1、Section Grammar现在完成时语法图解课文原句感知Its been six years since we last saw each other, you know.And this is the first time Ive visited your hometown.Ive seen quite a lot of China and Ive visited some beautiful cities.But this is one of the most attractive places Ive been to.Theyve put up a lot of highrise b
2、uildings recently.My wifes just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops there.Xiao Li has lived in Xiamen all his life.The family have lived in the town for twenty years.Up to now, Ive understood everything the teacher said.He has gone to the Great Wall.语法领悟(1)现在完成时的构成是： have/has过去分词。(2)由例句可知
3、，现在完成时可与 since引导的时间状语从句连用。(3)由例句可知，现在完成时可与时间状语 recently,_just,_all his life, for_twenty_years,_up_to_now连用。(4)由例句和可知， have/has_been_to表示“曾经去过(某地)”； have/has_gone_to表示“已经去了(某地)，去而未归”。一、现在完成时的构成肯定句主语have/has过去分词否定句主语have/has not过去分词疑问句Have/Has主语过去分词被动句主语have/has been过去分词即学即练1按要求改写句子They have built ano
4、ther hospital in the area.They havent built another hospital in the area, yet.(否定句) Have they built another hospital in the area？(疑问句)Another hospital has been built (by them) in the area.(被动句)二、现在完成时的用法(一)现在完成时的3个主要用法1表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与recently, before, lately, just, already, yet, so far, up t
5、o now, till now, in the past/last.years, these days等时间状语连用。Have you had lunch yet?你(已经)吃午饭了吗？Yes，I have. Ive just had it.是的，我吃了。我刚刚吃过。(现在我不饿了)He has been there three times in the last few years.近几年他去过那里三次了。2表示动作或状态过去已经开始，持续到现在(可能还会继续进行下去)。常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用如：for一段时间，since过去时间点，since then, ever since, u
6、p to now, so far等。Mr Wang has worked in this factory since he came to this city.自从到这个城市以来，王先生一直在这家工厂工作。She has taught in the school for ten years.她在这所学校教书已经10年了。名师点津在肯定句中，非延续性动词如come, go, leave, borrow, buy, die, join等的完成时不能与时间段连用，若要接时间段状语，则应换成相应的延续性动词或状态动词。但在否定句中，非延续性动词的完成时可与时间段连用。I have bought a n
7、ew car for two weeks.()I have had a new car for two weeks.()我买了这辆新车已经两周了。3在时间、条件状语从句中可用现在完成时表将来要完成的动作。Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.直到公交车停下才能下车。He will come as soon as he has finished his work.他一做完工作就会来。(二)现在完成时的三个常用句型1It is/has been一段时间since一般过去时“自从以来多久了”It is/has been two weeks since w
8、e arrived here.自从我们到这里已经有两星期了。2This/It is the first/second.time(that)现在完成时“这是某人第一/二次做某事”It is the third time that I have seen the film.这是我第三次看这部电影了。3在“This/It is the形容词最高级名词that从句”结构中，that引导的宾语从句要用现在完成时态。This is the best book that I have read.这是我看过的最好的书。即学即练2(1)选词填空：for, sinceMy aunt has worked in A
9、ustralia for 15 years.Margaret is in her office. She has been there since 7 oclock.Mike has been ill for a long time. He has been in hospital since October.(2)单句语法填空Jim has_finished (finish) his homework already. He is free now.Dont get out of the room until the rain has_stopped (stop)We have_stayed
10、 (stay) here for three weeks.三、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1现在完成时强调的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，落脚点是现在。He has lived in Beijing for four years.他在北京住了四年了。(可能继续住下去)2一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在的情况没有关系。与表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday，last year，in the past，ago等。He lived in Beijing for four years.他在北京住过四年。(现在已经不在那里住了)即学即练3对比翻译1我们参观过这所学校。(说
11、明现在对这所学校有所了解) We_have_visited_the_school.2我们上周参观了这所学校。(只说明上周参观学校这个动作) We_visited_the_school_last_week.3她在这所学校任教20年了。(可能刚调走，还可能继续教下去) She_has_taught_in_this_school_for_twenty_years.4她曾在这所学校任教20年。(现在已经不在那里任教了) She_taught_in_this_school_for_twenty_years.链接高考单句语法填空1(2018北京)Chinas highspeed railways have
12、_grown (grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.2(2018全国卷)Since 2011，the country has_grown (grow) more corn than rice.3(2018浙江)While regularly eating out seems to have_become (become) common for many young people in recent years, its not without a cost.4(2016北京)I have_read (read)
13、 half of the English novel, and Ill try to finish it at the weekend.5(2014江苏)How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?Well, the media have_covered (cover) it in a variety of forms.6(2013北京)Shakespeares play Hamlet has_been_made (make) into at least ten different films
14、 over the past years.7(2013山东)Oh no! Were too late. The train has_left (leave)Thats OK. Well catch the next train to London.8(2013浙江)During the last three decades, the number of people participating in physical fitness programs has_increased (increase) sharply.9(2013湖南)Have you heard about the recent election?Sure, it has_been (be) the only thing on the news for the last three days.10(2013全国卷)When I first met Bryan I didnt like him, but I have_changed (change) my mind.