1、Module 5The Great Sports PersonalityGrammar复习状语从句【探究寻规】用下面的连词填空。before,however,even if,when,while,whenever,until,unless,in case,asI was persuaded to do the job,_ I didnt want to.I talked to Henry _ the football players were resting in the middle of the game.The students listened carefully _ they sho
2、uld fail to follow the speaker.even ifwhilein case_ she got anything to eat,she would save it for her children.They promised to wait _ the clock struck twelve.Hard _ the task is,he is determined to finish it.We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.I will not buy it _ the price is f
3、air._late he is,mother will wait for him to have dinner together.The pianist waited for silence _ he began to play.WheneveruntilaswhenunlessHoweverbefore【语法精点】一、时间状语从句常用的连词有:when(当时候),while(在期间),as(当,一边一边),before(在以前),after(在以后),since(自以来),till/until(直到为止);一就:as soon as/the moment/,the minute/,the i
4、nstant;hardly/scarcely.when,/no sooner.than;immediately,directly,instantly;time短语:every time,each time,(the)nexttime,(the)last time,by the time,the first time,any time等。1.when引导的时间状语从句。(1)when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的,既可以表示从句动作与主句动作同时发生,也可表示从句的动作先于主句动作发生。(2)when还可以作并列连词,表示一个动作即将或正在进行的时候,突然发生了另
5、外一件事。其意义为“那时”“这时”。be about to do sth.when.(正要做某事这时);be doing sth.when.(正在做某事这时);had done sth.when.(刚做完某事这时)。(3)when还用于hardly/scarcely.when.(一就)中,这时,when从句中常用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时,当hardly位于句首时,主句用部分倒装,通常把助动词had放在主句的前面。*When you have finished your work,you may have a rest.干完活后,你可以休息一下。*When I came home my mo
6、ther was cooking dinner.我回家时,妈妈正在做饭。(短暂性动词)*When I lived in the countryside,I used to carry some water for him.当我住在农村时,我常常为他提水。(延续性动词)*I was about to leave when he came in.我正要离开,这时他进来了。【名师点津】when还可表原因“既然,考虑到”,相当于“considering that,since”。例如:How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare
7、time watching television?他们把所有的空闲时间都用来看电视了,还能学什么东西呢?2.while引导的时间状语从句。while引导的从句谓语动词为延续性的,表示“与同时”“在期间”,强调某一时间内主句和从句的动作同时发生。*She visited a lot of places while she stayed in the U.S.她在美国期间参观了许多地方。*Study while you study;play while you play.该学习的时候就学习,该玩的时候就玩。*Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。3.as引导的时间状语
8、从句。as表示“当时候”或“一边一边”“随着”。as从句中可使用延续性动词,也可使用非延续性动词。*As the day went on,the weather got worse.日子一天天过去,天气越变越坏。*He sang as he was working.他一边工作,一边唱歌。4.since引导的时间状语从句。since引导时间状语从句时,表示“自从”,从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时,而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时(现在完成进行时)。*He hasnt been home since he graduated.他自从毕业后就没有回过家。【名师点津】在“It is/has been.sin
9、ce.did.”句型中,since从句的谓语动词是终止性动词时,按照字面意思理解。*Its a long time since we met last.自从我们上次见面以来已经好长时间了。since从句谓语动词为延续性动词时,按与字面意思相反的意思理解。*Its two years since I smoked.我已戒烟两年了。5.before引导的时间状语从句。before的本意为“在之前”,根据具体语境还可理解为“还没来得及/还没有就,趁着还没就,不知不觉就,才”等。*I had not sat long before he came back.我没坐多久他就回来了。*Time passe
