1、人教课标高二 选修 8Unit 11.California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population.population(1)对人口提问用 what,不用 how many,how much。Whats the population of the city?这个城市有多少人口？(2)population 作主语时用单数，但前有分数，小数，百分数时，谓语动词用复数。The population of China is larger than that of America.中国人口比美国人口多。80
2、%of the population are farmers.百分之80的人口是农民。(3)人口的增加或减少用 grow(increase)和 fall(decrease);人口的多少用 large和 small。The population of China _ large.And 70%of the population of China_ peasants.isarea.本句的主句是 Scientists believe，从句是 that 引导的宾语从句。b.宾语从句中 which 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 _。2.Scientists believe that these settle
3、rs crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.land bridgemeans n.方式,手段(单复数相同)。The quickest means of travel is by plane.Every possible means has been tried,but none has worked.Are there any possible means of getting there?Some means
4、 are practical while others are not.联想记忆：1)by no means 决不，一点也不She is by no means poor;in fact,she is very rich.2)by this means(in this way);用这种方式by means of 用方式He succeeded by means of hard work.3)by all means 当然可以,没问题-Can I see it?-By all means.考例1 Can I come and have a look at your new house?Yes,_
5、!（浙江2011）A.with pleasure B.I like itC.I quite agree D.by all means点拨 选 D。答语意为：好的，当然可以。with pleasure 乐意帮忙；I like it 我喜欢；I quite agree 我非常同意；by all means 当然可以。D考例2 Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games?_.Ours is much stronger than theirs.（江苏 2010）A.Of
6、course B.It dependsC.Dont mention itD.By no means D点拨 选 D。句意为：“你认为他们的乒乓球队会在即将到来的亚运会上夺得第一名吗？”“绝对不会的。我们队比他们强得多。”其余三项：of course 当然，it depends 看情况，dont mention it 别客气，均不符合语境。3.Of the first Spanish to go to California,the majority were religious men,majority 大多数 n.1)the majority of the people:most of the
7、 people 大多数人2)majority 常与 a/the 连用;most 后接名词或 of+n.The majority were/was for the plan.The majority of the people/Most people/Most of the people are against the idea of building a new factory here.The majority _ for the budget.The majority of students _ hard-working.The majority of the damage _ easy
8、to repair.was/wereareis单独做主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数，强调个体时，谓语动词用复数。a/the majority of+n.后可用不可数名词，也可用可数名词复数，谓语动词由后面的名词决定。4.Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century when they fought against the native people and took their land.16世纪早期,西班牙士兵到达南美洲,这时同土著人作斗争并占领这片土地。fight for 为事业,自由
9、,真理,权利等而斗争(战斗)fight for,fight against&fight withThey are fighting for freedom.他们正为自由而战。fight against(可用with)the enemy“为反对而斗争”；接人和国家名词，意思是“与战斗”fight with sb.也可表示与某人并肩作战fight a war/battle打一场战争5.Some died or returned home,but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hards
10、hip.make a life 开始新的生活They go to big cities to make a life.关于 life 的短语：earn/make/get a living 谋生lead/live a.life 过着.的生活6.It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups,分析a.it is believed that.表示“人们认为”，其中 it 是形式
11、主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。b.so.that.如此以至于，其中that 引导结果状语从句。mix vt./vi.混合、掺和(combine so that they cant be separated)mix A with B 1)He mixed red paint with yellow paint to make orange paint.2)It is better to mix work with pleasure.3)Oil doesnt mix with water.油和水不相交融。联想记忆：mixture 混合物mixed 混合的,复杂的,男女混合的The ci
12、ty is a mixture of ancient and modern buildings.Hearing the news,I had mixed feelings.A mixed society includes people of different classes,tastes,etc.1)He is famous for _ Chinese traditional music _ western performance forms and instruments.2)Miss Xu _ my results with someone elses.mixing withmixed
13、up nationality 国籍,民族1)What is your nationality?Im Chinese.2)to take American nationality 加入美国国籍7.,which today still keeps up their Danish culture.阅读下列句子，观察keep up在句中的意思。1.Today the people in the village still keep up their original culture.2.The snowstorm kept up for five days.沿袭（风俗、传统等）保持，持续3.Those
14、 houses are so strongly built that they would keep up even in a violent earthquake.4.I see youre getting along well with your English studies.Splendid!You must keep up the good work.坚持，维持坚持，维持keep up with 跟上，不落在后面；了解；保持联系keep off 挡住；（使）避开keep on 继续（干）；坚持（干）1.They could not keep up with us when we cl
15、imbed the mountain.2.She held an old piece of cloth over them both to keep the rain off.3.You just have to keep on trying.选用以上短语的适当形式填空。1.In some parks,visitors are requested to _ the grass.2.Lets hope the sunny weather _ for Saturdays tennis match.keep offkeeps up1.Exactly when the first people arr
16、ived in what we now know as California,no one really knows.2.分析 a.本句是一个主从复合句,也是个倒装句。b.主句是 _,从句是when引导的宾语从句。c.在宾语从句中,what引导的从句作介词 in 的宾语。no one really knows考点exactly 精确地，恰好，完全。可构成 not exactly，表示“一点也不，不完全是”。考例 So you gave her your phone?_,she said shed return it to me when she could afford her own.（20
17、11大纲全国卷）A.My pleasure B.Not exactlyC.No doubt D.All right 点拨选 B。答语意为：也不完全是，她说等她能买上自己的手机时就会把它还给我。my pleasure 不客气；no doubt 毫无疑问；all right 好的。2.However,it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.考点 此句中的 it 是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。另外,what,how,where,w
