her mother told Today.Then the school announced its “Crazy Hair Day” competition in April, and Daniella and Gianessa decided that rather than hiding Gianessas baldness under scarves or a wig(假发), th
26、ey would celebrate it. Daniella bought scrapbook-sticker jewels and decorated her daughters head with floral designs and even an owl. “They just fit her personality,” Daniella told CNN. “Shes so lively.”On the morning of the competition, Gianessa was nervous. Would her friends think it was funny or
27、freaky? She had nothing to fear. Bedazzled Gianessa was a hit-and the winner of the crazy-hair competition. Gianessa is now glad she dared to go bare. “I was sad at first when I lost all my hair,” she told people, “but now I love being bald. I can do things to my head that other kids cant. Im thinki
28、ng now it might be fun to decorate my head with some sparkly butterflies and flowers.”8. Why did Gianessa become bald?A. Because she wanted to be differentB. Because she had all her hair cutC. Because her mother combed her hair too oftenD. Because she suffered from a kind of disease9. Which of the f
29、ollowing can replace the underlined word “agony” in Paragraph Two?A. Worry B. DelightC. Pain D. Pride10. How does Gianessa feel about her baldness after the “Grazy Hair Day”?A. Optimistic B. UpsetC. Indifferent D. Worried11. What is the best title for the passage?A. Gianessas hair was gone B. Being
30、bald is beautifulC. Crazy hair day D. An incurable disease【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B【解析】这篇文章主要讲了由于Gianessa患了一种疾病，所以她变成了秃头，在学校举办了“疯狂的头发日” 以后，Gianessa对自己的秃头很乐观了，原来秃头也可以装扮的很漂亮。8. 细节理解题。根据Gianessa had become one of the 6.8 million Americans with alopecia, an autoimmune disease that causes hair loss. 可知Gi
31、anessa变成秃头是因为她患了一种疾病，选D。9. 词义猜测题。Alopecia isnt painful, but for kids who suffer from it, the agony comes from standing out from the crowd. 这句话的意思是Alopecia并不痛苦，但是对于患病的小孩来说，痛苦来自于站在人群中特别的显眼，所以“agony” 的意思是痛苦，选C。10. 推理判断题。由Gianessa is now glad she dared to go bare. “I was sad at first when I lost all my
32、hair,” she told people, “but now I love being bald. I can do things to my head that other kids cant. Im thinking now it might be fun to decorate my head with some sparkly butterflies and flowers.” 可以判断出在“疯狂的头发日” 过后，Gianessa对自己的秃头很乐观了。Optimistic 乐观的，Upset心烦的， Indifferent 漠不关心的，Worried担心的，选A。11. 主旨大意题
33、。这篇文章主要讲了由于Gianessa患了一种疾病，所以她变成了秃头，在学校举办了“疯狂的头发日” 以后，Gianessa对自己的秃头很乐观了，原来秃头也可以装扮的很漂亮，选B。【名师点睛】细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接理解题（在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。）语义转化题（需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论）、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问
34、题的基础。例如细节理解题。根据Gianessa had become one of the 6.8 million Americans with alopecia, an autoimmune disease that causes hair loss. 可知Gianessa变成秃头是因为她患了一种疾病，选D。DId have to say that the schemes to reduce staff absence and increase punctuality(准时) have been a big success. Weve seen that staff attendance l
35、evels have increased from 88% to 93%, and levels of punctuality have increased from 79% to 91%, which is fantastic. And the number of days that staff have taken off for sickness has dropped from an average of nine days per year to just five. There has also been a general increase in motivation at wo
36、rk, and weve seen output increase by at least 16% since this time last year.So, what have we been doing to improve things? Well, for a start, weve been introducing a scheme so that employees get bonuses if company production targets and sales figures are met. And if things carry on as they are, all
37、employees will have received a bonus by the end of next month. Weve also introduced a system whereby employees and management set personal targets. Then, the individual employee receives a bonus if these targets are met. And to help with punctuality, weve installed a new system that records exactly
