1、Leaning about LanguageDiscovering useful words and expressions Complete the sentences with words below.1.The majority of Australians are _ from many different _.In fact,the only _ whose ancestors have lived here for more than 200 hundred years are _ people.Most Australians believe that having people
2、 from so many different _ creates _ and _ and makes Australia a stronger _ and a more interesting place to live.backgrounds nation citizens tolerance Aboriginal homelands migrants respectcitizens/migrantsAboriginalcitizensnations/backgroundsrespectnations/backgrounds/homelandstolerancenation2.Read t
3、he paragraph below,paying particular attention to the underlined words,some of which may be new to you.Try to work out the definitions of these words and write them down in the second column.Then check your answer using an English-English dictionary and write the dictionary definitions in the third
4、column.The first migrants arrived in Australia after a long voyage on small sailing ships.Life was very tough at first because they did not have adequate equipment or food.One of the first things they did was to dig the soiland sow vegetable seeds.However,it wasnt easy to grow enough food for everyo
5、ne and in the first few years they faced starvation.Despite all the hardships of those early years,many of the migrants succeeded in building a good life for themselves.In the early days,There were not nearly as many women migrants as there were males,so many of the men remained bachelors.Many dream
6、ed of having a wife who would share their lifeand work alongside them as they built houses and established farms.Within a reasonably short time some had established large sheep farms and began to export meat and wool back to England.We know a lot about these early years of European settlement becaus
7、e most migrants corresponded with their families at home and many of their letters still survive.These early settlers owed their survival to hard work and determination to succeed.WordDictionary definitionmigranta person who goes from one place to live in another(also immigrants)adequateenoughsowput
8、 seeds in the ground so they will growhardshipdifficult or unpleasant condition of lifebacheloran unmarried malecorrespondcommunicate by writingoweto need to pay or give sth.to sb.because they have given or lent sthto you You will find it easier to learn English words in clusters.Read aloud the foll
9、owing words and write down as many words related to them as possible.Compare your lists with a partner.3.Example:rain,rainbow,rainfall,rainy,raindrop,raincoat,rainforest,rainwaterrain tax home rust time night autonomy defend tolerate celebrate nation city birth associate reserve waytax:taxation,taxe
10、d,taxable,taxman,taxpayerhome:homework,homely,homeland,homeless,homemaker,homecoming,homesickrust:rusty,rustprooftime:timely,timing,timekeeper,timer,timepiece,timesaving,timetable,timelessnight:nightly,nighttime,goodnight,nightclothes,nightclub,nightfallautonomy:autonomous,autonomouslydefend:defense
11、,defender,defenseless,defendant,defensive,defensibletolerate:tolerance,tolerant,toleration,tolerantly,tolerable,tolerably,tolerabilitynation:national,nationality,nationalize,nationally,nationalist,nationwidecity:citizen,citizenship,citywide,cityscapebirth:birthplace,birthdate,birthday,birthplace,bir
12、thmark,birthrightassociate:association,associative,associatedreserve:reservation,reservedway:pathway,roadway,waylay,wayside,waywornLeaning about LanguageDiscovering useful structures Read through this paragraph and underline all the predicative.1.A kangaroo kept getting out of his enclosure at the z
13、oo.Knowing that he was a good jumper,the zoo authorities increased the height of the fence around him,but,the next morning,the kangaroo was out of his enclosure again.So the keepers solution was to build an even higher barrier.However,the next morning,the result was disappointing-the kangaroo was no
14、t in his enclosure.The authorities,being desperate,increased the height of the fence again and again and it was soon over forty meters high.A camel in the next enclosure asked the kangaroo,“How high do you think theyll go?”The kangaroo said,“Thats a good question.It seems to me,theyll just keep goin
15、g higher until somebody remembers to shut the gate at night!”Underline the predicative in this conversation and then practice it with a partner.2.KIM:The meat seems to be shrinking!SAM:Maybe theres too much fat in it.KIM:What can I do?SAM:Its probably the wrong kind of meat for a barbecue.The best t
16、hing is to cook it slowly.KIM:You know,it smells strange too.SAM:Is it rotten?Lets smell.Hey!This isnt steak!KIM:So,what is it?SAM:Where did you get it?KIM:It was in the bottom of the fridge.SAM:Oh,no!Thats the dogs meat!SAM:Are you sure?Exercise in the Workbook Use clues to solve the crossword.1.4
17、an unmarried male5(preposition)through7 a country with its own government,tradition,etc10 relationship of air,water,land,animals and plants11 amount of rain that falls12 official plan adopted by a government or other organizationbachelorviaauthorityecologyrainfallpolicy1 money paid to the government
18、2 relating to central rather than local government3 to put seeds into the ground5 sour liquid made from wine6 person or people in control of others8 be in debt for something that has been given or lent9 an important roadtaxfederalsowvinegarauthorityowehighwayComplete the sentences with the correct p
19、reposition.2.1.If you associate _ criminals,you are likely to get in trouble with the police too.2._ of respect for my family,I try to lead an honest life.3.I have been comprehending _ my penfreined for over five years now.withOutwith4.We tried to talk Jim _ changing his mind,but with no success.5.T
20、hat all Australians are blond and blue-eyed is far _ the truth.Australians are many different races and almost every eye,hair and skin color is represented.6.I am not responsible _ keeping a record of the meeting.Jim is.intofromfor Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.3.defend/defence/
21、defensive1 We must take _ action immediately to protect ourselves from the enemy.2 I am taking karate lessons to learn how to _ myself.3 The villagers only _ against the enemies were sticks and stones.defensivedefenddefence4 They fought _ against the wind to bring the boat into shelter before the st
22、orm broke.5 There is a _ need to get food and blankets to the earthquake victim.6 In _ they jumped out the window of their fifth floor apartment to escape the fire.desperately/desperation/desperatedesperatelydesperationdesperatetolerate/tolerant/tolerable/tolerance7 Having friends at work is the onl
23、y thing that makes my job _.8 I think his parents are far too _ with him and thats why he is so badly behaved.9 I think you need to develop more _ towards people who are different from you.10 I cant _ his heat any more.Im going inside where its cooler.tolerabletoleranttolerancetolerate11 Im sorry yo
24、u cant sit there.This table is _.12 I would like to make a _ for four people who are different from you.13 Im sorry I cant go on Sunday.I always _ Sunday for visiting my grandparents.reserve/reserved/reservationreservedreservationreserve14 If you change your mind about going on the tour,your deposit
25、 is not _.15 After they arrested him,the police went to the thiefs house to _ the stolen jewellery.16 After the accident his _ was slow and he was in hospital for nearly six months.recover/recovery/recoverablerecoverablerecoverrecovery Complete the paragraph with the words below.3.My name is Steve P
26、apas.Although my _ is Greece,I have lived in Australia for a long time and I am now an Australian _.Even though I havent visited my original _ for 20 years,I am still proud of my Greek _.I live inheritage birthplace homeland celebration fortnight citizenheritagehomelandcitizenbirthplaceMelbourne where a lot of other Greek migrants live.As well as celebrating great events in Australia we hold _ for Greek events too.When Greece won the 2004 European Soccer Championship,for example,we celebrated in Melbourne for a _.celebrationfortnight
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