1、Module 5 Great People and Great Inventions of Ancient China课时作业.阅读A(2019吉林省长春外国语学校月考)When it comes to the greatest inventions of the world, Chinas name is sure to be mentioned several times. There are hundreds of things which were invented by the Chinese.AlcoholShocked? I was because when they said
2、alcohol I thought about either the US or the UK. China had never crossed my mind. In China, alcohol was made by two legendary persons named Yi Di and Du Kang who belonged to the Xia Dynasty. This period was about 2000 BC1600 BC.Research says that in ancient China, beer with 4% alcoholic content was
3、widely consumed by people.TeaChina is the proud inventor of tea which was first drunk by Shen Nong, a Chinese emperor around 2737 BC.Tea production was rapidly developed, making tea a popular drink during the Tang and Song Dynasties.The Mechanical ClockHave you ever wondered what on earth we would b
4、e doing without any idea of time? A clock really is an invention without which things were incomplete. The credit of making the first mechanical clock goes to ancient China. The first mechanical clock was invented by Yi Xing in the Tang Dynasty. This was during 618 and 907.Silk FabricSilk, the favor
5、ite fabric of many girls out there, is also a Chinese invention. Although we all know that silk is made by silkworms, it was Chinese people who first invented a way to harvest the silk and then use it to make clothes. The oldest silk which has been found so far is in Henan Province and dates back to
6、 3630 BC.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种中国的发明：酒、茶、机械钟以及丝绸。1We can learn from Paragraph 2 that _.Apeople in the US like alcoholBbeer was popular in the Xia DynastyCYi Di and Du Kang invented alcohol by accidentDthe author didnt know alcohol is a Chinese invention答案：D推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Shocked? I was because when
7、 they said alcohol I thought about either the US or the UK.”(震惊吗？我震惊，因为当他们说到酒的时候，我想到的不是美国就是英国。)可推测，作者并不知道酒是一项中国发明。故选D。2The author asks the question in Paragraph 4 to show _.Aancient Chinese inventors were wiserBmany things in our lives are incompleteCancient Chinese people never wasted timeDthe inve
8、ntion of the mechanical clock is important答案：D细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“A clock really is an invention without which things were incomplete.”(时钟确实是一项没有它一切都会不完整的发明。)可知，第四段第一句提出的问题是为了说明机械钟发明的重要性。故选D。3Which of the following invention has a longer history?ATea.BAlcohol.CSilk fabric.DThe mechanical clock.答案：C细节理解题。
9、根据文章内容可知：酒大约是公元前2000年到公元前1600年发明的；茶叶大约在公元前2737年；机械钟表是在618年和907年；丝绸可追溯到公元前3630年。综上可知，丝绸的历史更久远，故选C。【词汇积累】legendary n. 传说的，传奇的content n. 内容wonder v. 想知道date back to 追溯到【难句分析】原文：Although we all know that silk is made by silkworms, it was Chinese people who first invented a way to harvest the silk and th
10、en use it to make clothes. 虽然我们都知道丝绸是由蚕吐出的，但中国人首先发明了一种获取丝绸然后用来做衣服的方法。(最后一段第二句)分析：本句是主从复合句。 Although引导转折让步状语从句，从句中含有know的宾语从句， 主句为it was . who的强调句型。B(2020广东省实验中学高三上学期第一次考试)Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) needs to prove its worth through rigorous clinical trials, according to the head of one of Chi
11、nas largest herbal remedy companies, as a contentious new law to boost the $40bn sector comes into effect.Traditional Chinese Medicine is estimated by analysts to account for a third of sales in Chinas $117bn pharmaceutical (药学) market, the worlds second largest. But most of those sales are of relat
12、ively cheap overthecounter drugs, with many Chinese hospital doctors unwilling to prescribe TCM remedies because of the lack of evidence for their effectiveness.Chinas first law promising equal status for TCM and western medicine in the countrys statedominated healthcare system comes into effect thi
13、s weekend. Provisions include encouragement for hospitals to set up TCM centres, and a licensing system for practitioners (从业者). “This law is very important for securing the status of TCM，” said Wu Yiling, chairman of Yiling Pharmaceutical, a company that makes herbal remedies based on traditional r
14、ecipes in the northern province of Hebei.Listed in Shenzhen, Wu Yiling has a market capitalization of RMB 20.7bn ($3bn). Mr Wu, the son of a herbal practitioner, controls a family fortune of $1.6bn, according to the Hurun Rich List.Mr Wu is both a supporter of the nature of Qithe mystical energy for
15、ce that provides the basis for much of TCM theoryand the clinical trials vital to western pharmaceutical companies. “TCM needs to develop using modern research methods，” he said.For instance, researchers from Peking and Cardiff Universities tested the health benefits of Yilings herbal medicine Yangz