38、what time people are getting in and leaving the office. This has helped improve punctuality rates substantially.Another initiative has been the installation of a games room for employees to use during mid-morning and lunch breaks. Weve found that its a great way to motivate staff, giving them time t
39、o relax. As part of this, weve bought a ping pong table, a basketball hoop and a darts board. And by next week, the two table-football tables that we ordered last month will have arrived. Since opening the games room, staff have been using it constantly, especially the beds that we bought to allow s
40、taff to have a short nap during the day. Along similar lines, weve also organized a number of teambuilding excursions.12. Why does the author list some figures in Paragraph One?A. To prove the plans work wellB. To show employees to be more punctualC. To present the production grows obviouslyD. To pr
41、ove the increase of workers attendance13. What have they done to help with punctuality?A. Theyve set personal targetsB. Theyve weakened demands on employeesC. Theyve introduced a scheme to give employees bonusesD. Theyve recorded workers coming and leaving by a new system14. What has been most popul
42、ar in the games room?A. A ping pong table B. A darts boardC. A basketball hoop D. A nap bed15. As readers, who may benefit most from this article?A. Students B. ManagersC. Teachers D. Farmers【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. B【解析】这篇文章为企业的经营管理者提供了一些经营管理模式。12. 细节理解题。根据Id have to say that the schemes to reduce
43、 staff absence and increase punctuality(准时) have been a big success.可知作者在第一自然段列举了一些数字，是为了证明这项计划非常有效，选A。13. 细节理解题。根据And to help with punctuality, weve installed a new system that records exactly what time people are getting in and leaving the office.可知他们通过一种新的系统，来记录工人到达和离去的时间，选D。14. 细节理解题。根据Since ope
44、ning the games room, staff have been using it constantly, especially the beds that we bought to allow staff to have a short nap during the day.可知在游戏是最受欢迎的是一张小睡床，选D。15. 推理判断题。这篇文章为企业的经营管理者提供了一些经营管理模式，所以管理者读这篇文章最受益，选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Meet the plant messiah
45、(救世主)Carlos is on a mission to save the plants._16_Here is the conversation between Carlos and a journalist.What started your love of plants?I grew up in northwest Spain, in a region called Asturias. This is an incredibly biodiverse place, with the largest patch of primitive forest in Europe, plus p
46、opulations of wolves and bears!_17_Within 30km, I could go from a lush, green world to a place of total destruction. I was fascinated by this contrast from an early age._18_I didnt have any formal qualifications in gardening, but I managed to secure an internship in the Tropical Nursery. I enrolled
47、on the three-year Kew Diploma in 2003, and over the next few years I began to earn a reputation for saving endangered tropical plants.How do you actually go about saving a plant from extinction?_19_The hard part is often the government. Once youve found a plant thats endangered, you need to convince
48、 the countrys government to let you come and take a cutting, and then you have to get the plant safely back to the UK so that the science can begin.Whats next on your list of plant species to save?Theres this palm on Mauritius thats known as the loneliest tree on the planet. The species was once wid
49、espread, but theres now only one left in the entire world._20_A. How did you end up working at Kew?B. Whats been the proudest moment of your career so far?C. But economically, plants are more important to us than most animals.D. But it was also becoming one of the most industrialized areas in Spain.
