1、吉林省长春市实验中学2019-2020学年高二英语下学期期中试题（含解析）第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题卡上。第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)听下面 5 短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man ask the class to do?A. Study from the
2、book.B. Get into groups.C. Stand up and listen.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: OK, class, listen up. Please be seated, and open your textbooks. I want you to read Chapter Two and answer the three questions at the end of the class.W: Mr.Jones? Can we work in groups again?M: If you wish.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Which team
3、 will have to wait?A. The yellow team.B. The red team.C. The blue team.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: All right, gather round, everyone. Red and blue will be playing first, and yellow will come on in five minutes.M: Thats not fair. The red team played first last time.W: Dont worry. Each team will play the same amo
4、unt.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why has the woman changed the boys seat?A. Because he cant see clearly.B. Because he talks too much.C. Because he has trouble in listening.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Mrs. Lane? Why has my seat been moved to the front row? Everyone else is sitting in their original seats.W: If you choose
5、 to talk in class instead of listening, your seat will be moved closer to me so I can see you better.4.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】When are the speakers waking up tomorrow?A. At ten.B. Around nine.C. Before eight.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: We have an early wake-up tomorrow, so you have to wake up before eight tomorrow mo
6、rning. We have to be on the road around nine.M: Yeah, yeah. Dont worry about me. Im not the one who is going out tonight. Its already ten oclock, you know5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How does the man feel?A. Hopeful.B. Worried.C. Happy.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: Tell our listeners, Dr. Foster. Is it true that one out o
7、f every four students in high school has a learning difficulty?M: Our research seems to confirm this, yes. But rather than being concerned, Im actually hopeful for the future. Thats why I came on your show第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)听下面 5 段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，
8、你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. How many dogs do the speakers have?A. Two.B. One.C. Three.7. Why does the woman change her mind about the cat?A. She wants more animals.B. She doesnt want it to die.C. She has enough money and room for it.【答案】
9、6. B 7. B【解析】【原文】M: I found an abandoned cat beside the road. I think we should bring it home with us.W: Are you sure? We already have two cats and one dog. We cant take care of too many animals. We wont have enough money to feed them or have room for them.M: I know. But the sad little cat was all a
10、lone and scared. Its very small. Its just a kitten. It will die if we dont save it.W: Okay, okay. Lets go get it. I want it to survive. I hate seeing animals in pain. Well take care of it somehow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. What kind of food does the man want to eat?A. Beef.B. Ham sandwich
11、.C. Chicken.9. When will the mans son receive his food?A. In about ten minutes.B. In about two minutes.C. In about one minute.10. Where does the conversation most likely take place?A. In a restaurant.B. In a movie theater.C. On a plane.【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C【解析】W: Would you like the beef and vegetables
12、 or the chicken and rice?M: Ill have the chicken, and my wife will have the beef and vegetables. Also, do you have a kids menu we can order from?W: Sure. Its in the pocket on the back of the seat. What would you like?M: My son will have a ham sandwich and some potato chips. Thank you.W: OK. Youll ha
13、ve to wait until we finish serving the lunches. All our attendants are busy right now. I will be here in about 10 minutes.M: Can I get a Coke, two bottles of water, please?W: Youll just have to wait a minute, sir. The drink cart is right behind me. Anything else?M: Yes, actually. I think my earphone
14、s are broken. I cant hear the sound from the movie.W: No problem, sir. Ill bring you a pair when I come back with the sandwich. Is that all?M: Yes, thats it. Thanks.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. What did the man do last weekend?A. He went to the movies.B. He went ice-skating.C. He played ho
15、ckey.12. What do the speakers decide to do this weekend?A. Visit the girls father.B. Watch a hockey game.C. Join a professional hockey team.13. Whats the relationship between the speakers?A. Friends.B. Coach and player.C. Brother and sister.【答案】11. A 12. B 13. A【解析】【原文】W: What do you feel like doing
16、 this weekend? Want to go to the movies?M: Not really. I went to the movies last weekend.W: Well, want to go ice-skating? All the lakes are frozen.M: Im so bad at ice-skating. Every time I go, I lose balance and fall.W: Yeah, Im not very good, either, but its fun. Want to go to watch my brothers hoc
17、key game?M: Sure! I love hockey. I want to learn how to play hockey better so I can play someday.W: My brother is really good. My dad was a professional hockey player. He is retired now. M: Really? Thats so cool!W: Thanks! My brother is playing hockey for a college team and he hopes hell be able to
18、go professional.M: I hope so, too. Then I can say I learned hockey from a professional!W:Well, youre going to need to learn how to ice-skate first!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. What day is it today?A. Saturday.B. Thursday.C. Friday.15. When will the man complete the report?A. Next Monday.B.
