1、Section Using language.核心单词1_ n.记忆，回忆2_ adv.现今，现时3_ v.力求达到4_ n.(尤指社会或政治方面的)议题；争论的问题5_ n.主题6_ n.一系列7_ n.活动(指演出，体育比赛，聚会等)8_ n.作用；影响memory nowadays aim issue theme range event impact.阅读单词1jaw n._2beard n._3skinn._4jogging n._5slim adj._6cheek n._下巴，下颌 胡须 皮肤慢跑锻炼苗条的，修长的面颊，脸颊.拓展单词1_ adv.现时，当前_ adj.当前的2_ a
2、dv.经常_ adj.经常的，规律的3_ adj.(对事故，错误，罪行等)负有责任的_ n责任4_ n国家_ adj.国家的，民族的5_ v庆祝，过(节日、生日等)_ n观察，遵守6_ v道歉_ n道歉7_ n重音，重读_ adj.紧张的，有压力8_ n强烈程度，力气_ v巩固currently current regularly regularresponsible responsibility nation national observe observationapologise apology stress stressful strength strengthen.重点短语1work
3、 on _2draw up _3a range of _4make up for _5have an impact on _6be related to _从事，致力于 起草；拟定一系列 弥补对有影响与有关.重点句型1Strangely,his beard is still red _ his hair is turning grey！奇怪的是，尽管他的头发变灰白了，他的胡子还是红色的！2She still has smooth skin and straight black hair,and jogging has _.她仍然拥有光滑的皮肤和一头直黑发，慢跑使她保持苗条和健康。3I _！我希
4、望她来了！even though kept her slim and fitwish she had come第一版块|重点词汇诠释1responsible adj.(对事故，错误，罪行等)负有责任的，应承担责任的(1)be responsible to sb.向某人负责be responsible for doing.负责做be responsible for.对负责(2)responsibitity n.责任心The teachers will be responsible to the students.老师将对学生负责。Mike is responsible for designing
5、 the entire project.Mike 负责设计整个工程。即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子(1)Who is responsible _ the operation of such vehicles(车辆)is not clear among car makers,consumers(消费者)and lawyers.(2)Childhood activities help a child develop _(responsible),independence(独立)，confidence,and ability.(3)Born in a traditional family,Rick
6、 was brought up to value _(责任感)and sharing.(4)To be successful,the first thing you need to do is _(承担责任)your actions.for responsibility the sense of responsibility bear/take/shoulder/accept responsibility for或be responsible for名师指津：常见的“be形容词for”结构的短语：be eager/hungry for.渴望得到be famous/well-known for.
7、以闻名be fit/suitable for.适合be good for.对有益be thankful for.感谢be ready for.准备好图形助记：He is aiming to break the 100 metres world record.他力争打破世界百米纪录。联想拓展：“动词at”构成的短语glance at 浏览laugh at 嘲笑shoot at 朝射击smile at 冲笑名师指津：(1)observe sb.do sth.强调看到某动作发生的全过程。observe sb.doing sth.强调看到某动作正在发生。(2)observe sb.do sth.变为被
8、动语态时，要将 do 前省略的不定式符号 to 还原，即 sb.be observed to do sth.,2aim v.力求达到；瞄准 n.目标；目的 (1)be aimed at(doing)sth.旨在，目的是be aimed at sb.针对某人，对象是某人(主语一般是物)aim at doing sth.aim to do sth.力求做某事(2)achieve ones aim 实现某人的目标take aim at 瞄准；把目标对准with the aim of(for the purpose of)为了The website is an English-language sit
9、e,which aims to offer suppliers and consumers a direct means to communicate.这是一个英文网站，它力求为供应者和消费者提供一个直接的交流方式。The event is aimed at broadening our horizons and improving our reading ability.这个活动旨在拓宽我们的视野，提升我们的阅读能力。Recently our school has held the Scholarly Campus activity with the aim of encouraging u
10、s students to read more books.近来，为了鼓励学生读更多的书我们学校举办了学术校园活动。即学即练 单句语法填空(1)This project _(aim)at promoting the understanding of the people and the culture between the two countries.(2)I will spare some time to participate in sports activities,_(aim)to build up my body.(3)I am writing to you _ the aim o
11、f introducing the Spring Festival to you.is aimedaiming with3observe v.庆祝；观察；遵守；注意到 (1)observesb.do sth.观察某人做某事sb.doing sth.观察某人正在做某事that 观察到(2)observation n.观察；监视It is a tradition for the people here to observe the Spring Festival.这里的人们庆祝春节是一项传统。She spent years observing and recording these animals
12、 daily activities.她花了多年的时间来观察并记录这些动物的日常活动。He observed the woman leaving by the back door.他看到那位女士正从后门离开。Is that a criticism or just an observation?那是一种批评，还是只是一种观察评论而已呢？即学即练(1)写出下列句中 observe 的汉语意思Though having lived abroad for years,many Chinese still observethe traditional customs._The villagers obse
13、rve the autumn harvest and look forward to the better crops next year._He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years._The thief was observed to open the window and run away._遵守庆祝观察注意到(2)句型转换The police observed the man enter the bank.(变为被动语态)The man _ the bank by the police.When I
14、 passed his house,I observed that he was playing in his yard.When I passed his house,I _in his yard.was observed to enterobserved him playing4range n.一系列；种类；范围 (1)a wide range of 广泛的beyond/out of ones range 超出某人的能力范围within the range of 在范围之内(2)range v(在一定范围内)变动，变化；排列rangefrom.to.between.and.在之间变化Chi