50、E. We havent been able to grow it at Kew so far, but Im confident we can do it.F. Sometimes saving a plant is as easy as taking a cutting from it, or collecting some fruits.G. From his base at Kew Gardens, he travels the world to rescue tropical species from extinction.【答案】16. G 17. D 18. A 19. F 20
51、. E【解析】这篇文章是Carlos与一位记者之间的对话，主要介绍了Carlos从他的基地英国皇家植物园开始，走遍全世界去拯救濒临灭绝的热带物种。16. 语义理解题。根据Carlos is on a mission to save the plants.和Here is the conversation between Carlos and a journalist. 可知这里意思是从他的基地英国皇家植物园开始，他走遍全世界去拯救濒临灭绝的热带物种，选G。17. 语义理解题。根据Within 30km, I could go from a lush, green world to a plac
52、e of total destruction. I was fascinated by this contrast from an early age. 可知这里意思是但是它也是西班牙最工业化的地区之一，选D。18. 语义理解题。I didnt have any formal qualifications in gardening, but I managed to secure an internship in the Tropical Nursery. I enrolled on the three-year Kew Diploma in 2003, and over the next f
53、ew years I began to earn a reputation for saving endangered tropical plants. 这一自然段提到了如何结束在英国皇家植物园的工作，选A。19. 语义理解题。根据The hard part is often the government. Once youve found a plant thats endangered, you need to convince the countrys government to let you come and take a cutting, and then you have to
54、get the plant safely back to the UK so that the science can begin. 可知这里意思是有时候，拯救一株植物就像从上面剪一个枝条那么容易，或者是收集一些果实，选F。20. 语义理解题。根据Theres this palm on Mauritius thats known as the loneliest tree on the planet. The species was once widespread, but theres now only one left in the entire world. 可知这里意思是目前我们还不能
55、在英国皇家植物园种植它，但是我有信心，我们可以做到，选E。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选取可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I often thought that politeness was out of fashion. Very rarely have I met so_21_a person in such a busy and noisy_22_. Lately, I would have to change my_23_.Not l
56、ong ago, when I went to a coffee place with two of my grown-up_24_, I_25_such a human being face to face. The place was full of_26_as usual and we had to climb steep(陡峭) stairs in order to find an empty table._27_enjoying coffee and snacks, we went down the_28_stairs, where there was hardly any spac
57、e for another person to either climb up or come down.Just as I was in the_29_of the stairs, a gentleman_30_the main entrance of the caf which was right in front of the staircase. I was sure I would be_31_roughly by this man going up. I kept coming down as fast as I could. My daughters were already d
58、own. They looked up at me_32_, hoping I would reach them before the stranger started walking up the stairs.Nearly reaching them, I noticed the man still standing near the door. I_33_my daughters and passed the stranger at the entrance door which he kept holding open. I looked back thinking he was st
59、ill at the door,_34_whether to go in or find another less_35_place. I saw him going up the stairs, two steps at a time. I told my daughters about it and all three of us felt_36_that we did not even_37_the polite gentleman who was actually holding the door open for us_38_to pass through before going
60、up.Such well-mannered people are_39_to find these days, when pushing is very_40_in our advanced but aggressive society. We applauded for his gentleman spirit.21. A. impolite B. polite C. helpful D. selfless22. A. society B. street C. market D. restaurant23. A. position B. impression C. feeling D. op
61、inion24. A. neighbors B. friends C. daughters D. nieces25. A. came across B. went through C. got across D. passed by26. A. customers B. guests C. strangers D. children27. A. When B. As C. Before D. After28. A. smooth B. narrow C. wide D. solid29. A. beginning B. middle C. end D. front30. A. left B.
62、passed C. entered D. arrived31. A. interrupted B. stopped C. pushed D. pulled32. A. excitedly B. worriedly C. delightedly D. disappointedly33. A. approached B. deserted C. walked D. signaled34. A. doubting B. whispering C. expecting D. deciding35. A. awkward B. quiet C. crowded D. interesting36. A.
