1、Language pointsLanguage pointsThe Human Development The Human Development ReportReportFind these important phrases in the reading part.1.同意2.在顶端3.在末尾4.确保5.直到6.取得进步7.做出努力1.agree to 2.at the top of 3.at the bottom of4.make sure5.up to6.make progress(in)7.make efforts重点单词1.measure【句子展示】1)Did you measur
2、e the distance between 2)those two hi-tech development zones?你测量了那两个高新技术开发区之间的距离了吗？2)Its hard to measure his ability when we havent seen his work.还没有看过他的作品我们很难估量他的能力。3)She failed to measure the effect of her actions on her family.她没有考虑她的行为对家庭的影响。4)Our garden measures 5.2 meters by 8 meters.我们的花园宽有5.
3、2米，长有8米。5)They took necessary measures to prevent a flood.他们采取了必要的措施以防止洪水。6)She achieved some measure of success with her first book.她出第一本书就得到了相当的成功。7)Popularity is not always a goodmeasure of a singers talent.受欢迎并不一定是衡量歌星天分的一个好尺度。8)The Richter Scale is a measure of ground motion.里氏震级是测量地动的单位。【总结归纳】
4、measure vt.测量的尺寸，大小等；衡量，估量；仔细考虑vi.(指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为n.措施，方法；程度；尺度，标准；度量单位【拓展】beyond measure非常，极为 for good measure 附加地，另外地 in some measure在某种程度上 take measures 采取措施 take/have/get the measure of sb.评估某人的能力；量某人的尺寸做衣服【练习】判断下面句子中measure的词性并翻译整个句子。1.What measures shall we take to catch the thief?2.Did you mea
5、sure the window before buying the curtains?我们采用什么方法抓小偷？在买窗帘之前你量过窗户没？3.She works hard and doesnt measure the cost to her health.4.The pond measures about 2 meters across.她工作努力不考虑健康的代价。这个池塘约两米宽。2.position【语境展示】1)If you change the position of the chairs around the table,there will be more room here.如果你
6、改变一下桌子周围的椅子的位置，这里就会有更多的空间。2)My knees get stiff when I sit in the same position for a long time.长时间保持同一个姿势坐着,我的膝盖变得僵硬了。3.What would you do in my position?你要是碰到我这样的情况会怎么办？4.Whats your position on this problem?你对这个问题持什么态度？5.He has a high position in society.他社会地位很高。6.I should like to apply for the posi
7、tion of Sales Director.我想申请销售部主任一职。【总结归纳】position n.位置，地点；姿势，姿态；处境，状况；观点，态度；地位，等级；职位，职务【拓展】in position在适当的位置上out of position在不适当的位置上【即学即练】汉译英。1.这些书放错位置了，把它们放回原位。2.因为他不诚实所以他失去了工作。3.直到我知道了细节之后才能给出我的意见。These books are out of position,put them back in position.He lost his position because he was not hon
8、est.I cant give my position until I have known the details.make effortmake effort 表示“（作出）努力”，也可以用make an effort或make efforts。effort意为“努力”，可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。如：Please make an effort to get there on time.请努力按时到达。重点短语Im sure your efforts will not be wasted.我确信你的努力不会白费的。It takes a lot of time and effort to
9、 get an exhibition ready.准备一个展览需要花费很多时间和气力。【拓展】make every effort尽一切努力spare no effort不遗余力，极力with(an)effort费力地，使劲地without effort毫不费力地，轻松【即学即练】用以上所学短语完成下列句子,每空一词。1.我们必须尽一切努力以减缓病情的发2.展。We must _ _ _ to slow down the progress of the illness.2.我们应该不遗余力地保护我们宝贵的饮用水不受污染。make every effortWe should _ _ _ to pr
10、otect our valuable drinking water from being polluted.3.我知道你不喜欢她，但请尽量礼貌一些。I know you dont like her,but please _ _ _ to be polite.4.他毫不费力地举起那块大石头。He lifted the big stone _ _.spare no effortwithout effortmake an effort1.,147 world leaders agree to work together toagree to do同意做某事(to do为不定式作宾语，to为不定式的符
11、号)agree to+n.同意某人的建议/计划/安排等。(此处的to为介词)1).He agreed to my idea.他们同意我的意见。2).Is he going to agree to our suggestion?他会同意我们的建议吗？3).He has agreed to help us out of the difficulty.Please be relaxed.agree with sb./ones words同意的观点，意见，同意某人所说话1).Do you agree with me about the need for more schools?2).We all a
12、gree with your words/what you said.拓展agree with 除了上面用法外，还可以用来表示“与一致”，“（气候、事物）适合某人”等。如：1).What you did didnt agree with what you said.你的行为与你所说的话不一致。2).This kind of food doesnt agree withme.这种食物我吃不习惯。注:agree不用于被动语态。“I couldnt agree more.”(=I completely agree.)用于口语中,表示“完全同意”。如：-I think its a bad idea.我
13、认为这是一个坏主意。-I couldnt agree more.我完全同意。外延1).We couldnt agree on a date/when to meet.关于日期/什么时候见面，我们未能取得一致意见。2).Do we all agree on the best course of action?我们是否一致同意这一最佳措施？agree on 达成一致1.We _ _ making an early start.2.The climate here doesnt _ _him.3.I dont _ _ _ to make friends with such a man.4.The m
14、anager has_ _ improve the working condition in the company.agreed onagree withagree with youagreed to用agree 有关词组完成句子2.From this agreement came the Human Development Report.当句首状语为表示地点的介词短语时句子须倒装。如：Round the corner walked a large policeman.Under the table lay a wounded young man.倒装句常见句型可分为两种倒装：一是全部倒装，
