1、Module 4 Sandstorms in AsiaIntroduction Reading and Vocabulary.速记单词1.音意记忆。（1）_ (adj.)大量的；大规模的（2）_ (n.)战役；活动（3）_ (n.)进程；过程（4）_ (n.)公民；市民（5）_ (n.)沙尘；灰尘（6）_ (n.)面罩masscampaignprocesscitizendustmask2.形意记忆。（1）storm(n.)暴风雨_(n.)沙尘暴（2）_(adj.)吓人的；可怕的_(adj.)害怕的；受惊吓的frighten(v.)使惊吓；吓唬（3）desert(n.)沙漠_(n.)(土地的)沙
2、漠化（4）_(vt.)预报；预告forecaster(n.)预报员（5）strong(adj.)强壮的_(n.)力气；力量_(v.)加强；巩固（6）_(vi.)骑自行车cyclist(n.)骑自行车的人sandstormfrighteningfrighteneddesertificationforecaststrengthstrengthencycle.短语互译1.cut down _2.dig up _3.be caught in _4.as a result of _5.认识到，意识到_6.阻止某人做某事_7.一个接一个地_8.清除；除掉_砍倒挖掘；找出突然遭遇(风暴等)由于wake up
3、 toprevent sb.(from)doing sth.one after anothersweep away完成句子1.沙尘暴常常很浓密，以致遮住了太阳，有时风力大得足以移动沙丘。They are often _you cannot see the sun,and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.（soadj./adv.that结果状语从句）2.近些年来沙漠化导致的沙尘暴在中国似乎有所增加。Sandstorms in China _in recent years as a result of “desertif
4、ication”（appear+动词不定式结构）so thick thatappear to have increased3.沙尘暴有时会持续一整天，并且由于浓浓的尘埃使能见度变低，使得交通变得非常缓慢。The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust _.（makeitadj./n.to do.）4.为了阻止它（沙漠）的逼近，政府已经开始植树。_,the government is planting trees.（不定式作状语）makes it difficul
5、t to seeTo prevent it coming nearer语篇理解1.Choose the best answer according to the passage.（1）When sandstorms happen,what will you wear if you go out?（）A.A hat.B.A coat.C.A mask.D.A tie.（2）How many kilometres is the desert away to the west of Beijing?()A.350.B.250.C.150.D.200.CB(3)Which statement is W
6、RONG?()A.People sometimes cant forecast the strength of a storm.B.The government plans to continue planting trees for thenext ten years.C.Northwest China is part of the sandstorm center in Central Asia.D.Sandstorms sometimes affect Beijing.(4)According to the text,we can learn that sandstorms _.()A.
7、cause people to buy more masksB.are difficult to deal withC.are not dangerous but frighteningD.will disappear within five yearsBB2.Fill in the blanks according to the passage.SandstormsWhat are they?They are(1)_winds that carry sand.How powerful are they?They are strong enough to move(2)_.Where do t
8、hey often occur?In Central Asia,(3)_,Central Africa and Australia.strong,drysand dunesNorth AmericaSandstorms in ChinaThe causeSandstorms begin in(4)_and appear to have increased in recent years as a result of“desertification”.It is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of(5)_ _ an
9、d because people cut down trees and dig up grass.Sandstorms in BeijingCitizens wake up to a(n)(6)_ sky and strong winds that cover the city in a thick,brown-yellow dust.The storms sometimes last all day and affect traffic.desert areasclimatechangesorangeSandstorms in ChinaTwo persons descriptionsRen
10、 Jianbo described a sandstorm in Inner Mongolia.Huang Xiaomei told people about a sandstorm in(7)_.The measures A(8)_has been started in China.The government has already planted over(9)_trees and plans to continue planting for the next(10)_ years.Beijingmass campaign30 billionfive【读而后思】What measures