19、 At the end of this weekend.C. One day later than the deadline.16. How could we describe the womans attitude?A. Doubtful.B. Confident.C. Serious.【答案】14. C 15. B 16. B【解析】【原文】M: Arent you worried about our social studies report on the American Revolution? Its due on Monday, you know.W: I know. I have
20、 been putting it off for a while now. Ill have to work all day tomorrow and Sunday to get it done.M: I spent two weeks straight researching and writing everything. I will spend this weekend editing and completing my final draft.W: I usually do my best work when it is at the last minute.M: Thats what
21、 all people who put things off like to say.W: Well, some people like to do everything early and get it out of the way. I like to do everything at the end. That way, everything is fresh in my mind.M: You do know what happens if you hand it in late, right? You lose ten percent every day.W: So, if I tu
22、rn it in a day late but get one hundred percent, Ill go down to ninety percent. That is still an “A”.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. Who is the speaker talking to?A. Teachers.B. Parents.C. Students.18. What will the temperature be tomorrow morning?A. -15C.B. -10C.C. C. -20C.19. What should the
23、listeners have so that they can change into?A. A warm jacket.B. A pair of pants.C. A pair of boots.20. Where is this announcement from?A. A TV station.B. A radio station.C. A school.【答案】17. C 18. A 19. C 20. C【解析】【原文】Attention, everyone! Please pause your conversations for an announcement about what
24、 to do during bad weather! Safety is our first concern, especially in winter. Recently, its supposed to get very cold-about -10C tonight, and -15C tomorrow morning. Whats worse, it will be even farther down to -20C by tomorrow evening. Please make sure you come to school with enough clothes to keep
25、you warm, and you should also have a pair of boots you can change into. Highland Public School District officials will consider travel conditions before making a decision about whether to cancel school. If school is closed because of winter weather or another reason, an announcement will be made by
26、6:00 a.m. on that day by local radio stations and television stations. We may need to inform your parents by phone as well, so if your parents phone numbers have changed, please tell the school. Lets make sure we all have a happy and safe winter! Thank you for your attention.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分)第一
27、节(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFoods of the FutureWe asked young scientists to write an advertisement that answers this question: How will food options, food availability, and individuals food choices change in the future? A selection of their suggested marketing cam
28、paigns is below. Read previous NextGen Voices survey results at http:/science.sciencemag.org/collection/nextgen-voices. Jennifer SillsPersonalized Meal PlansSend us your DNA, and we will predict your food preferences! Receive your personalized food basket, with a day-by-day diet program. We will sen
29、d you full meals and personalized smoothies (水果奶昔) based on your genetic taste tendency.Ada Gabriela BlidnerTwitter:adagbbFresh FruitIf you miss sweet temperate fruits, welcome to our Moon Farm. Our fruit trees are planted in hybrid-soil and artificial air that reproduce Earths environment from 5000
30、 years ago. Pick fruits with your family or ship to your doorstep with MoonEx. Freshness guaranteed.Yongsheng JiEmail: MeatOur steaks are sourced from natural grasslands, where cattle now fill the ecological roles. With FoodFootprint feeding system, we enhance natural grazing (放牧) to improve animal
31、growth effectively while minimizing methane production and water consumption. At only $219.00/kg (including carbon taxes and ecological taxes), our steaks are affordable for the whole family.Falko BuschkeEmail: falko. buschkegmail. com21. Which of the following needs you to provide the information o
32、f your genes?A. Meat.B. Fresh Fruit.C. NextGen Voices.D. Personalized Meal Plans.22. Who should you contact if you want to have fun with your family?A. Jennifer Sills.B. Yongsheng Ji.C. Falko Buschke.D. Ada Gabriela Blidner.23. Which of the following best describes the steaks in Meat?A. Fresh.B. Gre
33、en.C. Expensive.D. Personalized.【答案】21. D 22. B 23. B【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章提供了未来食物选择的几个营销活动，以供人们做出选择。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Personalized Meal Plans中的“Send us your DNA, and we will predict your food preferences!”可知，这个营销活动需要你发送自己的DNA，然后其根据DNA信息将预测出你的食物偏好。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Pick fruits with your family Yongshen
34、g Ji”可知，你可以与家人一起享受采摘水果的快乐。该营销活动提供的联系人是Yongsheng Ji。故选B。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Our steaks are sourced from natural grasslands, where cattle now fill the ecological roles.”可知，这个营销活动的牛排来自天然草原，那里的牛吃着原生态的草。由此可知，在天然草原长大的牛吃的是没有污染的草，因此牛排是绿色无污染的。故选B。BIn 2012, Kim Stemple was a special education teacher and a
35、solid performer in her age group in marathons. And then she got sick. After three years of tests and treatments, the doctors figured out she has a rare mitochondrial disease that is causing progressive mental and physical health to go worse. They told her there was no cure and that this disease woul
36、d take her life.Yet Stemple kept running and competing in marathons. One day she was training for the Rock “n” Roll Marathon in Las Vegas when she became too sick to travel. The usually outgoing Stemple sunk into disappointment. But then she received a gift it was a marathon medal given to her by a
37、friend.Stemple hung the medal near her hospital bed and it was an instant conversation starter with doctors, nurses and anyone who came to visit. That medal pulled Stemple out of her disappointment. And that gave Stemple the idea to start We Finish Together, an organization devoted to connecting run
38、ners who wish to donate medals with those who might appreciate them. Stemple pens a handwritten note of encouragement on each of the medals she gives away. Recipients have included hospital patients, residents of homeless shelters and even doctors and nurses who care for the very ill. “This gives th
39、em a connection to someone,” says Stemple. “If they receive a medal, they know someone cares.”Can a simple medal really make a difference? Joan Musarra said yes, who suffered from a serious disease. “I opened my package containing my new medal and the notes of positive, warm thoughts. I was really e
40、xcited,” she wrote to Stemple. “It means so much to me to feel that I am not alone.”24. What can we infer about Stemple before she got too sick to exercise?A. She was doubtful.B. She was courageous.C. She was down-hearted.D. She was optimistic.25. What inspired Stemple to found We Finish Together?A.