16、heng Xiaoji, publishing papers in the International Journal of Oncology that showed the drug can slow the growth of cancer tumours. “The theory and recipe is TCM, but in practice the evaluation of our medicines is carried out according to western evidencebased methods，” Mr Wu said.Analysts say such
17、tests can help gain support from doubtful hospital doctors and boost prescriptions. “Doctors need strong evidence that drugs definitely work，” said Serena Shao, healthcare analyst at brokerage CLSA.“Some of these companies are currently doing clinical trials, and getting proof that their drugs have
18、the same efficacy (功效) as chemical drugs. Thats the way to go.” she added.The TCM law has been greeted with doubt from Chinas westernschooled medical establishment, which points to a lack of rigorous training for TCM doctors, and a recent series of shocking events involving herbal injections believe
19、d to have been harmful. “Officials will try and encourage TCM, but also will be very cautious about what kinds of TCM they use in hospitals，” added Ms Shao.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。中国最大草药公司之一的负责人表示，随着一项有争议的新法律生效，传统中医(TCM)需要通过严格的临床试验证明其价值。4Why does Traditional Chinese Medicine need to prove its worth through ri
20、gorous clinical trials? ABecause Chinese medicine is all cheap overthecounter drugs. BBecause Chinese medicine market is the worlds second largest one. CBecause Chinese government wants to boost the law of Chinese medicine. DBecause doctors are unwilling to prescribe TCM remedies lacking evidence of
21、 effectiveness.答案：D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But most of those sales are of relatively cheap overthecounter drugs, with many Chinese hospital doctors unwilling to prescribe TCM remedies (疗法) because of the lack of evidence for their effectiveness.”可知，医生不愿意开中医疗法因为缺乏证据证明它们的有效性，所以中医需要通过严格的临床试验证明其价值。故选D。5Which word
22、s can be used to replace the underlined word “Provisions” in the third paragraph? AArticles of law. BWays of supplying. CMethods of motivation. DApproaches to inspiring.答案：A词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“include encouragement for hospitals to set up TCM centres, and a licensing system for practitioners (从业者)”可知，鼓励医院
23、建立TCM中心，以及为从业者提供许可证制度，这些属于规定的具体内容，因此画线词指的是“法律条款”。故选A。6According to the passage, we can learn that Mr Wu Yiling _. Ais a herbal practitioner, controlling a family fortune Bhas a company in Shenzhen that has a market capitalization of $3bn Clet his company evaluate herbal medicines with western eviden
24、cebased methods Dthinks that if we need to develop TCM, we should use Chinese traditional research methods答案：C细节理解题。根据第六段中的“The theory and recipe is TCM, but in practice the evaluation of our medicines is carried out according to western evidencebased methods，”可知，武夷岭先生让他的公司用西方循证方法评估草药。故选C。7According
25、 to the last two paragraphs, we infer that _.Awestern doctors deny the effectiveness of TCM BTCM hasnt been recognized in the western medicine Cthere is a lack of rigorous training for TCM doctors Da recent series of shocking events has destroyed Chinese medicine答案：B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The TCM law has be
26、en greeted with doubt from Chinas westernschooled medical establishment, which points to a lack of rigorous training for TCM doctors, and a recent series of shocking events involving herbal injections believed to have been harmful.”可推知，中医在西方医学中尚未得到认可。故选B。【词汇积累】rigorous adj. 谨慎的；细致的；严格的boost v. 使增长；使
27、兴旺come into effect 开始生效；开始实施establishment n. 机构；大型组织；企业【难句分析】原文：Chinas first law promising equal status for TCM and western medicine in the countrys statedominated healthcare system comes into effect this weekend.中国首部承诺中西医在国家主导的医疗体系中享有平等地位的法律将于本周末生效。(第三段第一句)分析：本句为简单句。句子主体为Chinas first law comes into
28、 effect this weekend；promising equal status for TCM and western medicine in the countrys statedominated healthcare system为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词law。C(2020湖北省龙泉中学、宜昌一中高三联考)Mary Anning was an English fossil collector, dealer and paleontologist (古生物学家). Her fossilhunting helped change the way people thought
29、about the world.Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21, 1799. She lived in the seaside town of Lyme Regis, in Dorset. The family had nine children. Only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up. Marys father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to vis
30、itors. Mary did not go to school much. Her family was too poor. And schools did not teach children about fossils. Mary could read and write. She taught herself. She learned about rocks and how bodies are made.In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were fossil hunting, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the roc