15、na is cooperating with many countries in a wide range of areas.中国和许多国家在广泛领域进行合作。The dog stayed well out of range of the children.这只狗离孩子们远远的。There is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic.有证据表明，它们(北极熊)的活动范围遍及整个北极。He has had a quantity of different jobs,ranging from chef to swimming i
16、nstructor.他做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。即学即练 完成句子(1)这次夏令营将给孩子们提供各种各样的活动。The summer camping will offer _ activities for children.(2)这超出了他的阅历。This was _his experience.(3)我家乡的气温在 0 到 33 之间。The temperature of my hometowm _0 _ 33.a wide range of beyond the range of ranges from to5apologise(apologize)v.道歉 (1)apolog
17、ise to sb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉(2)apology n.道歉；辩白make/offer an apology to sb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉accept/refuse an/ones apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉She apologised to her teacher for coming to school late.她因迟到而向老师道歉。At last we convinced him of his errors and made him offer an apology to her.我们终于使他认识到自己
18、的过失而且还让他向她道了歉。The woman accepted his apology for spilling coffee on her dress.她接受了他因把咖啡洒在她衣服上的道歉。即学即练(1)单句语法填空He apologized to the public _ the delay in announcing the information.I must offer him _ apology for my rudeness last night.I wiped(擦干)the tears of the little girl and apologized _ her.(2)同义
19、句转换You should make an apology to her for your carelessness.You should _ your carelessness.,forantoapologize to her for熟词生义：Our conversation ranged over many topics.我们的谈话涉及很多话题。(vt.涉及，包含)巧学助记：图解记忆 range语境助记The student apologised to his teacher for his rude behaviour,and the teacher accepted his apolo
20、gy.这个学生为自己的粗鲁行为向老师道歉，老师接受了他的道歉。联想拓展后缀-ize/-ise 常表示“使变成状态，使化”。由此类后缀构成的词：popularize 使普及，使通俗化modernize 使现代化名师指津常用形容词短语 related to 作后置定语、状语或补语。He wanted to interview someone related to the matter.他想去采访与这件事情有关的人。(作后置定语)第二版块|重点短语、句型剖析1be related to 与有关 (1)related adj.相关的(2)relate.to.把与联系起来(3)relation n.关系
21、，关联in relation to.关于；与相比He wanted to interview someone related to the matter.我想去采访与这件事情有关的人。Education levels are strongly related to income.教育程度和收入有很大的关系。即学即练 单句语法填空(1)Alice!Give me the newspapers _(relate)to the 13th G20 Summit.OK，Mr Green.I will get them for you.(2)The _(relate)between the origina
22、l book and this new film is very little.(3)In Chinese culture,each year is related _ an animal according to the 12-year cycle(循环)(4)If you still relate“Made in China”_ poor quality,you need to update(更新)your ideas.related relation to to名师指津：make up 还有“构成；组成；编造(故事，谎言等)；和好，和解；化妆。”易混辨析：make up for/make
23、 upmake up for 表示弥补，补偿不良情况或失去之物，或弥补给别人造成的不快。make up 表示补做耽误了的事或补上、凑齐某事物。2.make up for 补偿；弥补Hard work can often make up for a lack of ability.努力工作常常可以弥补能力的不足。Can you give me some advice on how to make up for the time I have lost？你能给我提一些关于怎样弥补我已损失的时间的建议吗？He tried hard to make up for the lost time.他竭力弥补
24、损失的时间。Is it OK if I make the work up next week？我下周把工作补上可以吗？即学即练 判断下列句子中 make up 的含义(1)Every time he is late,David will make up an excuse.So I wonder what his excuse is this time._(2)The successful people know where they arent strong and they use their strengths(优势)to make up for it._(3)Im glad to he
25、ar that you are considering making up with Peter._(4)In Britain,women make up 44%of the workforce(劳动力)，and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work._(5)They made him up as an old man for the last act of the play._,编造弥补和解构成，组成化妆名师指津：even if 的易混短语为 as if。as if(as though)意为“好像”，引导方式状语从句和表
26、语从句。3.(教材 P30)Strangely,his beard is still red even though his hair is turning grey!奇怪的是，尽管他的头发已变灰白，他的胡子仍然是红的！本句为 even though 引导的让步状语从句。even though(even if)意为“即使，纵然，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，从句常用一般现在时代替将来时。Even if/though I fail this time,I will try again.即使这次失败，我也会再次尝试。They wont go to the party even if/though th
27、ey are invited.即使受到邀请，他们也不会去参加那个聚会。即学即练 选择填空：even if/as if(1)When fat and salt are removed(去掉)from food,the food tastes _ it is missing something.(2)My grandfather still plays tennis now and then，_ hes in his nineties.(3)_ serving insects as dishes is common in some parts of the world,for many peopl