41、 The patients request.B. The medals she won.C. Her friends gift.D. The encouragement from doctors.26. How does Stemples organization help people in need?A. By having chats.B. By giving out recycled medals.C. By contributing money.D. By connecting their relatives.27. Why did Musarra write the letter
42、to Stemple?A. To show the medals positive effect on her.B. To discuss about their illnesses.C. To relieve the symptoms of her illness.D. To ask for another medal.【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Kim Stemple曾是一位特教教师，她不幸患上了不治之症；朋友们赠送的奖牌使她创建了一个组织，通过收集、分发奖牌的方式来激励需要者，帮助他们振作起来。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第二
43、段中的Yet Stemple kept running and competing in marathons. One day she was training for the Rock “n” Roll Marathon in Las Vegas when she became too sick to travel. The usually outgoing Stemple sunk into disappointment.(然而，Stemple坚持跑马拉松，参加比赛。有一天，她正在拉斯维加斯为摇滚马拉松训练，突然病得不能去旅行了。通常外向的Stemple陷入了失望)可推知，Stemple在
44、她病得不能运动之前是积极、乐观的。故选D项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句But then she received a gift it was a marathon medal given to her by a friend.(但后来她收到了一份礼物那是一位朋友送给她的马拉松奖章)和第三段中的That medal pulled Stemple out of her disappointment. And that gave Stemple the idea to start We Finish Together, an organization devoted to conn
45、ecting runners who wish to donate medals with those who might appreciate them.(那枚奖章使Stemple从失望中解脱出来。这给了Stemple一个启动We Finish Together组织的想法，一个致力于把那些希望捐赠奖牌的运动员和那些可能欣赏奖牌的人联系起来的组织)可知，朋友送的奖牌使她从失望中振作起来，激励她建立We Finish Together组织。故选C项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的And that gave Stemple the idea to start We Finish Toge
46、ther, an organization devoted to connecting runners who wish to donate medals with those who might appreciate them.(这给了Stemple一个启动We Finish Together组织的想法，一个致力于把那些希望捐赠奖牌的运动员和那些可能欣赏奖牌的人联系起来的组织)可知，该组织是通过收集、分发奖牌给需要者的方式来实施帮助的。故选B项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Can a simple medal really make a difference? Joan Mus
47、arra said yes, who suffered from a serious disease.(一枚简单的奖牌真的能起到作用吗？得了重病的Joan Musarra说，是的)和“I was really excited,” she wrote to Stemple. “It means so much to me to feel that I am not alone.”(“我真的很兴奋，”她写信给Stemple。“感觉到自己不孤单对我意义重大。”)可推断出，Musarra写信给Stemple旨在表明奖牌对她起到了积极影响。故选A项。CWhale researchers believe
48、they have found a new way to measure the amount of stress felt by whales when they experience serious threats, such as being hit by a ship, and they say the technique could help protect the huge sea creatures from dying off.American Rosalind Rolland is the lead scientist on the project. She and her
49、team are with the New England Aquarium in Boston, Massachusetts. They measured stress hormones (荷尔蒙 ) by studying baleen, a substance found in the upper part of the mouth of some kinds of whale. She explains that the baleen serves as a record that shows a spike in stress hormones when whales face da
50、ngers such as a changing climate and ship strikes. Scientists can then read these records, similar to reading the rings on a tree.Understanding the information is important because whales who often feel stressed are less likely to be reproductive and more likely to become sick. That combination is n
51、ot good for the whale population which is already dangerously low.The scientists did their work on a whale that had become trapped in fishing equipment, which some scientists estimate kills up to 300, 000 whales and dolphins annually. It was finally killed by Inuit hunters who found it trying to dra
52、g the fishing equipment. The hunters said the whale seemed to lack energy. When scientists examined the dead whale, they found its mouth showed an increase in stress hormones 20 times greater than normal.Regina Asmutis-Silvia is a biologist with the Whale and Dolphin Conservation in Massachusetts. S
53、he didnt participate in the research, but she says it is important. “We clearly understand that stress is bad for humans. We also need to understand that stress is bad for other animals, too,” she adds.28. What does the text mainly tell us?A. The dangers the whale often faces.B. The measures to stop
54、 sea life being hit.C. A discovery to measure stress on whales.D. A way to protect the mouth of the whale.29. Which of the following can best replace “spike” underlined in Paragraph 2?A. Rise.B. Change.C. Crash.D. Slide.30. What may a whale living a stressful life be like?A. Calm and fierce.B. Unhea
55、lthy and unable to reproduce.C. Uneasy and energetic.D. Sizeable and likely to lose appetite.31. Why does the author mention the words by Regina?A. To move on to another topic.B. To stress the importance of the finding.C. To tell the necessity of studying other animals.D To show the similarity betwe