10、d quickly and three months went by before she knew it.时间过得飞快,她不知不觉就在那里度过了三个月。【名师点津】before常用于“It be+表示一段时间的词语+before引导的时间状语从句”中,表示“才,就”。It+was+时间段+before从句(一般过去时);it+will be+before从句(一般现在时)。6.till和until引导的时间状语从句。till和until引导时间状语从句时,主句的谓语是延续性动词,表示“直到为止”。放于句首时通常用until的形式,till在口语中更为常见。not.until引导时间状语从句时
11、,主句的谓语是短暂性动词,表示“直到才”。*The students made much noise till the teacher came into the classroom.直到老师走进教室学生们才停止了大声喧哗。*We didnt discuss the problem until he came back.我们一直等到他回来后才讨论这个问题。【名师点津】not until置于句首时,主句的主语和谓语要倒装,表示加强语气。对not.until句式的强调有固定的句型,即It is/was not until.that.。I didnt notice it until yesterda
12、y.Not until yesterday did I notice it.It was not until yesterday that I noticed it.7.immediately,directly,instantly,the instant,the moment/minute/second等引导时间状语从句,相当于as soon as,表示“一就”。*Immediately/The moment/As soon as I saw her,I knew there was something wrong.我一看到她,就知道出事了。8.the first/last/next time
13、(第一/上/下次),every time(每次)等名词短语作连词,引导时间状语从句。*Every time he came here,he would call on me.他每次来这儿,总是来看我。9.once引导的时间状语从句。once表示“一旦;一就”,相当于as soon as,when。*It wont be difficult once you have got used to it.你一旦习惯了就不难了。*Once he said that,I knew he was lying.他一说那话,我就知道他在说谎了。二、条件状语从句常用的连词有:if(如果,假如),unless(除非
14、),as(so)long as(只要),provided/providing(that)(如果),suppose/supposing(假设),on condition(that)(如果),in case(以防)等。*We can surely attain our goal as long as we are united as one.只要我们团结成一个人,我们肯定能实现我们的目标。*What shall we do if we cannot get the necessary data?如果我们弄不到必要的数据,我们怎么办?*They promised to let us have a m
15、eeting in their office on condition(that)we could keep it clean.如果我们能保持清洁,他们答应让我们在他们的办公室里开会。*Supposing it rains,what should we do?假如下雨,我们该怎么办呢?*Take your umbrella in case it rains.带着你的伞吧,以防下雨。【名师点津】unless引导条件状语从句时,要注意这个连词自身在意义上是否定的:unless=if.not.,意为“除非,如果不”。I will not go to their party unless I am i
16、nvited.(=I will not go to their party if I am not invited.)假如他们不邀请我,我不会去参加他们的聚会。三、让步状语从句1.常用的连词有:though(虽然),although(虽然),as(尽管,虽然),while(虽然),even if/though(即使);whether.or.(不管);no matter+疑问词(无论),疑问词-ever(无论)。*Air exists everywhere although we cant see it.尽管我们看不见空气,但它却无处不在。*No matter where you go on t
17、he earth,you will feel the gravity.无论你走到地球上的什么地方,你都会感觉到地球引力。*Well start our meeting on time whether he comes or not.无论他来不来,我们将准时开会。2.连词选用时的注意事项。(1)though,although与but不能连用。*Although he is old,he is still energetic.尽管他上了年纪,他依然精力充沛。(2)当as表示“虽然,即使,尽管”的意思引导让步状语从句时,必须采用倒装结构,即:形容词/副词/名词(前面不能加冠词)/实义动词+as+主语
18、+谓语的其他部分。as可以换成though。*Child as he is,he knows a lot.尽管他是个孩子,但他懂得很多。*Old as he is,he is still energetic.尽管他上了年纪,他依然精力充沛。*Try as he might,he couldnt solve the problem.尽管他很努力但他还是无法解决这个问题。(3)“no matter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句,可以和“疑问词-ever”形式互换。*Whatever(=No matter what)you say,I wont believe you.无论你说什么,我都不会相信你。
19、(4)有时while也可以引导让步状语从句,但一般要位于句首。*While I like the colour,I dont like the shape.我虽然喜欢那颜色,但不喜欢那形状。【高考体验】状语从句做题关键:1.判断主句与从句的逻辑关系。2.判断连词在从句中的功能。1.(2013湖南高考)You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason _ you reach any decision.A.althoughB.beforeC.becauseD.unless思路分析:选B。考查连词与状语从句。句意:在下决定前,你一定要学会