18、ho 等也常用作主语从句的引导词。考例1_ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger,more prosperous economy.(浙江2006)A.As B.That C.This D.It 点拨it 是形式主语，that 引导的从句为主语从句，作真正的主语。考例2_ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.(上海2007)A.That B.WhatC.Whether D.Where 点拨 分析句子结构
19、可知，谓语动词was前是主语从句，主语从句中的谓语动词referred to 后缺宾语，故用what 引导。3.That is why today over 40%of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.考点 why 在此引导表语从句。表语从句也可由 what,where,when 等引导。考例 The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is“programmed”to make us do so.(上海2007)A.when B.why C.whet
20、her D.that 点拨 is 后为表语从句，分析表语从句的句子结构，不缺任何成分，故用that 引导。that 在表语从句中只起连接作用。4.Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period,it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast thatbrought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s.虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到来了,但是更大批
21、量的中国移民却是在19世纪60年代为修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。点拨此句为主从复合句,从句为 although 引导的让步状语从句,主句为 it was.that 强调句,用来强调主语 the building of.。如：It was being invited to the party that was a great honor to the family.被邀请参加聚会是这家人的荣幸。强调句:It is(was)被强调部分+that(who)+句子其他部分。此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语。原句：My father did the experiment in the lab
22、 yesterday evening.强调主语：It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.强调宾语：It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening.强调时间：It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab.(注意不用 when)强调地点：It was in the lab that my father did the
23、experiment yesterday evening.1)It was last night _ I see the comet.A.the timeB.whenC.thatD.which强调句的结构是:It+be+强调部分+that(who)+主谓句。强调句的连词只有两个，that 和 who。当强调的部分是人，且为句子的主语时，才用“who”，其余用 that。2)It is ten years _ Miss Green returned to Canada.A.that B.when C.since D.as考点是连词用法。本题易误选为A。其实本句不是强调句。若是,去掉 It be
24、that还应是一个完整的句子。而本句去掉“It isthat”,只剩下ten years Miss Green returned to Canada.不成句。因此本句不是强调句。5.In more recent decades,California has become home to more people from Asia,including Koreans,Cambodians,Vietnamese and Laotians.最近几十年,加利福尼亚成了更多亚洲人的家,其中包括韩国人、柬埔寨人、越南人和老挝人。这是一个简单句。句中有 in the past few years,in re
25、cent years 等时间状语时,句子的谓语动词通常用现在完成时，如:In the past ten years,great changes have taken place in my hometown.另外,including 是介词,意为“包括(于之中)”。1.What n_ are you?I am Chinese.2.Only a few of them thought highly of the plan.The _(大多数)were against it.3.The Taiwan _(海峡)separates Taiwan Island from the mainland.I.
26、根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示,写出各单词的正确形式。nationality majorityStrait4._(移民)in the 1980s was very high.5.Radio and television are important m_ of communication.6.The unemployment _(百分比)keeps rising.7.R_(种族的)conflicts still exist in many countries.Immigrationmeans percentageRacialII.根据句意,选择适当的词填空。1.Spanish;Sp
27、ain a.He chose Germany,but personally Id prefer to go to _.b.Apart from English,we study Russian and _.SpainSpanish2.Mexico;Mexicana.Many _ regard the United States as a land of milk and honey.b.In _ they were able to live high on a moderate income.MexicansMexico 3.Danish;Denmark a.He was born in _,
28、but he became a British citizen at the age of 30.b.The body of law was established by the _ invaders and settlers in northeastern England in the ninth and tenth centuries.DenmarkDanish4.Korean;Korea a.The capital and the largest city of North _ is in the southwest central part of the country.b.Were
29、going to have a history course glancing at the _ conflict.KoreaKorean5.Pakistan;Pakistania._ speak their own language,not English.b.He is on the way to _ via the Silk Route.PakistanisPakistan1.He crossed the river _ a raft.2.She hopes to _ from writing childrens books.III.用所给词组的适当形式填空。by means ofmak
30、e a lifemake a life by means of declare war on in and around fight against keep up settle in be forced into doing3.I _ taking a taxi because the last bus had left.4.They _ the enemy bravely to gain their freedom.5.Were a little disorganized after the move,but do come and see us when weve _.was force
31、d into fought against settled in6.Lets hope the sunny weather _ for Sundays football match.7.Germany _ France on 3 August 1914.keeps up/will keep updeclared war on1.大部分人似乎喜欢看电视而不喜欢听收音机。(a majority of)VI.根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。A majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio.2.很有可能他不会按时参加晚会。(It is likely
32、that.)3.大家都相信汉语将会在全世界得到更广泛的传播。(It is believed that.)It is likely that he will not take part in the party on time.It is believed that Chinese will be spread even more widely in the world.4.愿意住在气候温和地区的人占绝大多数。(a large percentage of)5.最快的交通工具是飞机。(means)A large percentage of people would like to live in
33、the places with a mild climate.The quickest means of travel is by plane.1.The majority of the students is from the countryside.2.He is possible to win the tennis match.3.It was suggested that he was sent to the hospital at once.V.下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并改正。is arepossible likely第二个was be4.Canada is larger than any other country in Asia.5.There was such little water left that we must save it.去掉othersuch so
Copyright@ 2020-2024 m.ketangku.com网站版权所有