56、en humans and animals.【答案】28. C 29. A 30. B 31. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，研究人员找到了一种新的方法测量鲸鱼在遭遇严重威胁时所感受到的压力，这项技术可以帮助保护这些巨大的海洋生物免于灭绝。【28题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段中的“Whale researchers believe they have found a new way to measure the amount of stress felt by whales when they experience serious threats, such as being hit b
57、y a ship, and they say the technique could help protect the huge sea creatures from dying off.”（鲸鱼研究人员认为，他们找到了一种新的方法来测量鲸鱼在遭遇严重威胁（如被船撞）时所感受到的压力，他们说，这项技术可以帮助保护这些巨大的海洋生物免于死亡。）可知文章主要讲一项测量鲸鱼压力的发现。故选C项。【29题详解】词义猜测题。由第二段中的“She explains that the baleen serves as a record that shows a spike in stress hormone
58、s when whales face dangers such as a changing climate and ship strikes.”（她解释说，当鲸鱼面临气候变化和船只撞击等危险时，须鲸的压力荷尔蒙会急剧上升。）和第四段最后一句“When scientists examined the dead whale, they found its mouth showed an increase in stress hormones 20 times greater than normal.”（当科学家检查死鲸时，他们发现它的嘴显示出压力荷尔蒙的增加是正常的20倍。），可知鲸鱼面临危险时，
59、压力荷尔蒙处于增长状态，所以死鲸压力荷尔蒙的增加是正常的20倍，此处spike意为“增加、上升”。故选A项。【30题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Understanding the information is important because whales who often feel stressed are less likely to be reproductive and more likely to become sick.”（了解这些信息是很重要的，因为经常感到压力的鲸鱼不太可能繁殖，更容易生病。）可知经常感到压力的鲸鱼繁殖率低，更容易生病。故选B项。31题详解】推理判断题。
60、由最后一段中的“She didnt participate in the research, but she says it is important. “We clearly understand that stress is bad for humans. We also need to understand that stress is bad for other animals, too,” she adds.”（她没有参与这项研究，但她说这很重要。“我们清楚地知道压力对人类有害。我们还需要明白，压力对其他动物也有害，”她补充说。），可推断出作者引用Regina的话是强调该发现的重要性
61、。故选B项。DIn colleges around the country, most students are also workers.The reality of college can be pretty different from the images presented in movies and television. Instead of the students who wake up late, party all the time, and study only before exams, many colleges are full of students with
62、pressing schedules of not just classes and activities, but real jobs, too.This isnt a temporary phenomenon. The share of working students has been on the rise since the 1970s, and one-fifth of students work year round. About one-quarter of those who work while attending school have both a full-cours
63、e load and a full-time job. The arrangement can help pay for tuition （学费） and living costs, obviously. And theres value in it beyond the direct cause: such jobs can also be vital for developing important professional and social skills that make it easier to land a job after graduation. With many emp
64、loyers looking for students with already-developed skill sets, on-the-job training while in college can be the best way to ensure a job later on.But its not all upside. Even full-time work may not completely cover the cost of tuition and living expenses. The study notes that if a student worked a fu
65、ll-time job at the minimum wage, they would earn just over $15,000 each year, certainly not enough to pay for tuition, room, and meals at many colleges without some serious financial aid. That means that though theyre sacrificing （牺牲） time away from the classroom, many working students will still gr
66、aduate with at least some debt. And working full time can reduce the chance that students will graduate at all, by cutting into the time available for studying and attending classes.There is little reward for attending but not finishing college. Students who end up leaving school because of difficul
67、ty in managing work and class are likely to find themselves stuck in some of the same jobs they might have gotten if they hadnt gone to college at all. The difficulty of working too much while in school can create a cycle that pushes students further into debt without receiving any of the financial
68、or career benefits.32. It can be learned from the passage that todays college students actually _.A. attend a number of partiesB. work while attending schoolC. stay up late all the timeD. care little about exams33. Which of the following factors indirectly causes more students to work?A. The chance
69、of finding a job after graduation.B. The shortage of holiday jobs for college students.C. The need of improving social skills.D. The high tuition and living expenses.34. According to the passage, we know that _.A. working students are more likely to graduate from collegeB. the pay from working can c
70、over students college costsC. working too much while in college may not benefit a students careerD. students can receive a reward for managing work and class well35. What is the best title for the passage?A. An Introduction of Working College StudentsB. The Advantages of Working While StudyingC. The
71、 Struggle to Balance Work and SchoolD. The Difficulties of Landing a Job【答案】32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章提到了自上世纪70年代就出现的一种现象，大学生会一边打工一边上学，以此减轻生活负担并积累工作经验，但与此同时也因为无法兼顾工作和学业，可能导致无法毕业。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“In colleges around the country, most students are also workers.”可知，很多大学生在上学的同时还要参加工作。