11、 should we take to prevent desertification?_Planting more trees and grass;stopping overgrazing;cooperating with other countries,etc.1.frightening adj.吓人的；可怕的【语境领悟】I number that crash among the most frightening experiences of my life.我认为那次事故是我一生中最可怕的遭遇。I kept having frightening dreams all night.整个晚上我
12、不断地做噩梦。【归纳拓展】(1)frighten vt.(使)惊恐frighten sb.into doing sth.吓唬某人做某事frighten sb.out of doing sth.使某人不敢做某事(2)frightened adj.感到恐惧的；害怕的be frightened at/of 害怕；对感到恐惧be frightened to do sth.害怕去做某事He frightened his son out of drinking.他使儿子吓得不敢喝酒。She was frightened to see a figure in the dark.她在黑暗中看到人影，心里害怕。
13、【名师点津】frightening意为“令人恐惧的；可怕的”，一般用于指事物，在句中作定语或表语；frightened意为“受惊的，害怕的”，一般用于指人，在句中作定语或表语。The news is quite frightening.这消息令人恐惧。She was frightened at the thought of the examination.想到考试她就害怕。【即学活用】用frighten的适当形式填空。He was_ at the sound.What can we do to make the experience less _?He knew that Soli was t
14、rying to_ him,so he smiled to hide his fear.frightenedfrightening frighten2.mass adj.大量的；大规模的【语境领悟】Their latest product is aimed at the mass market.他们的最新产品瞄准了大众市场。The police considered it as a mass murder.警方认为这是一次大规模的谋杀。【归纳拓展】masses of/a mass of 大量；许多the mass of 大多数；大部分the masses 群众；平民There is a mas
15、s of stones in the yard.院子里有许多石头。The Second World War involved the mass of the population.第二次世界大战殃及许多无辜的人。The masses have boundless creativity.群众有无限的创造力。【名师点津】a mass of/masses of后可跟可数名词复数或不可数名词，且谓语动词与该名词的数保持一致。On his desk is a mass of books and papers.在他书桌上有大堆的书和文件。【想一想】我们还学过一些表示“许多”的短语，根据其后所修饰的名词可分
16、为以下三种情况：既能修饰可数名词也能修饰不可数名词修饰可数名词修饰不可数名词。你能给它们分类吗？【参考答案】plenty of quantities of=a quantity of masses of=a mass of lots ofa lot of numbers of=a number of a good/great many quite a few a great deal of an amount of quite a little+可数或不可数名词+可数名词复数+不可数名词【即学活用】I got _ things to deal with in the morning，so I
17、wasnt able to go to the flower exhibition.Aa great deal of Ba large amount ofCmasses of Da great many of【解析】选C。masses of things成堆的事，大量的事。a great deal of/a large amount of后接不可数名词；a great many of后接“限定词复数名词”，如a great many of the students；修饰可数名词复数时用a great many。故答案为C项。3.strength n.力量;力气；长处【语境领悟】She has
18、always been encouraged to swim to build up the strength of her muscles.她总是被鼓励去游泳以增强肌肉力量。Take into account your own strengths and weaknesses.考虑一下你自己的长处和短处。【名师点津】（1）strength表示“优势”时，其反义词是weakness。（2）strength的动词是在其后加后缀-en，即strengthen。我们 已 学 过 的 加 后 缀-en的 词 有 shorten,widen,deepen,lengthen等。【归纳拓展】(1)have
19、the strength to do 有做的力气/意志力build up ones strength 增强体力with all ones strength 尽全力(2)strengthen v.加强strong adj.强壮的The enemy has greatly strengthened during the truce talks.和谈期间，敌人力量已大为增强。【易混辨析】strength强调“体力，力量，力气”force指武力，暴力。表示“力量”时，指人或事物撞击时所用的力，其复数形式常指“兵力，军队”power 指“能力，权力”，着重指行动所根据的能力（本领）或职权energy主要
