1、Subject-Verb Agreement主谓一致Both boystheir own hobbies.The classbusying writing English passages.Neither you nor Iwrong.Can you find out some grammar rules?haveareamThe group _ made up of nine students.The group_ dancing happily.isare主谓一致谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语一致。语法一致意义一致就近一致主谓一致单数名词 单数代词 动词不定式短语谓单 动名词短语 从句 主语
2、为复数谓复(一)语法一致原则1、当主语是：Examples His fatherworking on the farm.To study English wellnot easy.What he said very important for us all.The childrenin the classroom two hours ago.Reading in the sunbad for your eyes.isisisiswere 2、由连接词and或both and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。如:Lucy and Lilytwins.Both she and heY
3、oung Pioneers.areare Attention:若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如:The writer and artistcome.由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no,each,every,more than a(an),many a(an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:Every student and every teacher was in the room.No boy and no girl likes it.hasThe gift is used to have western meals.What is i
4、t?A knife and fork used to have meals.is 3、主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with,together with,except,but,like,as well as,rather than,more than,no less than,besides,including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。1.The teacher with two students _ at the meeting.(was/were)2.E-mail,as well as the telephones,_ an important
5、part in daily communication.A.is playing B.have played C.are playing D.playwasA4、either,neither,each,every 或no+单数名词和由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。如:Each of usa new book.（have）Everything around usmatter.hasis 由each,every,no,many a所修饰的名词，即使用 and连接作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。e.g.Each man and woman _ the same ri
6、ghts.A.has B.have C.had D.is having注意:在口语中当neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。如:Neither of the texts is(are)interesting.若none of后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如:None of us has(have)been to America.1.Nothing _（be）difficult in the world if you set your mind to it.is不定代词everybo
7、dy everyone everything anyone anybody anything someone somebody something nobody no one nothing each the other 等作主语时,谓语动词用单数.2.Everything ready.(be)is3.Someone to see you.(want)wants 5、在定语从句里,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如:He is one of my friends who was working hard.He is the only one
8、 of my friends who is working hard.6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family,class,crowd,committee,population,audience等。如:Class Four on the third floor.Class Fourunable to agree upon a monitor.注意:people,police,cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如:The policelooking for the lost child.isareare7、由“a lot
9、 of,lots of,plenty of,the rest of,the majority of+名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如:Therea lot of people in the classroom.The rest of the lecturewonderful.注意:a number of许多,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;the number of的数量,主语是number,谓语用单数。areis8、在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:Therethe bus.(come)On the w
10、allmany pictures.Suchthe esareis1、what,who,which,any,more,all等代词可以是单数,也可是复数,主要靠意思来决定。如:Whichyour bag?Whichyour bags?Allgoing well.(二)意义一致原则:isareis2、表示“时间、重量、长度、价值、金钱等的名词的复数作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式,这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体如:Thirty minutesenough for the work.3、若主语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式,其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如:The Arabia
11、n Nightsan interesting story-book isis4、表数量的短语“one and a half”后接复数名词作主语时,其谓语动词可用单数形式,也可用复数。如:One and a half applesleft on the table.5、算式中表示数目(字)的主语通常作单数看待,其谓语动词采用单数形式。如:Twelve plus eighttwenty.is(are)is6.由分数或百分数或a lot of,lots of,half of,the a lot of,lots of,half of,the rest of,some of,most of,all of
12、,(a)part rest of,some of,most of,all of,(a)part ofof+名词作主语名词作主语时，谓语动词的形式与与ofof 后面的名后面的名词的数词的数一致一致e.g.Lots of damage _(be)caused by the fire.Some students are planting trees.The rest of them _(be)watering them.On the earth about 75%of the surface_(be)covered with waterwasareis 7、一些学科名词是以-ics 结尾,如:mat
13、hematics,politics,physics 以及news,works等,都属于形式上是复数的名词,实际意义为单数名词,它们作主语时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:The paper worksbuilt in 1990.I think physicseasy to study.wasisnt8、trousers,glasses,clothes,shoes,等词作主语时,谓语用复数,但如果这些名词前有a(the)pair of等量词修饰时,谓语动词用单数。如:My glassesbroken.The pair of shoes under the bedhis.9、定冠词the+形容词或分
14、词,表示某一类人时,动词用复数。areis(三)就近一致原则。1、当两个主语由either or,neither nor,whether or,not only but also连接时,谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。如:Either the teacher or the studentsour friends.Neither they nor hewholly right.areis2、there be句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语,则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。如:Theretwo chairs and a desk in the room.Therea d
15、esk and two chairs in the room.areisExercises:1One or two days _ enough to see the cityAis Bare Cam Dbe2Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mindAis Bare Cam Dbe3Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after anotherAis Bare Cam Dbe4Not the teacher，but the students _ looking forward to seeing the filmAis Bare Cam Dbe5Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterdayAwas Bwere Chas been Dhave been6A woman with some children _ soonAis coming Bare coming Chas come Dhave comeHomework