72、故选B项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“And theres value in it beyond the direct cause: such jobs can also be vital for developing important professional and social skills that make it easier to land a job after graduation.”可知，通过参加工作可以积累经验发展技能，使得毕业后找工作更容易一些，这是“beyond the direct cause”即“超越直接原因”的非直接原因，A选项“毕业后找到工作的机会
73、”符合题意。故选A项。【34题详解】推理判断题。文章最后两段话锋一转，直言大学期间打工的弊端，牺牲了学习时间参加工作可能导致无法顺利毕业，继而引起更坏的结果。全文最后一句“The difficulty of working too much while in school can create a cycle that pushes students further into debt without receiving any of the financial or career benefits.”说明了其对事业的影响。C选项“在大学花太多时间工作对事业可能不利”符合文意。故选C项。【35
74、题详解】主旨大意题。梳理文章内容，引出大学生边打工边上学这种现象后，分别讨论了其优点和弊端，显然，既要工作补贴高额的学业费用，也要学习以顺利完成学业，如何平衡才是重中之重，C选项“平衡工作和学业的艰难斗争”符合主题。故选C项。【点睛】阅读理解中主旨大意题是重难点题型之一，其中标题判断是较为常见的一个类型，要求在阅读并理解表面文字的基础上做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意思和深层意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等推断出作者索要表达的态度观点。为了能找出符合题意的一项，我们必须排除干扰项，一般干扰项包括以下几种类型：1.夸大事实型对于原文中的细节或论断的某方面程度进
75、行了夸大处理；2.无中生有型捏造原文并不存在的信息；3.推理过头型引申过度，使得结论过于绝对化；4.有失偏颇型侧重于原文一小部分信息，虽然真实但不够全面。第4小题中，A选项“打工大学生的一段介绍”显然不符合议论文的主题，B选项“边打工边上学的好处”属于有失偏颇，D选项“找工作的困难之处”则是纯粹的无中生有，这样通过排除也可以确定答案。第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes we decide that a little unn
76、ecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. _36_ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work?The reason why any of us take any risks al all might have
77、 to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. _37_ As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why arent we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,00
78、0 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. _38_No matter where you are on the ris
79、k-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. _39_ To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well._40_ For the ris
80、k-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, well continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool. A. It all depends on
81、your character.B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.F. However, we
82、 are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.【答案】36. F 37. C 38. A 39. E 40. G【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们喜欢冒险的来源和科学依据，人们都喜欢冒险，因为风险也意味着回报，生活中人们喜欢做一些让别人意外和害怕的事，这和人的大脑有关【36题详解】根据前文because wh
83、en we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking.当我们衡量风险和回报时，风险值得去冒。根据后文Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us.有些人喜欢做一些让别人意外和害怕的事。也就是说衡量风险的标准每个人都可能不一样故F选项 “然而，我们并不是都使用相同的参考标准来衡量风险和回报”与上文为转折关系，且承接下文。故选F。【37题详解】根据前文Risk-takers were better at hunting，f
84、ighting，or exploring喜欢冒险的人表现更优秀，这意味着他们有更大的机会生存下去。故C选项“这意味着他们有更大的机会生存下去”承接上文。故选C。【38题详解】根据前文So maybe you love car racing，or maybe you hate it也许你喜欢赛车，也许你不喜欢，这要依据你的性格。故A选项“这要依据你的性格”承接上文。故选A。【39题详解】根据前文scientists say that your Willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years.科学家们指出冒险的意愿在年轻时
85、会不断强烈。根据下文To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences.为了帮你实现那些，大脑会不断增加你对新的经历的渴望。而这些是在你离开家庭，走进一个更大的世界的时候。故E选项“这些是在你离开家庭，走进一个更大的世界的时候”承接上下文。故选E。【40题详解】根据下文For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the
86、brain related to fear becomes active.不同的人的大脑在处理快乐和恐惧时表现也会不一样。故前面应该是说大脑的不同反应。故G选项“新的大脑研究表明，当我们面对紧张的情况时，我们的大脑会以不同的方式工作” 承接下文。故选G。第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分)第一节 (共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。Surrell was the last person who should have run into a burning buildi
87、ng he has lung disease. But that didnt _41_him.At first, Michael Surrell didnt see the black smoke _42_from the windows of his neighbors home. He was parking the car when his daughter in his car shouted, “The house next to our home is on fire!” He _43_and saw some thick smoke above them. He went to
88、find out. Thats when he saw two _44_crying on their porch (走廊).“The _45_is in there!” one of the women cried. Entering the _46_house, he found thick smoke made it impossible to _47_. The conditions would have been _48_for anyone, but for Surrell with disease, they were life-threatening.After a few m
89、inutes in the smoke-filled house, he _49_outside to catch his breath. “Where is Tiara?” he asked _50_. “The second floor,” her aunt shouted back.Surrell _51_he couldnt hold his breath for long. So he took a _52_breath, and went in a second time.Finally, he _53_something, a shoe, then a(n) _54_and pa
90、rt of her body above the waist. He _55_Tiara toward him. However, she wasnt breathing. He _56_the little girl and fought through the smoke and ran to the _57_. At the front door, Surrell put Tiara down and then started CPR (心肺复苏术). Soon a cough came from Tiaras _58_. Surrell gave five more breaths.