20、指人的精力、活力，也指自然界的能量The police took the thief to the police station by force.警察强行把小偷带到了警察局。Electricity gives us power and makes machines work.电给我们提供能量，促使机器运转。He has so much energy that he can work as hard as three men.他的精力很充沛，以至于工作起来相当于三个人。【即学活用】选词填空(strength/force/power/energy)。The solar cell can turn
21、 the _ of sunlight into electric energy.If you drop something，the _ of gravity will pull it to the floor.I dont have the_ to climb any further.He has lost the_ of walking.energyforce strength power（2012福建高考）Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?Well,you know,English is my _.So
22、it is my best choice.A.strength B.talent C.ability D.skill【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意:你为什么选择在国际旅行社工作？噢,你知道,英语是我的强项。因此这是我最好的选择。strength长处;talent才华,天赋;ability能力;skill技能。故选A。4.cut down砍倒；缩减；降价【语境领悟】Many big trees along the road have been cut down for building houses路旁的许多大树都被砍掉建房了。This factorys production has be
23、en cut down这家工厂的产量减少了。In the end，I cut the dealer down by another5.最后我使商贩把价格又降低了5美元。【归纳拓展】cut in 插嘴，打断cut off 切断，阻断，隔绝cut out 剪除，切掉，删除cut up 切碎She always cuts in when other people are talking别人谈话时她总要插嘴。The motor was cut off as soon as something seemed to be wrong with it一旦发现发动机似乎有点毛病，就立即把它关掉。She cut
24、 out the photograph from the newspaper她从报纸上把照片剪了下来。The cook was cutting up the meat for making jiaozi厨师正在切肉包饺子。【即学活用】根据句意用合适的副词或介词填空。他把树砍倒，又把它劈成烧火用的木柴。He cut _ the tree and cut it _ for firewood.村庄被大雪阻隔。The village was cut _ by the heavy snow.我们正在看电视，播音员打断了节目，插播了一条最新消息。While we were watching TV，an a
25、nnouncer cut_ to tell us a piece of latest news.医生建议他少喝酒。The doctor advised him to cut _ on drinking.downupoffindown（2013陕 西 高 考）My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking,but at least he has_.A.cut out B.cut down C.cut up D.cut off【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我叔叔一直没能把烟戒掉，但是至少他抽烟少了。cut out停止运转，删去；cut down砍倒，缩减；
26、cut up切碎；cut off切断，切除。根据句意，应选B。5.be caught in 突然遭遇(风暴等)；被困于【语境领悟】He was caught in a heavy traffic after work.下班后他遇到了严重的交通堵塞。I was caught in a heavy rain on the way to work.在去上班的路上，我遇到了大雨。【归纳拓展】be/get caught up in 热衷于，着迷于；牵连，卷入catch sb.doing sth.发现/撞见某人正做某事be caught doing sth.被撞见做某事I caught the boy s
27、tealing fruit from our orchard.我撞见那个男孩在偷我们果园里的水果。【即学活用】_in a heavy snow，he didnt get there in time.ACatch BCatching CCaught DTo catch【解析】选C。句意：由于遭遇大雪，他没有及时到达那里。主语he和catch之间是动宾关系，故此处用过去分词短语作状语。6.prevent sb./sth.(from)doing sth.阻止做某事【语境领悟】He said this would prevent companies from creating new jobs.他说这
28、将阻止各公司创造新的职位。Something must have prevented her(from)coming.一定有什么事使她不能来。【归纳拓展】stop sb.(from)doing sth.keep sb.from doing sth.They try to keep their children from swimming.他们试图阻止孩子们去游泳。阻止某人做某事【名师点津】主动句中prevent/stop.from.中的 from 可省略，在被动句中from 不可省略，而keep.from中的from无论在主动句还是被动句中都不能省略。The heavy rain preven
29、ted/stopped us(from)going out.We were prevented/stopped/kept from going out by the heavy rain.大雨使我们不能出去。【即学活用】We were _ by heavy fog from seeing anything.Arescued Bprotected Cprevented Descaped【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意：浓雾使我们看不到任何东西。四个选项都可与from连用。rescue.from.意为“把从解救出来”；protect.from.意为“保护免受”；prevent.from.意为“阻止