15、也就是“谓语动词主语”；第二种是部分倒装或半倒装，也就是“助动词主语谓语动词”。From this agreement came the Human Development Report.明显属于第一种倒装也就是全部倒装：拓展地点状语提前句子用全部倒装，再如：East of the school lies a big factory.还有一种句型也可以使用全部倒装。你知道吗？1).Here comes the bus.2).Out rushed the students as soon as the bell rang.3).In came the teacher with a book in
16、 his hand.4).Away he went without saying a word.总结Out/in/up/down/away/here/there等副词放在句首句子也使用全部倒装3.Make sure they have safe drinking water.I only came to make sure that everything was all right.Have you made sure of the time?1).我只是来弄清楚是否一切都没问题。make sure that/of:弄明白，保证做到2).你弄清楚时间了吗？拓展Tell John not to
17、leave the room unless he _ that the lights _.A will make sure;will be turned offB will make sure;will turn offC makes sure;are turned offD is made sure;are turned off4.The index measures a countrys achievement in three ways:life expectancy(how long people usually life),education and income.这项指标从三个方面
18、衡量一个国家的成就：寿命，教育和收入。index 指数，指标 in way 在方面5.The index has some surprises.这项指标显示了一些令人感到意外的情况。句中的surprise为可数名词，意思为sth./sb.that is surprising 令人惊讶的事或人：Your coming is a pleasure surprise.你的光临是个惊喜。6.Norway is at the top of the list,while the US is at number 7.句子中的while 引导一个从句,表示对照。7.The bottom ten countri
19、es are all African countries,with Sierra(in West Africa)at the bottom of the list.with引导的短语可表示附加说明。8.For example,in nine years(1953-1962),China increased life expectancy by 13 years.by引导的短语可以表示谓语动词增加或减少的数量。9.The report shows that we are making some progress but that we need to make greater efforts.=
20、The report tells us that we should still do our best to improve the situations though we are making some progress.本句是一个主从复合句。主句为The report shows.，but为并列连词，连接两个that引导的宾语从句。其中need既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词；用作情态动词时，后面跟不带to的动词不定式，构成否定句和疑问句时不借助于助动词do，否定式采用need not（neednt）的形式；用作实义动词时，后面要跟带to的动词不定式，构成否定句和疑问句时，要借助于助
21、动词do。10.These are among the five richest countries in the world,so it is right that they should do so.在该句中，it is right that they should do so是it作形式主语，真正主语为后面的that从句。当it作形式主语，表语为表示要求、建议、意图、决定、推荐等意义的形容词时，that从句里常用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。类似用法的作表语的形容词有important，necessary，impossible等。如：Its necessary tha
22、t I should return it this morning.我必须在今早把它还回去。同步练习I.根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语意思，写出下列单词的正确形式。1.Dogs can hear much better than _ (人).2.Do you know the price _(指数)in the city is increasing?3.Ill just run through this list of _ (数字)this afternoon?4.Can you show me the p_ of the school on this map?humansindex
23、ositionfigures5.I finally achieved my g_ of visiting all the capital cities of Europe.II.用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Flying across the Atlantic for the first 2.time was a great _(achieve).2._(interest),he was only seven when he composed the music.3.The _(develop)of agriculture and industry needs careful plann
24、ing.oalachievementInterestingly development4.Its very important to teach children about road _(safe).5.The three countries reached an _(agree)to stop the war.III.用适当的介词填空。1.“Wheres the beef?”she shouted _ 2.a strange way.2.1)The population of the area increased _ 5%last year,and it is 1.8 million no
25、w.safetyagreementinby2)The fat man has reduced his weight _ 92 kilos _ 20 kilos.3.1)At last his wife agreed _ the trip as long as he allowed her to go as well.2)I dont agree _ either of you _ many things.tobytowithonIV.用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空。make sure,at the top of,up to,make efforts,make progress1.Jane is
26、 still sick in hospital,but she is _.2.You can have a better view of the small village _ the hill.making progressat the top of3.Her story has proved that we can succeed so long as we _.4.To _ that he was at home,I called him up in advance.5.The newly-built hall in this school can hold _ 500 students
27、.make effortsmake sureup toV.根据括号内所给的汉语提示完成下列句子。1.Do you know why the government _ (鼓励人们骑自行车)？2.A lot of high-rise buildings have been built _(在最近十年里).3.Our English teacher,Miss Li,came in _ (胳膊下夹着一本词典).encourage people to ride bicyclesin the past ten yearswith a dictionary under her arm4.The government has promised to _(采取措施)to help the unemployed.5.In the eastern part of China _(坐落着青岛市),a major shipping centre.take measureslies the city of Qingdao
