1、The ing form构成：1.一般情况 rain-2.以e结尾的动词 hope-3.重读闭音节的动词 stop-4.以ie结尾的动词 die-lie-tie-raininghopingstoppingdyinglyingtying及物动词不及物动词主 动被 动主 动一般式完成式时 态 和 语 态（tense and voice）doingbeing donedoinghaving done having been donehaving done一.作主语(as Subject)1.seeing is believing.2.In many countries,shaking ones he
2、ad means“no”and nodding means“yes”.3.It is no use trying to persuade him.4.His coming late made the teacher angry.v-ing作主语表示抽象的、习惯性，经常性的动作二、作表语(as Predicative)My hobby is collecting stamps.=Collecting stamps is my hobby.表语可以和主语的位置可以互换eg.His duty is cleaning the playground.Saving is having.The work w
3、as tiring.三、作宾语(as Object)v 带-ing 的动词 appreciate,advise,consider,dislike,enjoy,finish,cant help,keep,mind,miss,practice,suggest eg:Have you finished using the telephone?eg:He tried to avoided being punished.四、作宾语补足语(as Object Complement)vWe found the snake eating the eggs.v我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。v I found a bag
4、 lying on the ground.v我发现地板上放着一个包。v The boss kept the workers workingthe whole night.v那老板让工人整夜地工作。表主动、表进行能跟-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词有这些：“五让、三看、两听、一注意、一发现、一感觉”。make,let,have,keep,leave,look at,see,watch,hear,listen to,notice,find,feel 等。怎么记？五、作定语（used as Attribute）sleeping studentsboiling waterflying kitesa
5、dancing girlthe rising sun(2)a walking stick(1)a walking man=a man who is walking=a stick for walkingWhats the difference between(1)and(2)?Translate the following phrases.a reading rooma washing machinean exciting eveningan interesting crosstalk阅览室洗衣机激动人心的夜晚有趣的相声a sleeping cara smoking roomlistening
6、 practicean opening speecha booking officerunning water卧铺车吸烟室听力练习开幕词售票处自来水六、作状语(as Adverbial)vThey stood there waiting for the bus.vWalking in the street,I saw two birds building a nest.V-ing作状语，与句子主语之间的关系为主动与主句动作几乎同时发生(1)表原因eg.Being ill,she didnt go to school.(2)表时间，相当于时间状语从句,有时前可加when,while 连词eg:W
7、hen hearing the good news,the students were happy.(3)表伴随，相当于并列句，表示伴随的次要动作或补充说明。eg:She opened the door and stood there,frowning at me.(4)表条件，相当于条件状语从句，其前可加if,unless等连词。eg:If playing all day,you will waste your valuable time.(5)表让步，相当于让步状语从句，其前可加although,even though/if等连词。eg:Having failed several time
8、s,he didnt lose heart.(6)表结果。eg:汽车陷入交通堵塞，导致耽搁了 The car was caught in a traffic jam,causing the delay.Marys becoming a college student greatly encouraged me.His coming late made the teacher angry.He is proud of his sons winning the first prize.1.v-ing形式的逻辑主语可用名词或代词的所有格来表示。如：Having answered the letter
9、,she went on to read an English novel.Having been shown the lab,we were taken to see the library.Not having finished his homework,the boy was still doing it in the classroom.2.-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语3.分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。Walking through the park,the flowerslooked very bea
10、utiful.Walking through the park,wesaw a lot of flowers.Standing on the tower,the whole village could be seen.Standing on the tower,we could see the whole village.4.当分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不同时，分词要有自己的主语(构成独立主格结构)。eg:夜幕降临，我们动身回家了。Night coming on,we started for home.eg:她站在那里，头靠在树上。She stood there,her head leaning
11、 on the tree.练习：火车走了，我们不得不回家了。The train having gone,we had to go home.1.I would appreciate_ back this afternoon.A.you to call B.you callC.your calling D.youre calling检测题:2.I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.A.sail B.to sail C.Sailing D.to have sailed3._ is a good for
12、m of exercise for both young and old.A.The walk B.WalkingC.To walk D.Walk4.-You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.-Well,now I regret _ that.A.to do B.to be doingC.to have done D.having done5.Only one of these books is_.A.worth to read B.worth being readC.worth of reading D.worth r
13、eading6.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed_.A.catching B.to be caughtB.C.being caught D.to catch7.The boy is looking forward _ a gift.A.to be given B.to being givenC.being given D.to give8.Has the driver been used to _in all kinds of weather?A.drive B.drove C.driving D.be driving9.Do you fee
14、l like _ or shall we go by bus?A.to walk B.walk C.walking D.to walking10.Our teacher suggested _ the exhibition once again.A.us to visit B.our visitingC.to visit D.our to visit11.What worried the child most was _ to visit his mother in the hospital.A.his not allowing B.his not being allowedC.his bei
15、ng not allowedD.having not been allowed12.As soon as he arrived home,he got down to _.A.developing his filmsB.develop his filmsC.to develop his films D.developed his films13.European football is played in 8 countries,_ it the most popular sport in the world.A.making B.makesC.made D.to make14.She ask
16、ed me to help her,_ that she couldnt move the heavy suitcase alone.A.only to realize B.realizingC.having been realized D.realized15.The salesman scolded the girl caught _ and let her off.A.to have stolen B.to be stealingC.to steal D.stealing16.There was a terrible noise _the sudden burst of light.A.
17、followed B.followingC.to be followed D.being followed17.Do you know the boy _ under the big tree?A.lay B.lainC.laying D.lying18.“Cant you read?”Mary said _ to the notice.A.angrily pointing B.and point angrilyC.angrily pointed D.and angrily pointing19.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction
18、with his talks,_ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to addC.adding D.added20._ a reply,he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving notC.Not having receivedD.Having not received21.When he was a boy,he used to go there and watch _.A.to repair bicyclesB.bicycles to be repaired
19、C.bicycles being repairedD.repairing bicycles22._,his face turned pale.A.Hearing the newsB.When hearing the newsC.Having heard the newsD.After he heard the news23.Not until Jane got off the bus did she find her wallet _.A.missing B.missedC.losing D.miss24.When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door_“Sorry to miss you;Will call later.”A.read B.readsC.to read D.reading
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