30、做某事”；escape from意为“逃离；逃脱”，不用于被动语态。根据句意选C。7.Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”近些年来沙漠化导致的沙尘暴在中国似乎有所增加。【句式分析】本句中appear to have done为不定式的完成式，表示一个更早的动作，发生在主要动词所表示的动作之前。其中appear意为“似乎，好像”。From her look,she appears to have known the truth.从她的表情看，她好像
31、已经知道了真相。【归纳拓展】appear用作系动词，意为“似乎，显得，好像”，常见用法：appear n./adj.appear to do/to be doing/to have done 似乎要做/正在做/已经做过某事it appears(to sb.)that.某人觉得there appears to be 似乎有These stars appear to move around the North Star.这些星星似乎环绕着北极星转。It appears to me that you are all mistaken.我觉得你们全错了。【即学活用】完成句子。他显得很老。He appe
32、ars _.他似乎感冒了。He appears to _.我觉得有点不对。_something is wrong.very oldhave caught a coldIt appears to me that8.The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.沙尘暴有时会持续一整天，并且由于浓浓的尘埃使能见度变低，使得交通变得非常缓慢。【句式分析】句中makes it difficult to see中的mak
33、e是使役动词，意为“使（某人或某物处于某状态中）”，其中it为形式宾语，difficult为宾语补足语，不定式短语to see为真正的宾语，其结构为：make it adj./n(for sb.)to do.。The heavy snow made it impossible for them to get there on time.这场大雪使得他们不可能按时到达那儿。He makes it a rule to recite a poem every morning.他把每天早晨背诵一首诗作为一个习惯。【归纳拓展】it作形式宾语的情况还用在下面句式中：feel/think/believe/f
34、ind/consider itadj./n.(for sb.)to do/that.I dont think it possible to master a foreign language without a good memory.我认为没有好的记忆力，掌握一门外语是不可能的。【即学活用】The fact that she was foreign made _difficult for her to get a job in that country.Aso Bmuch Cthat Dit【解析】选D。考查it的用法。句意：她是外国人的事实使得她在那个国家很难找到工作。句中for her
35、to get a job in that country是动词不定式的复合结构作made的宾语，difficult是宾语补足语，此处要用it作形式宾语，其他选项中的词没有这种用法。1.They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun，and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.它们常常很浓密，以致遮住了太阳，有时风力大得足以移动沙丘。【句式分析】（1）本句中的so.that.意为“如此以致”。so是副词，修饰形容词或副词；that引导结果状语从句。He got up
36、so early that he was the first to get to school.他起床很早，结果第一个到达学校。There were so many people there that I wasnt able to pick her out.那儿有很多人，我没能认出她来。【归纳拓展】a.soadj./adv.that 从句soadj.a/an可数名词单数that从句somany/few/much/little可数名词复数或不可数名词that从句b.sucha/anadj.可数名词单数that从句suchadj.不可数名词that从句suchadj.可数名词复数that 从句【
37、名师点津】（1）so和such放到句首时，主句要部分倒装。（2）当little 表示“小”而不表示“少”时，必须用such，如such a little boy/such little boys；而当little 表示“少”而不表示“小”时，用so,如so little water。So excited was he that he could not speak.他如此兴奋，以致说不出话来。(2)句中的strong enough to move sand dunes 属于“adj./adv.enoughto do”结构。此处enough作副词；enough作形容词修饰名词时，放在名词前后均可
38、，构成“enoughn.to do”或“n.enoughto do”。He didnt run fast enough to catch the train.他跑得不够快，没赶上火车。This plastic bag is not big enough to hold so many things.这个塑料袋不够大，装不下这么多东西。We have enough time/Time enough to read the reference books.我们有足够的时间来阅读这些参考书。【即学活用】句式仿写。雨下得太大，我们不能回家。_这个女孩如此可爱，以致大家都喜欢她。_It rained s
