1、英语（必修第一册）Unit 3 Getting along with othersGrammar and usage江苏省如皋中学 胡竹晴I. Learning objectivesBy the end of the lesson, students will be able to:1. know the form of the restrictive relative clause with relative pronouns;2. understand the meaning of the restrictive relative clause with relative pronouns
2、;3. learn to use restrictive clauses in different situations.II. Key competence focus1. Learn how to use the restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns in communication.2. Write a passage using the restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns. III. Predicted area of difficulty1. How
3、to use whose and the way that. 2. How to write a passage using the restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns.IV. Teaching proceduresStep 1 Free talk T: Hello, everyone. Last period we learned a story about friendship. And Id like to show you some sentences related to the story. The forum e
4、xchange below includes a post written by Amy, a teenage girl. She had a problem with her best friend Jenny. She was a popular girl.She was willing to make friends with me. David also had a friend.David trusted the friend a lot. T: If we read our text books more carefully, we should remember in our b
5、ooks the sentences above are put this way: The forum exchange below includes a post written by Amy, a teenage girl who had a problem with her best friend Jenny. She was the popular girl who was willing to make friends with me. David also had a friend whom he trusted a lot.T: They are restrictive rel
6、ative clauses with relative pronouns. Read and try to figure out the differences between the two groups.【设计意图：在学生相对熟悉的语境中呈现新的语法知识，让学生感知和注意到定语从句这个新的语法点。】Step 2 Understanding the restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns 1. Find the restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns.T: Belo
7、w is a magazine article on friendship in the modern age. Find the sentences with restrictive relative clauses in the article and fill in the box below. The first one has been done for you.Example: A real friend is someone (who walks in) when the rest of the world walks out.T: Who walks in is the res
8、trictive relative clause to modify the pronoun someone. Someone is the antecedent.Who is the relative pronoun to introduce the restrictive relative clause. T: Please find out all the restrictive relative clauses. 2. Understand the structure and components of the restrictive relative clauses with rel
9、ative pronouns. T: Now lets analyse the structure and components of these restrictive relative clauses following the example above. Here are some rules: A restrictive relative clause is used to modify a noun, pronoun or noun phrase before it. The noun, pronoun or noun phrase is the antecedent. We ca
10、n use relative pronouns to introduce restrictive relative clauses. The most frequently used relative pronouns include who, whom, which, that, whose. We use which for things, and who and whom for people. We can use that for both things and people. We use whose to show possession. The relative pronoun
11、s, who, whom, which, that, often act as a component in clauses. 【设计意图：在学生了解定语从句的形式后，带学生一起寻找和分析定语从句的主要结构和成分，帮助学生初步理解定语从句的基本概念和一些基本规则。】Step 3 Rewriting sentences1. Rewrite the sentences using the restrictive relative clauses.T: Now lets try to rewrite sentences using the restrictive relative clauses.
12、Firstly let me show you an example. David also had a friend. He trusted the friend a lot.David also had a friend whom he trusted a lot.T: Firstly we write down the main clause, and then we locate the antecedent. We use a relative pronoun to replace the antecedent in the clause. Then we put the claus
13、e behind the antecedent to modify it. T: Now please learn to rewrite the following sentences using restrictive relative clauses and analyse these sentences to learn how to use the correct restrictive relative clauses. 2. Explain the relative pronoun which the antecedent is way.T: In the last sentenc
14、e, we can see that, when the antecedent is way, the relative pronoun can be in which or that or be omitted. But you should be very careful. Sometimes the relative noun is different. Look at these two sentences. 3. Explain some rules of using restrictive relative clause with relative pronouns. Someti
15、mes a preposition can be put before the restrictive pronoun, which or whom, but not that. A relative pronoun can only be ignored when it acts as an object. When the way is the antecedent of a restrictive relative clause, we should pay attention to its function in the clause so that we can decide on
16、the proper relative pronoun. 【设计意图：用定语从句来改写句子，在实践活动中，让学生对定语从句的基本规则有着更加深刻的理解和掌握。】Step 4 Completing a passageT: The passage below is about friendship in a great novel. Complete the passage with correct relative pronouns where necessary. Here are some tips for you before you get down to your work. Find
17、 the antecedent Try to complete the clause with the antecedent Use the right relative pronoun to replace the antecedent 【设计意图：通过操练，在实战演练的过程中给学生指导定语从句的解题方法和技巧。老师在语境中教，学生在语境中学。】Step 5 Describing a friend of yoursT: Today weve talked a lot about friendship. Now its your turn to say something about one
18、of your friends using restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns. You can read the example here first and pay attention to the restrictive relative clauses in the example. 【设计意图：语法知识的教学过程是以语言运用为导向的“形式意义使用”的过程，教师要帮助学生达到“使用”这样的最终目的。】Step 6 Writing about friends or friendship1. T asks Ss to wr
19、ite a short passage to show their opinions on friends or friendship. T: Express your opinion on friends or friendship using restrictive relative clauses. 2. T shows a sample and makes an analysis. T: I want to share with you my opinion on friendship. Friendship is like sunshine which brings us warmt
20、h and happiness. Friendship is also one of the greatest pleasures that we can enjoy. When in trouble, we need friends who can give us support and encouragement. With success achieved, we also need friends that can share our joys. We all need friends whose help makes our life more enjoyable. T: Lets
21、analyse the structure of these restrictive relative clauses and pay attention to the relative pronouns. T: For example: Friendship is like sunshine which brings us warmth and happiness. The relative pronoun which here refers to the antecedent sunshine. And meanwhile which functions as the subject of
22、 the clause. Now please follow the example and analyse the function of the relative pronouns in other sentences.3. Peer reviewT: Now please work in pairs and find if there are any mistakes in your partners writings. After both of you have corrected the mistakes, in turns make an analysis of the restrictive relative clauses in your writings. 【设计意图：在学生了解定语从句的基本规则之后，指导学生尝试在熟悉的语境中模仿使用定语从句来表达自己的观点。】V. HomeworkFind an article about friendship from books and appreciate sentences using restrictive relative clauses with relative pronouns.
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