20、考虑自己的感觉与理智。before在之前,引导时间状语从句,符合题意。although尽管;because由于,因为;unless除非。2.(2013江苏高考)In the global economy,a new drug for cancer,_it is discovered,will create many economic possibilities around the world.A.whatever B.whoeverC.wherever D.whichever思路分析:选C。考查状语从句和连词。句意:在全球化的经济体系中,无论在什么地方发现的一种治疗癌症的新药都能在全世界范围
21、内创造出许多赚钱的可能性。从句“_it is discovered”不缺主要成分(主语、宾语或表语),因此排除连接代词whatever,whoever,whichever而使用连接副词wherever。3.(2013山东高考)_I have to give a speech,I get extremely nervous before I start.A.Whatever B.WheneverC.Whoever D.However思路分析:选B。句意:每当我必须做演讲的时候,开始之前我就会变得极度紧张。根据句意选B(每当,无论什么时候)。4.(2013陕西高考)I have heard a l
22、ot of good things about you _ I came back from abroad.A.sinceB.until C.beforeD.when思路分析:选A。考查连词。句意:自从我从国外回来,我听说了很多关于你的好消息。since自从;until直到;before在之前;when当时。若选before,主句应该用过去完成时。根据句意,应选A。【易错误区】易误选D。when可引导时间状语从句。如果选D,主句的时态只能是过去时,故不能选D。5.(2013四川高考)He is so busy.He cannot afford enough time with his son
23、_ he wants to.A.even ifB.as if C.because D.before思路分析:选A。考查状语从句。句意:他很忙。即使他想和儿子多待一会儿,他也无法抽出足够的时间。A项表示“即使”,引导让步状语从句;B项表示“好像”,引导方式状语从句;C项表示“因为”,引导原因状语从句;D项表示“在之前,才”,引导时间状语从句。6.(2013天津高考)_ small,the company has about1,000buyers in over30countries.A.As B.IfC.Although D.Once思路分析:选C。考查连词。句意:虽然规模小,但是这家公司在30
24、多个国家大约有1000家采购商。if如果;once一旦;as因为,虽然,随着;although虽然。as引导让步状语从句时需倒装,故根据句意选C。.单项填空1.(2013铜陵高二检测)Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?Yes.I gave it to her _ I saw her.A.whileB.the instantC.suddenlyD.once【解析】选B。句意:你记得还给玛丽从她那儿借的钱了吗?是的。我一看见她就把钱给她了。the instant“一就”,引导时间状语从句。2.(2013唐山高二检测)_ente
25、red the classroom _ the bell rang.A.We hardly had;beforeB.Hardly did we;whenC.Hardly had we;thanD.Hardly had we;when【解析】选D。句意:我们刚进入教室铃就响了。hardly.when.“一就”。这时,when从句中常用一般过去时,主句用过去完成时,当hardly位于句首时,主句用部分倒装,通常把助动词had放在主句的前面。3.(2013洛阳高二检测)I was so lucky that I came across my old friend _ I came to this c
26、ompany.A.the first timeB.every timeC.for the first timeD.at times【解析】选A。句意:我非常幸运,第一次来到这个公司就碰见了我的老朋友。the first time是连词,引导时间状语从句。4.(2013沈阳高二检测)_I always felt we would pass this monthly exam,I never thought I would get130marks.A.WhileB.OnceC.As D.Because【解析】选A。句意:尽管我一直感觉我们会通过这次月考,但我从来没想到我会得130分。while放在
27、句首引导从句,译为“尽管”。5.If you want to do the job well,youd better be more careful _ you make mistakes.A.whereB.in caseC.so thatD.when【解析】选B。句意:如果你想把工作做好,你一定要多加小心以免犯错。in case“以免,以防”。6._the days went on,the situation in that country got worse.A.WhenB.AsC.WhileD.Since【解析】选B。句意:随着时间一天天过去,那个国家的形势越来越糟糕。as可以用于as+
28、时间+go on/go by/pass,as sb.grow older等结构中,表示“随着”,其他三个选项没有这种用法。7.You seem to have known Dr.Brown for a long time.Thats true._he joined our club five years ago.A.SinceB.UntilC.WhenD.If【解析】选A。答语后句句意:自从5年前他加入我们俱乐部以来我就认识他了。since“自从”。8._you are traveling where customs are really foreign to your own,please
29、do as the Romans do.A.ThoughB.If onlyC.UnlessD.If【解析】选D。句意:如果你在与你的风俗习惯不同的地方旅行,一定要入乡随俗。though虽然;if only要是多好;unless除非,如果不;if如果。9._you have picked up,you must give it back to _ it belongs to.A.Whatever;whoeverB.What;no matter whoC.No matter what;no matter whoD.Whatever;no matter who【解析】选A。考查让步状语从句与名词性从