39、o heavily that we couldnt go back home.The girl is so lovely that everyone likes her._to go to school must have their rights to get education in our country.AOld enough children BChildren old enoughCEnough old children DChildren enough old【解析】选B。句意：在我国，到了上学年龄的孩子必须有权利接受教育。old enough在这里作定语修饰children，故
40、答案为B项。2.It was the most frightening and the most dangeroussituation Ive ever been in.那是我所遇到的最可怕、最危险的情况。【句式分析】(1)本句是一个复合句，其中Ive ever been in是限制性定语从句，修饰situation。此定语从句中省略了关系代词that。(2)当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，常用关系代词that。This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.这是我读过的最有趣的书。【即学活用】The film makes
41、me think of the happiest days_ we spent together.A.when B.where C.that D.which【解析】选C。考查定语从句。定语从句中spent缺少宾语，故用关系代词。when，where为关系副词，可排除；先行词被形容词最高级修饰，所以定语从句用that引导。.根据所给汉语意思或首字母拼写单词1.Before the rain,there was a m_ of clouds.2.He threw it forward with all his s_.3.She married an American man and became
42、a U.S.c_.4.I read a f_ story which took place in a haunted(闹鬼的)house.5.Hurricane has been f_ for tomorrow afternoon.asstrengthitizenrighteningorecast6.I am unable to c_ to school because my bicycle is broken.7.During his election _(活动)he promised to put the economy back on its feet.8.Producing a dic
43、tionary is a slow _(过程).9.A _(沙尘暴)kicked up while we drove through the desert.10.A third of Africa is under threat of _(沙漠化).yclecampaignprocesssandstormdesertification.完成句子1.你抽烟太凶了，该少抽点。You smoke too muchyou should try to _.2.上个月这里挖出了一座古希腊雕像。An old Greek statue was _here last month3.我们遇上了暴风雨，全身都被浇透
44、了。We _the storm and got drenched.4.久病使她的心脏略微受到损伤。Her heart was slightly damaged _her long illness.cut downdug upwere caught inas a result of5.他还没意识到情况的严重性。He hasnt yet _the seriousness of the situation.6.进一步治疗将预防癌症恶化。Further treatment will _ cancer _ developing.7.电灯一个接一个灭了。The lights went out _.8.让我
45、们把这些碎玻璃扫走。Lets _the broken glass.woken up topreventfromone after anothersweep away.单项填空1.（2013天津高一检测）Dont blame yourself too much.Everyone has his _ and weaknesses.A.powers B.forces C.energies D.strengths【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。句意：不要太自责。每个人都有长处和短处。power力量，权力；force武力；energy能量，精力；strength 在此处意为“优势，长处”。故选D。【变式训练
46、】（2013南昌高一检测）The children are full of _.They have been playing all day long without resting.A.force B.power C.energy D.strength【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们充满活力。他们已经玩了一整天而没有休息了。force力，力量，武力、暴力；power能力，影响力，权力；energy能量；strength力量，力气。2.The house cost _ we didnt buy it.A.such many money that B.such much money
47、thatC.so many money that D.so much money that【解析】选D。考查so/such.that.的用法。句意：这所房子价钱太高，我们没买。与many,much连用时只能用so，又因money为不可数名词，应用so much。3.The little girl was_ by the mans_ voice.Afrightened;frightening Bfrightening;frightenedCfrightened;frightened Dfrightening;frightening【解析】选A。考查形容词。句意：这个小女孩对那个男人的可怕的声音感