91、She opened her _59_and took a breath on her own. Their eyes met. Surrell hugged her _60_and said, “Uncles got you.” Soon after, his throat closed off.41. A. hitB. stopC. killD. leave42. A. shootingB. gatheringC. disappearingD. decorating43. A. looked downB. looked backC. looked aroundD. looked up44.
92、 A. childrenB. cooksC. womenD. passengers45. A. petB. parentC. girlD. money46. A. burningB. expensiveC. comfortableD. safe47. A. sleepB. breatheC. studyD. work48. A. normalB. calmC. luckyD. dangerous49. A. lookedB. returnedC. relaxedD. wandered50. A. coldlyB. gratefullyC. embarrassedlyD. anxiously51
93、. A. explainedB. provedC. knewD. heard52. A. deepB. constantC. shallowD. painful53. A. boughtB. touchedC. borrowedD. missed54. A. armB. earC. ankleD. mouth55. A. pulledB. droveC. wavedD. pushed56. A. caught up withB. picked upC. left behindD. made way for57. A. bathroomB. bedroomC. doorD. kitchen58.
94、 A. neighborB. classmateC. friendD. throat59. A. eyesB. heartC. fingersD. window60. A. nervouslyB. tightlyC. curiouslyD. thankfully【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. C 46. A 47. B 48. D 49. B 50. D 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. C 55. A 56. B 57. C 58. D 59. A 60. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Surrell火中救人的英勇事迹。【41题详解】考查动词词
95、义辨析。句意：但这并没有阻止他。A. hit打击；B. stop阻止；C. kill杀害；D. leave离开。由上一句Surrell was the last person who should have run into a burning building可知，Surrell的肺病没有阻止他跑进燃烧的大楼中救人。故选B项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，Michael Surrell没有看到邻居家窗户里冒出的黑烟。A. shooting发射、冒出；B. gathering聚集；C. disappearing消失；D. decorating装饰。由本句的the black sm
96、oke _2_from the windows of his neighbors home和下文的The house next to our home is on fire可知，邻居房子着火了，黑烟从邻居家窗户里冒出。故选A项。【43题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他抬头一看，只见他们上方冒着浓烟。A. looked down向下看；B. looked back向后看；C. looked around环顾四周；D. looked up向上看。由上文语境可知，邻居房子着火了，Surrell在停车，女儿说“房子着火了”，Surrell的反应应该是向上看。故选D项。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句
97、意：这时他看见两个女人在门廊上哭。A. children孩子；B. cooks厨师；C. women女人；D. passengers乘客。由下文的one of the women cried可知，是两个女人。故选C项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“女孩在里面！”其中一个女人哭了。A. pet宠物；B. parent父母；C. girl女孩；D. money金钱。由下the little girl可知，Surrell救的是一个名叫Tiara的女孩。故选C项。【46题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：进入燃烧的房子，他发现浓烟使人无法呼吸。A. burning燃烧的；B. expensiv
98、e昂贵的；C. comfortable舒服的；D. safe安全的。由上文的The house next to our home is on fire可知，房子烧着了。故选A项。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：进入燃烧的房子，他发现浓烟使人无法呼吸。A. sleep睡觉；B. breathe呼吸；C. study学习；D. work工作。由常识可知，浓烟使人难以呼吸。故选B项。【48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种情况对任何人来说都是危险的，但对患有疾病的萨里尔来说，却是致命的。A. normal正常的；B. calm冷静的；C. lucky幸运的；D. dangerous危险的。
99、由常识可知，房子发生火灾，进入有浓烟的房子对任何人都是危险的。故选D项。【49题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在烟雾弥漫的房子里呆了几分钟后，他回到外面喘口气。A. looked看；B. returned回到；C. relaxed放松；D. wandered闲逛。由下文outside to catch his breath可知，房子里充满了浓烟，无法呼吸，所以要回到外面喘口气。选B项。【50题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Tiara在哪里呢？”他焦急地问。A. coldly冷漠地；B. gratefully感激地；C. embarrassedly尴尬地；D. anxiously焦急地。由全文语
100、境可知，房子发生了火灾，孩子找不到，此时人应该是焦急地。故选D项。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：萨里尔知道他无法长时间屏住呼吸。A. explained解释；B. proved证明；C. knew知道；D. heard听到。由上文可知，Surrell患有肺病，所以他知道自己无法长时间屏住呼吸。故选C项。【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：于是他深吸了一口气，第二次进去了。A. deep深的；B. constant经常的；C. shallow浅的；D. painful痛苦的。由上一句的he couldnt hold his breath for long可知，他无法长时间屏住呼吸，所
101、以深吸一口气。故选A项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他碰到了什么东西，一只鞋，然后是脚踝和她腰部以上的部分身体。A. bought买；B. touched触摸；C. borrowed借；D. missed错过。由上文可知，房子里充满了浓烟，很难看见东西，只能通过触摸来感知。故选B项。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，他碰到了什么东西，一只鞋，然后是脚踝和她腰部以上的部分身体。A. arm手臂；B. ear耳朵；C. ankle脚踝；D. mouth嘴。由本句的a shoe, then a(n) _14_and part of her body above the wa
102、ist可知，Surrell是从脚摸到了腰部，所以应该是鞋、脚踝、腰部的顺序。故选C项。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把Tiara拉向他。A. pulled拉；B. drove开车；C. waved挥手；D. pushed推。由上文语境可知，Surrell找到了Tiara，他的反应应该是把Tiara拉向他。故选A项。【56题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他抱起小女孩，在浓烟中挣扎着跑向门口。A. caught up with赶上；B. picked up捡起、抱起；C. left behind落后；D. made way for让路给。由下文的At the front door, Su