30、句。从句子的结构和语意可以看出前一部分是让步状语从句,可以使用no matter what或whatever来引导;to是介词,后面接的是宾语从句,因此引导词只能使用whoever,而不能使用no matter who。10._ youve experienced it,you cant understand how I felt.A.OnceB.BecauseC.UnlessD.While【解析】选C。句意:如果你没体验过,你不能理解我当时的感受。unless=if not“如果不”,引导条件状语从句。11.The school sports meeting was a success.It
31、 was two years _ we students joined in such an activity.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.since【解析】选B。句意:这次学校运动会很成功。过了两年我们学生才参加了一次这样的活动。It was/will be+时间段+before.表示“过了多长时间才,过了多久就”。【知识拓展】It+be+时间+since/before/when/that句型辨析1.“It is/has been+时间段+since引导的时间状语从句”表示“自从以来有多长时间了”。It is/has been three years since he fi
32、nished the work.自从他完成这项工作已经三年了。注意:该句型中若since后跟延续性动词,要翻译成否定含义,即“没做某事已经多久了”。It has been three years since he worked here.他不在这里工作已经三年了。2.“It was/will be+时间段+before.”表示“过了多长时间才,过了多久就”。It was three years before he finished the work.他花了三年才完成这项工作。It wont be long before he finishes the work.他不久就会完成这项工作。3.it
33、+be+具体的时间点+when.表示“做某事的时候是几点钟”。It was noon when we got to Beijing.我们到达北京时,是在中午。4.“it+be+时间状语+that+其他”是强调句型,若把其中的it和be动词以及that去掉,这句话仍然正确,则是强调句型。It was at noon that we got to Beijing.我们是在中午到达北京的。【变式训练】She left the office _ I could say sorry to her.A.until B.after C.beforeD.when【解析】选C。句意:我还没来得及向她道歉,她就离
34、开了办公室。before“还没来得及/还没有就”。12._I know the exam isnt difficult,I shall not worry about it.A.As long as B.As far asC.In case D.Even if【解析】选A。句意:只要我知道考试不难,我就不会担心。as long as表示“只要”;as far as表示“就而言,至于”;in case表示“万一,以防”;even if则表示“即使”。根据句意,选A项。13.It was half a year _ my good friend returned to his hometown.A
35、.beforeB.sinceC.that D.when【解析】选A。考查状语从句。句意:半年之后我的好朋友才回到家乡。考查固定句型It+be(not)+时间段+before从句,其中的主句是肯定式时,意为“过了多长时间才”;故选A。14._regular exercise is very important,its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.A.If B.AsC.Although D.Unless【解析】选C。句意:尽管定期锻炼是很重要的,但是快要睡觉的时候锻炼不是一个好主意。if如果;as因为,当时候,表示“虽然,尽
36、管”时须用倒装句;although虽然,尽管;unless除非。根据句意选C。15.Well have to finish the job,difficult _ it is.A.howeverB.asC.althoughD.since【解析】选B。句意:虽然这项工作很难,我们必须完成它。从句的语序是倒装语序,as表示“虽然”时,引导的从句用倒装语序,即“形容词/副词/名词/谓语动词的一部分+as+主语+谓语的其他部分”。although表示“虽然”,但其引导的从句是正常语序。干扰项是A项,若选A项,要把difficult放在空的后面。.句型转换1.On hearing the news th
37、at eight Chinese peacekeeping policemen died in the Haiti Earthquake,we all felt very sad._ the news that eight Chinese peacekeeping policemen died in the Haiti Earthquake,we all felt very sad.2.I had hardly got home when it began to rain._I got home _ it began to rain.The moment we heardHardly hadw
38、hen3.I had no idea of it until you told me.(1)_ you told me _ I had an idea of it.(2)_ you told me _ I have an idea of it.4.Its three years since I smoked a cigar.Its three years _a cigar.5.Though I like it much,I wont buy it,for its too expensive._,I wont buy it,for its too expensive.It was not untilthatNot untildidsince I stopped smokingMuch as I like it
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