48、到害怕。frightened表示“(人)感到害怕的”；frightening表示“令人害怕的”。故选A。4.（2013锦州高一检测）He has_ letters to answer.He has to work from morning to night.Amuch Bmasses ofCthe number of Da great deal of【解析】选B。句意：他有很多封信要回复，不得不从早忙到晚。letter是可数名词，masses of 既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词。A、D两项只修饰不可数名词；C项为“的数量”。【变式训练】The flowers made a _ of co
49、lour against the stone wall.Amass Bmany Cnumber Dplenty【解析】选A。句意：以石墙衬托着的花朵五彩缤纷。a mass of意为“大量的”，可以修饰不可数名词或可数名词，符合句意。many和a number of修饰的是可数名词复数；plenty of既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，但不与a搭配。5.The firm is now in the _ of moving the main equipment to a new place.Aprocess Baction Cdevelopment Ddirection【解析】选A。考查名词
50、。句意：公司目前正在把主要设备迁到新地址去。in(the)process of意为“在进行中”，process过程，符合句意。action行动；development发展；direction方向。6.“Rain is _ or all parts of southern England tomorrow.“a forecaster on TV said.Apredicted BforecastCinformed Dtold【解析】选B。考查动词。句意：电视天气预报员说明天整个英格兰南部都有雨。forecast指有专业知识的专业人员对于公众的预报，符合句意。predict意为“预言，预测”，尤指
51、个人的预言和推测；inform告知，通知；tell告诉。7.We took our umbrellas with us when we went out in order to _ us from a heavy rain.Aban Bpreserve Cprevent Dprotect【解析】选D。考查动词。句意：为了保护我们免受大雨淋湿，我们出门时随身携带雨伞。protect sb.from doing保护某人免遭；ban禁止；preserve保护，维护；prevent防止，阻止。【变式训练】Measures must be taken to prevent pollution _ hap
52、pily.A.from we live B.for us to live C.us living D.from our living【解析】选B。句意：为了幸福地生活，我们必须采取措施制止污染。此题不要受prevent.from doing.的思维定势的影响，此处为带逻辑主语的不定式作目的状语。8.On the way home,he _ a storm.Acaught Bwas caught byCcaught hold off Dwas caught in【解析】选D。句意：在回家的路上，他遭到了暴风雨的袭击。be caught in遭受。9.His sudden look of fear
53、 made _ clear that he had something to do with the matter.Ahim Bthis Cit Dthat【解析】选C。考查it作形式宾语的用法。句意：他脸上突然变化的表情表明他与这件事情有关。made的宾语应为that引导的宾语从句，所以用it作形式宾语。10.If you dont _ your smoking,I will _ your supply.Acut up;cut down Bcut down;cut offCcut in;cut off Dcut in;cut up【解析】选B。考查动词短语。句意：如果你再不减少吸烟的量，我将
54、断绝对你的供应。cut down减少；cut off断绝，切断。11.The aircraft appears _ near London.A.crashing B.to be crashed C.crash D.to have crashed【解析】选D。考查不定式。句意：飞机似乎在伦敦附近坠毁了。crash坠毁，不及物动词。appear to have done sth.似乎做了某事，符合句意，故选D。12.（2013北京高一检测）Moving to another city can _ both your salary level and your cost of living,so y
55、oud better think it over before you make a final decision.A.connect B.relate C.effect D.affect【解析】选D。考查动词。句意：搬到另一个城市会影响到你的薪水和生活成本，因此在做出最终决定之前你最好认真思考。connect连接，联合；relate使有联系；effect使发生，实现，引起；affect影响。根据句意可知选D。13.May I have a talk with one of your sports reporters?Sorry,but all of them are out to _ the
56、 main events of the dayA.get B.find C.cover D.search【解析】选C。考查动词。句意：我可以和你们的体育记者中的一位谈谈吗？抱歉，他们都出去报道今天的重要事件去了。cover意为“报道”，符合句意。14._ the heavy snow，two-thirds of the buildings in the area need repairing.A.In a word B.As a result ofC.By the way D.As a result【解析】选B。考查词组。句意：由于大雪的缘故，这个地区三分之二的大楼需要修理。in a word总之；as a result of由于，因为；by the way顺便说一下；as a result结果。15.He advised his daughter _ there in a hurry.A.to not go B.not to goC.not go D.not going【解析】选B。考查advise的用法。句意：他劝女儿不要急着到那儿去。advise sb.not to do sth.劝告某人不要做某事，故选B。
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