1、中考英语总复习基础语法分类讲练讲解14 宾语从句和定语从句一、宾语从句时态主句是现在时,从句根据实际情况使用相应时态主句是过去时,从句使用过去时的某种形式从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时,不管主句使用什么时态,从句都用一般现在时语序从句一律用陈述语序,即主语+谓语连接词that在从句中作宾语时可以省略;作主语时不能省略what,when,where,how,whatever,whenever,wherever,who,whom,whose等特殊疑问词作连接词当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时,连接词用whether或if,表示“是否”人称一随主,二随宾,三不变【温馨提示】宾语从句中的否定
2、转移 当主句的谓语是think,believe,guess,suppose等表示“认为、相信、猜想、期望”等意思的动词时,主句的主语是第一人称,且时态为一般现在时时,从句的否定一般要转移到主句上来。【考点练】()(2020大庆中考)The school suggested the students pass on _they have learned to their parents.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whereA()(2020郴州中考)Excuse me.Do you know _?At 8:00 this evening.A.when will the concer
3、t beginB.when the concert will beginC.when would the concert beginD.when the concert would beginB()(2020盐城中考)Mr Wu,can you tell me_?We get together and eat moon cakes.A.why do you like the Chinese New Year bestB.how do you celebrate the Mid-Autumn FestivalC.how Chinese people celebrate the Chinese N
4、ew YearD.what Chinese people usually do on the Mid-Autumn Festival D()(2020北京中考)Do you know _?At 9:00 tomorrow morning.A.when the video meeting beganB.when did the video meeting beginC.when the video meeting will beginD.when will the video meeting beginC()(2020福建中考)Could you tell me?Throwing off pov
5、erty(脱贫).A.who people often talk about this yearB.what people often talk about this yearC.which do people often talk about this yearD.what do people often talk about this yearB二、定语从句1.关系代词的基本用法。作主语作宾语作定语指人who/thatwho/whom/that/省略whose指物which/thatwhich/that/省略whose2.关系词只能用that的情况。(1)先行词既有人又有物时。(2)先行词
6、前有形容词最高级时。(3)先行词为all,much,little,something,anything,everything,nothing等不定代词时。(4)先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时。3.关系副词的用法。用 法例 句when表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,其先行词是表示时间的名词(year,season,day等)I still remember the days when we worked together.我仍然记得我们在一起工作的日子。where表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语,其先行词是表示地点的名词(place,school,room等)This is the schoo
7、l where we once studied.这就是我们曾经学习过的学校。why表示原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,其先行词只有表示原因的reason一词Can you tell me the reason why he hasnt come here?你能告诉我他不来这儿的原因吗?助记定语从句的用法主句型,从句型,两种句子要完整。从句紧跟先行词,关系词引导要弄清。定人要用who或whom,定物which当先用。关系代词用that,定人定物有本领。when用来定时间,where用来定地点。关系代词作成分,唯作宾语可省略。【考点练】()(2020哈尔滨中考)What are they talki
8、ng about?They are talking about the greatest inventions _have made a big difference to our daily life.A.whichB.who C.that D.whom()(2019河南中考)Do you know the boy over there?The one _is holding a ball?Oh,thats my neighbor Phil.A.what B.whichC.who D.不填CC()(2020鄂州中考)I will remember the important people in my life _ helped and supported me.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.how()I like the city _the people are really kind and friendly.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.who()(2019乐山中考)What are you looking for?Im looking for the storybook _you lent to me last week.A.whoB.whichC.whenD.whatACB