103、rrell put Tiara down and then started CPR可知，Surrell应该是抱起小女孩冲向门外救孩子。故选B项。【57题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他抱起小女孩，在浓烟中挣扎着跑向门口。A. bathroom浴室；B. bedroom卧室；C. door门口；D. kitchen厨房。由下文的At the front door, Surrell put Tiara down and then started CPR可知，Surrell应该是抱起小女孩冲向门外救孩子。故选C项。【58题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，Tiara的喉咙就开始咳嗽。A. neig
104、hbor邻居；B. classmate同学；C. friend朋友；D. throat喉咙。由本句的a cough可知，咳嗽是从喉咙里发出来的。故选D项。【59题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她睁开眼睛，自己吸了一口气。A. eyes眼睛；B. heart心脏；C. fingers手指；D. window窗户。由上文语境可知，Surrell给Tiara做心肺复苏术，Tiara咳嗽了，醒了过来，睁开了眼睛。根据下文“Their eyes met.”也有提示。选A项。【60题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Surrell紧紧地抱着她说：“叔叔抓住你了。”A. nervously紧张地；B. tigh
105、tly紧紧地；C. curiously好奇地；D. thankfully感谢地。由全文语境可知，Surrell好不容易救回小女孩，所以是紧紧地抱着她。故选B项。第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A new bill has been _61_(official) passed in the Philippines that requires students to plant 10 trees each before graduation. According to the details outli
106、ned in the bill, the rule applies _62_ all students who are to graduate from primary school, high school, and college. Trees can be planted in either forests, reserves, urban areas, _63_(abandon) mining sites, or in communities.Over the past decades, the Philippines _64_(lose) more than 30% of its f
107、orest cover due to illegal logging (伐木), but the new bill means that the younger generation can help to address _65_ problem. Under the new rule, 175 million new trees could be planted by students each year. If only 10% of them _66_(survival), that means that 525 billion trees can grow up over the c
108、ourse of one generation.In fact, this isnt the only positive rule _67_concerns the younger generation. One school in India made its students pay their school fees by collecting, bringing to school, and _68_(recycle) plastic waste that was lying across the town. This helped raise _69_(aware) of plast
109、ic waste in Asian _70_(country). It also allowed more students to seek education and even helped the students to earn some money so they wouldnt have to rely on child labour for a living.【答案】61. officially 62. to 63. abandoned 64. has lost 65. the 66. survive 67. that 68. recycling 69. awareness 70.
110、 countries【解析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了菲律宾正式通过了一项新法案：在学生们毕业之前，每个人要种十棵树。在过去的几十年里，由于乱砍滥伐，菲律宾的森林覆盖率已经下降了30%以上，新法案的用意是让年轻一代帮助解决这个问题。【61题详解】考查副词。句意：菲律宾已经正式的通过了一项新法案。此处考查副词修饰动词用法，故将official变为副词形式，修饰passed，故填officially。【62题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这些条例适用于所有小学、高中、大学的毕业生。此处apply to译为“适用于”为固定搭配。故填to。【63题详解】考查形容词。此处考查形容词修饰名词的用法，故将aband
111、on变为形容词abandoned修饰mining sites,译为“废弃的矿区”。故填abandoned。【64题详解】考查时态。该句中出现时间状语“over the past decades（在过去的几十年里）”，可知应使用现在完成时，而主语菲律宾为单数，故谓语用has+done。故填has lost。【65题详解】考查冠词。句意：新法案的用意是让年轻一代帮助解决这个问题。此处的problem特指前文提到的“the Philippines _4_(lose) more than 30% of its forest cover due to illegal logging (伐木)”，为特指要
112、用定冠词the。故填the。【66题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：如果这些树的10%成活，这就意味着5250亿棵树在一代人的时间里成长。此处的survive在if only引导的条件状语从句中作谓语，时态为一般现在时，故填survive。【67题详解】考查定语从句。句意：事实上，这不是针对年轻一代的唯一的积极规则。本句为定语从句，先行词为“rule”，且先行词被the only所修饰，故使用关系代词that。故填that。【68题详解】考查非谓语动词。此处recycle在本句中与collecting、bringing都作by的并列宾语，故填recycling。【69题详解】考查名词。句意：这有助于
113、提高亚洲国家对废塑料的认知。raise awareness of 译为“提高认知”，故填awareness。【70题详解】考查名词复数。句意：这有助于提高亚洲国家对废塑料的认知。结合句意可知，亚洲国家是指地理位置处于亚洲的所有国家，故此处应为复数形式。故填countries。第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分)第一节 短文改错(共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分)71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。
114、删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分Growing up in a small town, J.K. Rowling seems to have led a rather unremarkably life. Many of his former teachers said there was nothing which they could really remember about that girl. After graduated from t
115、he University of Exert as French major in 1987, she went to Portugal and lived there for years. She had been worked at various teaching positions after she finally became a full-time writer. Rowling became well-known for writing chapter of the first Harry Potter book in a cafe with her baby slept in