63、glad B. angry C. nervous D. bad37. A. greet B. appreciate C. praise D. thank38. A. ladies B. strangers C. friends D. daughters39. A. easy B. hard C. likely D. impossible40. A. normal B. usual C. common D. ordinary【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D
64、 35. C 36. D 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C【解析】这篇文章主要讲了作者认为在这个忙碌和喧闹的社会，很少见到有礼貌的人。但是最近作者的一次经历，改变了作者的想法。21. B考查形容词。由I often thought that politeness was out of fashion.可知在这个忙碌和喧闹的社会，我很少见到这么有礼貌的人。impolite 不礼貌的， polite 礼貌的，helpful 有帮助的，selfless无私的。22. A考查名词。在这个忙碌和喧闹的社会，我很少见到这么有礼貌的人。 society 社会，street 街道，market
65、市场， restaurant饭店。23. D考查名词。最近我改变了自己的观点。position 位置， impression 印象， feeling 感觉，opinion观点。24. C考查名词。由下文内容 My daughters were already down. 可知我和我的两个女儿一起去了咖啡馆。neighbors 邻居， friends 朋友，daughters 女儿， nieces外甥女。25. A 考查动词短语。我偶然遇到这样一个人。came across 偶然遇见，went through 经历，got across 穿过， passed by通过。26. A考查名词。咖啡馆
66、像往常一样满是顾客。customers 顾客， guests 客人， strangers 陌生人，children孩子们。27. D考查连词。享用完咖啡和甜点后，我们通过狭窄的楼梯下楼。When 当时，As 因为， Before 在之前， After在之后。28. B 考查形容词。由where there was hardly any space for another person to either climb up or come down. 可判断出咖啡馆的楼梯非常的狭窄。smooth 光滑的， narrow 狭窄的， wide 宽的，solid固体的。29. B考查名词。当我走在楼梯
67、中间时，一位先生进入咖啡馆的大门。beginning 开始， middle 中间， end 结束， front前面。30. C考查动词。 当我走在楼梯中间时，一位先生进入咖啡馆的大门。left 离开， passed 通过， entered 进入， arrived到达。31. C考查动词。根据下文内容when pushing is very_20_in our advanced but aggressive society.可知我确定我会被这个人粗暴地推着走。interrupted 打断， stopped 停止， pushed 推，pulled拉。32. B考查副词。由hoping I woul
68、d reach them before the stranger started walking up the stairs. 可知我的女儿们也很担心的向上看着我。excitedly 兴奋地， worriedly 担心地， delightedly 高兴地， disappointedly失望地。33. A考查动词。我接近了我的女儿们，我们从这个陌生人旁边经过。approached 接近，deserted 遗弃， walked 走路， signaled用信号发出。34. D考查动词。我回过头看，认为他依然在门口，决定是进去还是找另外一家不太拥挤的地方。doubting 怀疑，whispering
69、低声耳语， expecting 期待，deciding决定。35. C考查形容词。我回过头看，认为他依然在门口，决定是进去还是找另外一家不太拥挤的地方。awkward 尴尬的， quiet 安静的， crowded拥挤的， interesting有趣的。.37. D考查动词。这位礼貌的先生为我们开门，我们甚至都没有感谢人家，所以我们三个人感觉非常不好。greet 欢迎，appreciate 欣赏， praise 表扬， thank感谢。38. A考查名词。这位礼貌的先生在上去之前，为我们开门，让我们女士先通过。ladies 女士，strangers 陌生人， friends 朋友们， daug
70、hters女儿们。39. B 考查形容词。根据when pushing is very_20_in our advanced but aggressive society. 可知现在这样有礼貌的人很难找。easy 容易的， hard 困难的， likely 很可能的， impossible不可能的。40. C考查形容词。在我们现在这个先进但是却咄咄逼人的社会，推挤是非常常见的。normal 正常的，usual 通常的， common 常见的， ordinary普通的。【名师点睛】1.上下文对照，捕捉关键词。解完型填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下
71、对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。2.结合生活，利用常识解题。目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。第II卷第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（每空一词）或括号内单词的正确形式。A South Korean biomedical start-up called Ybrain has developed a headband that they claim will offer relief from the sy
72、mptoms of_41_(depress). The device, called Mindd, works_42_(use) a technique called transcranial direct-current stimulation(tDCS). Here, a low-voltage electrical current_43_(apply) to specific areas in the brain via electrodes(电极) placed on the skull.tDCS is not new-the basic_44_(principle) have bee
73、n understood since the early 19th century. But the past decade or so has seen increased interest in its use in treating neurological and psychiatric conditions, and a 2016 meta-analysis of hundreds of studies concluded that its “possibly or probably effective”_45_a treatment for depression.tDCS equi
74、pment can stimulate particular brain regions either anodally (increasing neuronal activity)_46_cathodally (decreasing neuronal activity). The Mindd headset applies anodal stimulation via electrodes in the headband to the frontal lobe, an area_47_decreased activity is associated with depressive disor
75、ders. Mindd is not intended as a DIY solution: patients would use it in_48_own homes, and all data regarding treatment would be sent automatically to their doctor.The headband is_49_(current) undergoing clinical trials at Harvard Medical School, and at 12 hospitals in South Korea. Early results are