31、k. Mary had a hammer to chip away at the rock. Very carefully she uncovered it. She found the first complete fossil of the ichthyosaur (鱼龙)Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil hunting. She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to
32、 spot fossils. Most days Mary went fossil hunting with her dog, Tray.Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her. One good friend was William Buckland, a professor at Oxford University. Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils
33、, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors.Mary Anning died in 1847. How evolution (进化) works was explained by Charles Darwin not long after Mary died. Her fossils had helped scientists understand how things began.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了英国化石收藏家、商人和古生物学家玛丽安宁的故事。8Why did Marys father take his children
34、 along the beach?ATo enjoy life.BTo make a living.CTo look for fossils.DTo teach them about fossils.答案：B推理判断题。由第二段中的“Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21, 1799.” “Marys father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors.”可知，1799年5月21日，玛丽出生
35、于英国一个贫穷的家庭。玛丽的父亲经常带着他的孩子们沿着海滩走。他们捡贝壳和石头卖给游客。所以玛丽的父亲带孩子们去海边是为了谋生。故选B项。9What can we learn about Mary?AHer father was a paleontologist.BHer father educated her at home.CShe had nine brothers and sisters in all.DShe might be popular at that time.答案：D推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“ Scientists wrote letters and came to s
36、ee her.” “Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors.”可知，科学家写信并来拜访她。玛丽还开了一家商店出售化石、石头和贝壳且与到访的游客聊一些关于化石的信息。所以通过关键词“ Scientists wrote letters and came to see her.” “She chatted with visitors.”可以判断出，在那个时候她很有名，很受欢迎。故选D项。10Who was the first one to catch sight of
37、the rock containing the first complete ichthyosaur fossil?ACharles Darwin.BMarys dog.CMary.DJoseph.答案：D细节理解题。由第三段中的“In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were fossil hunting, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock.”可知，1811年，当玛丽和约瑟夫在寻找化石时，约瑟夫看到一根骨头从岩石中伸出来了。所以约瑟夫是第一个看到含有第一个完整鱼龙化石的人。故选D项。11What does the und
38、erlined word “crumble” in the fourth paragraph means?ABreak.BShake.CFloat.DDive.答案：A词义猜测题。由第四段中的“She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils.”可知，暴风雨过后她喜欢在海滩上寻找化石。风、雨、浪使岩石变得碎裂，很容易发现化石。所以通过上下文语境可以判断出第四段加下划线的“crumble”是break“
39、破裂”的意思。故选A项。【词汇积累】fossil n. 化石dealer n. 交易商；贸易商hammer n. 锤子；榔头complete adj. 完全的，彻底的【难句分析】原文：In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were fossil hunting, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock.1811年，当玛丽和约瑟夫在寻找化石时，约瑟夫看到一块骨头从岩石中伸出来。(第三段第一句)分析：本句为主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句。.语法填空(2020四川省成都市高三毕业班摸底测试)Students at a prima
40、ry school in Hangzhou had their first class _1_ March 1st on movable type. This is _2_ ancient Chinese printing system.The West Lake Primary School in Zhejiang Province has introduced the course in the new term. An expert in Chinese characters culture has been invited to the campus，_3_ major respons
41、ibility is to teach students how _4_ (use) the ancient printing technology. Students attend lectures on the history of movable type along with _5_ (interest) classes on typesetting and printing. They then print their own document, _6_ (apply) the knowledge theyve learned. One student printed her _7_
42、 (new) written essay “Whether the traditional red envelopes kids receive belong to them or their parents？”_8_ (know) as one of the four great inventions of ancient China, movable type printing _9_ (invent) by Bi Sheng in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty, and it is the worlds first system of movable
43、 type printing.The school said the course is aimed at improving the students awareness of Chinese characters and their _10_ (appreciate) of Chinese culture.1_2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。为了提高学生对汉字的认识和对中国文化的欣赏，浙江省的一所小学开设了一门有关中国印刷文化的课程。1on考查介词。表示具体某一天要用介词on，故填 on。2an考查冠词。句意：这是一个古老的中国印刷系统。
44、system为可数名词，此处泛指“一个系统”，所以用不定冠词修饰。ancient的发音为元音音素开头，故填an。3whose考查定语从句的引导词。空格处引导定语从句，先行词An expert in Chinese characters culture指人，引导词在从句中作定语，故用whose引导该定语从句，故填whose。4to use考查非谓语动词。句意：一位中国汉字文化专家被邀请到校园，其主要职责是教学生如何使用古老的印刷技术。分析可知，how加空格处作teach的宾语，所以用“特殊疑问词不定式”结构作宾语，故填to use。5interesting考查形容词。空格处修饰名词classes
45、要用形容词，表示“有趣的”，故填interesting。6applying考查非谓语动词。print为句子的谓语动词，所以apply用非谓语形式，apply与其逻辑主语they之间是主动关系，要用其现在分词形式，故填applying。7newly考查词性转换。空格处修饰形容词written，应该用所给词的副词形式，故填newly。8known考查非谓语动词。invent为谓语动词，所以know用非谓语形式，know与其逻辑主语movable type printing之间是主动关系，所以用其过去分词形式作状语，故填Known。9was invented考查动词的语态和时态。invent是句子的谓语，和主语movable type printing是被动关系，根据时间状语in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty可知，动作发生在过去，所以要用一般过去时。movable type printing为单数，谓语动词也要用单数。故填was invented。10appreciation考查词性转换。their后要接名词，故填appreciation。