116、 a carriage beside her. Rowlings books have been translated from more than 55 languages and are available in more than 200 countries.【答案】unremarkablyunremarkablehisherwhichthatgraduatedgraduating 或graduated前加sheas后面加a去掉beenafterbeforechapterchapterssleptsleepingfrominto【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍JK罗琳小时候过
117、着平凡的生活，大学毕业后一直从事教师工作，后来变成全职作家，并因写出第一本哈利波特而出名的人生经历。【详解】1.考查形容词。分析句子可知，名词life前需要用形容词修饰，unremarkably是副词，需转变为形容词unremarkable。故将unremarkably改成unremarkable。2.考查人称代词。由句中的that girl可知，罗琳是一个女性，需用女性人称代词her指代罗琳。故将his改成her。3.考查定语从句关系代词。分析句子可知，“which they could really remember about that girl.”在句中作定语，修饰先行词nothing
118、，nothing是不定代词，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that。故将which改成that。4.考查动词或代词。由介词after之后需接动名词可知，动词graduate需用动名词graduating表示。此外，分析句子结构可知，“After graduated from the University of Exert as French major in 1987”在句中也可以是时间状语从句，从句中缺失主语she，在graduated前添加主语she。故将graduated改成graduating或在graduated前添加she。5.考查冠词。分析句子可知，名词French major
119、前需用冠词修饰，French major表示的是“法语专业”的意思，是一种泛指，需用不定冠词，French首发音是辅音发音，需用不定冠词a。故在as后面添加a。6.考查语态。分析句子可知，动词work在句中是谓语动词，和主语she之间是主动关系，需用主动结构had worked。故将been去掉。7.考查介词。分析句子可知，句子“She had worked at various teaching positions”表达的是她已经从事了各种各样的教学职位。句子“she finally became a full-time writer”表达的是她最后成为一名全职作家。由此可知，在她最后成为一
120、名全职作家之前，她从事的是教学工作，需用介词before。故将after改成before。8.考查名词复数。分析句子可知，chapter表示“书本的章节”的意思，是可数名词，需用复数chapters表示。故将chapter改成chapters。9.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词sleep在句中作定语，修饰名词baby，和名词baby之间是主动关系，需用现在分词sleeping。故将slept改成sleeping。10.考查介词。句意：罗琳的书已经被翻译成超过55种语言，并且在200多个国家可购买。由句意可知，动词translate需和介词into搭配，表达“翻译成”的意思。故将from
121、改成into。第二节 书面表达(满分 25 分)72.假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Jack在微信朋友圈看到了你在疫情期间做家务的照片，发来邮件想了解你的相关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括:1. 你做的家务；2. 家人的态度；3. 你的感受。 注意：1. 词 数 100 左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Jack,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jack,Delighted that you are interested in the pictures concerning Chinese students doing housework, Im writing to
122、 share with you my present life in this aspect.Personally, apart from online learning during the epidemic days, I take an active part in fulfilling my duty of doing housework. By making beds, sweeping the floor and watering flowers instead of my mother, I have not only gained some labour skills, but
123、 also felt a strong sense of achievement and self-satisfaction. I even came to find my talent of being a chef, which greatly pleases my parents, saying that they have never been so relaxed. Actually, doing housework helps me realize how much my parents have done for my comfortable life. Thats why I
124、have decided to keep my family role as a life-long habit.Best wishes!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是一封书信。假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Jack在网上看到了中国学生疫情中做家务的照片，发来邮件想了解你的相关情况。请你回复邮件介绍一下。【详解】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，不能遗漏要点：1.你做的家务；2.家人的态度；3.你的感受。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型
125、使文章显得更有档次。根据写作要点我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇和短语及句子有：be interested in ，do housework ，share with，apart from online learning ， take an active part in， making beds ，sweep the floor， water flowers ，gain some labour skills， feel a strong sense of achievement and self-satisfaction， please my parents ，Actually, doing
126、 housework helps me realize how much my parents have done for my comfortable life.。可以使用的衔接词：1.表文章结构顺序：First of all，Firstly/First，Secondly/Second And then，Finally，In the end，At last，Above all。2.表并列补充关系：What is more，Besides，Moreover，Furthermore，In addition，as well as，not onlybut (also)。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行
127、文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误。【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句：I even came to find my talent of being a chef, which greatly pleases my parents, saying that they have never been so relaxed.这句话运用了which引导的非限制定语从句；Actually, doing housework helps me realize how much my parents have done for my comfortable life.这句话运用了how引导的宾语从句；Thats why I have decided to keep my family role as a life-long habit.这句话运用了why引导的表语从句。使用了一些固定词组，如：be interested in，share with，apart from，take an active part in。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。