76、said to be_50_(promise), and if all goes well, Ybrain hopes to market the device to health providers by 2019.【答案】41. depression 42. using 43. is applied 44. principles 45. as 46. or 47. where 48. their 49. currently 50. promising【解析】这篇文章主要介绍了韩国医药学研制出来的一种头巾，他们声称这种头巾可以减轻沮丧的症状。41. 考查名词。他们声称这种头巾可以减轻沮丧的症
77、状。这里应该使用名词，填depression。42. 考查非谓语动词。The device与use之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，填using。43. 考查语态。a low-voltage electrical current与apply之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，填is applied。44. 考查名词。根据have been understood，可知这里需要使用名词复数形式，填principles。45. 考查语义理解。表示“作为治疗沮丧的一种方法”，所以填as。46. 考查连词。anodally 与cathodally 之间是一种选择关系，所以填or。47. 考查定语从句。_7_d
78、ecreased activity is associated with depressive disorders. 是一个定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。48. 考查代词。病人们可以在他们自己的家里使用它。表示“他们的”，所以填their。49. 考查副词。修饰动词undergoing，用副词，所以填currently。50. 考查形容词。作be动词之后的表语，用形容词，所以填promising。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，
79、文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Dear Peter,Its a fairly long time since you leave our school. I miss you very much. Is everything going well?The book you recommended me is very be
80、nefit to my English studies. It has abundant reading materials what I need most, greatly broaden my horizon. Now I have become more interesting in English. Beside, since I can express myself much better than ever, Ive been made some new foreign friends.Thanks to my kindness and consideration, Ive ma
81、de rapid progresses in English. Im looking forward to more advice from you!Yours,Li Hua【答案】【解析】这篇文章是李华写给peter的一封信。在信中，李华感谢peter给自己推荐的书，这本书让李华在学习英语中受益匪浅。考查时态。从你离开我们学校，已经有相当长的一段时间了。表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以leave改成left。考查固定短语。recommend to向推荐，是固定短语，所以recommended后面加to。考查形容词。作be动词之后的表语，用形容词，所以benefit改成benefici
82、al。考查定语从句。that I need most, 是一个定语从句，修饰先行词reading materials，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，所以what改成that/which/删去what。考查非谓语动词。broaden与其逻辑主语it之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，broaden改成broadening.考查固定短语。become interested in对感兴趣，是固定短语，所以interesting改成interested。考查副词。此外，因为我可以比以前更好的表达自己，所以我交了许多新的外国朋友。所以beside改成besides。考查语态。“我”和“交朋友”之间是主动关系，
83、所以用主动语态，去掉been。考查代词。感谢你的好意和关心。所以my改成your。考查固定短语。make progress取得进步，是固定短语，所以progresses改成progress。第二节 书面表达（共1小题，满分25分）52. 假定你是学生会主席李华。最近，一批来自澳大利亚的高中生将来你校访问。请你写一篇英语发言稿，介绍为他们安排的活动。内容包括：1.参观校园；2.观看介绍学校的短片；3.体验中国的传统节日重阳节（the Double Ninth Festival）注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Friends,Welcome to our s
84、chool._Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear friends, Welcome to our school. Im Li Hua, president of the Student Council. Now Id like to tell you something about the schedule for your visit. First of all, I will show you around our campus so that you can get a general impression of our school. After that, youll watc
85、h a short video that will help you learn more about the history, characteristics, staff and students of our school. Whats more, you will participate in some activities to celebrate the Double Ninth Festival-one of the Chinese traditional festivals, which will provide a good opportunity for you to ex
86、perience Chinese culture. I hope it will be an unforgettable experience for you. In a word, I hope you can have a good stay with us and enjoy yourselves. Thanks.Yours,Li Hua【解析】本文属于提纲类作文，要求假定你是学生会主席李华。最近，一批来自澳大利亚的高中生将来你校访问。请你写一篇英语发言稿，介绍为他们安排的活动。要注意发言稿的格式和特殊用词。考虑用一般将来时来写。要点：1.参观校园；2.观看介绍学校的短片；3.体验中国的传统节日重阳节（the Double Ninth Festival）。这篇文章对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，一定要契合给出的开头，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
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