28、e,the thought of eating them is rather disgusting(令人恶心的)as if even ifEven if巧学助记：“keep宾语宾补”的结构中，宾补使用什么形式，主要分析它与宾语的关系。4.(教材 P30)She still has smooth skin and straight black hair,and jogging has kept her slim and fit.她仍然拥有光滑的皮肤和一头直黑发，慢跑使她保持苗条和健康。句中 kept her slim and fit 属于“keep宾语宾补”结构，宾补为形容词 slim 和 fi
29、t。此结构表示“使保持/处于”，宾语由名词/代词充当，形容词/副词充当宾补。I was too tired to keep my eyes open.我累得眼睛都睁不开了。An apple a day keeps the doctor away.谚一天一个苹果，医生远离我。“keep宾语(名词/代词)宾补”结构的其他常见形式：(1)keep宾语名词I want to keep it a secret between us.我想让这成为我们俩之间的一个秘密。(2)keep宾语介词短语A cold kept him in bed for a week.感冒使他卧床一周。(3)keep宾语现在分词(
30、表示主动)Im really sorry to have kept you waiting outside for so long.实在不好意思，让你在外面等了这么久。(4)keep宾语过去分词(表示被动或状态的持续)They kept the door locked for a long time.他们把门锁上好长一段时间了。即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子(1)When I work on the farmland in the daytime,I always keep my sheep _(tie)to a tree on the riverbank.(2)To stay safe i
31、n the forest at night,we should keep the fire _(burn)(3)Mrs Black is good at teaching and can always keep her students _(interest)in her lessons.(4)你应该把药物放在阴凉的地方。_tied burning interestedYou should keep the medicine in a shady place.5(教材 P31)I wish she had come！我希望她来了！句中 wish 意为“希望(不大可能的事)发生”，后接省略了 t
32、hat 的宾语从句，从句要用虚拟语气。此处从句内容表示与过去事实相反的假设，因此从句谓语用“had过去分词”形式。wish 表示“希望”，其后接宾语从句时，宾语从句常用虚拟语气，表示不可能实现的愿望。从句谓语有三种形式：Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I danced as well as her.埃伦是个很棒的舞者。我希望我能跳得和她一样好。(与现在事实相反)We wish we had studied harder when at school.我们希望我们上学时能再努力一点。(与过去事实相反)How I wish I could have a goo
33、d holiday this Spring Festival！我多么希望这个春节能有一个愉快的假期！(与将来事实相反)即学即练 单句语法填空(1)There is a good social life in the village,and I wish I _(have)a second chance to become more involved(参与的)(2)I wish I _(climb)the Great Wall with you tomorrow,but Im preparing for the coming exam.(3)I wish I _(be)at my sisters
34、 wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then.,had would/could climbhad been联想拓展：if only“要是就好了”也表达希望，从句要用虚拟语气，其虚拟也分为过去，现在，将来三种形式，用法与 wish 相同。.单词拼写1_(目前),over 500 students enrolled on the course.2He has lots of happy m_ of his stay in America.3We are determined to bring the peop
35、le _(应承担责任的)to justice.4The key i_ is whether workers should be classified as“employees”5Dont expose your _(皮肤)to direct sunlight,or youll get sunburnt.Currently memories responsible issue skin 6The books _(主题)is the conflict between love and duty.7She felt ashamed of cheating in the exam and tears
36、ran down her _(面颊)8I think you should _(道歉)to your brother.9I suggest all of us go outdoors to take part in more activities,such as spring outing,_(慢跑),cycling and so on.10Her speech made a profound _(影响)on everyone.theme cheeksapologize jogging impact.单句语法填空1She kept us waiting for a whole hour and
37、 she didnt even make an _(apologise)2These carpets(地毯)are decorated _ beautiful traditional pictures and can be sold at a high price on the international market.3There have been a lot of arguments(争论)about who should be responsible _ the accident.4The top universities aim _(choose)the most intellige
38、nt students.5Education has always been a hot topic(话题)among parents as it directly relates _ the future of their children.apology with for to chooseto6Scientists are interested in whether the sense of smell is _(relate)to pain.7I am very tired these days,so I am going to take a few days _.8Caroline
39、doesnt have a gift for music,but she make up _ it with hard work.9Dont keep the water _(run)when you wash your hands.It is a waste.10I went to see The Wandering Earth last night.It was fantastic!You were so lucky!How I wish I _(get)the ticket too.related off for running had got.完成句子1这些建议下个月开始实施。The
40、suggestions _ next month.2他不能来参加仪式，但派了他儿子前来替他领奖。He was unable to come to the ceremony,but he sent his son to accept the award _.3好像 8 点有一班公共汽车，不过你最好打电话弄清楚。I think there is a bus at 8：00,but you _ call to _.4这个行业可能还得进一步压缩。The industry may have to _ even further.5这家酒店提供各种各样的设施。The hotel offers _ facilities.6我经常见到他们。I see them pretty _.come into effectin his placehad bettermake certainslim downa range of regularly