1、成才之路 英语路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索外研版 必修3 Developing and Developed CountriesModule 21.1.1 集合的概念第二课时 Grammar IEveryday English and Function1.1.1 集合的概念Module 2课内合作探究2课后强化作业5新课标语法3基 础 巩 固4课前自主预习1课前自主预习.however与but用however和but完成下列句子，并体会其在句中的用法。I was going to write you a letter，_I lost your address._，I can discuss t
2、his all when I see you.He said that it was so；he was mistaken，_.He hasnt arrived.He may，_，come later.but However however however.although与while用although和while填空，并体会其在句中的用法。Norway is at the top of the list，_the US is at number 7._developed countries give some financial help，they need to give much mor
3、e._it was so cold，he went out without an overcoat.whileAlthough/WhileWhile/Although课内合作探究1.charity1)n.C，U慈善机构We all support a charity to help the tsunamihit countries.我们都捐钱给一个慈善机构来帮助遭海啸袭击的国家。2)n.U 慈悲；仁爱；慈善I think that is what we should do out of charity.我认为那是我们出于仁爱所应该做的。知识拓展charitable adj.仁慈的；(为)慈善事
4、业的；宽厚的uncharitable adj.严厉的；无情的；不宽厚的即学即用完成句子Many_sent money to help the victims of famine.许多慈善机构捐款赈济饥民。答案：charities2crowded adj.拥挤的；挤满人的The place is crowded.这地方很挤。The buses are so crowded during the rush hour.高峰时间公交车非常拥挤。The robbery occurred in a crowded street.在拥挤的大街上发生了抢劫。搭配be crowded with 挤满了The r
5、oom was crowded with guests.房间里挤满了客人。The bus was crowded with passengers.公共汽车里挤满了乘客。知识拓展crowd n.C人群 v.聚集，拥挤A crowd of people were waiting in front of the gate.一大群人在门前等着。The children crowded the cinema waiting for their favouritefilm.孩子们挤满了电影院等着看他们最喜爱的电影。词语辨析a crowd，the crowdThere is/are a crowd of p
6、eople over there.那边聚集着很多人。The crowd was/were dispersed.人群被驱散了。a crowd“许多人”，作主语时谓语动词可以是单数(指集合体)，也可以是复数(指成员)。the crowd“民众，大众”，意同the public；作主语时谓语动词可以用单数，也可以用复数。即学即用语法填空On weekends，that road is often so_(crowd)that cars can not pass through easily.答案：crowdedcrowded“拥挤的”，符合句意。句意为：每逢周末，那条道路经常十分拥挤，汽车难以顺利通
7、行。3inhabitant n.C居民，住户，常住居民；栖息的动物The local inhabitants protested at the plans for an airport.当地居民强烈反对兴建机场的计划。This kind of birds is the new inhabitants on this island.这种鸟是该岛新的栖息动物。知识拓展inhabit vt.居住于；存在于；占据；栖息inhabitable adj.适于居住的；可居住的inhabitability n.可居住的状况inhabitation n.居住；有人居住的状态即学即用汉译英这是一个有11,000居
8、民的城镇。_答案：This is a town of 11000 inhabitants.4industrial adj.工业的England is an old industrial country.英国是一个古老的工业国家。Industrial development is concentrated in the northeast.工业发展集中在东北部。词语辨析industrial，industrious知识拓展工业、农业、商业：释义词性工业农业商业名词industryagriculturecommerce形容词industrialagricutural commercial5.tran
9、sport1)n.U运输The transport of goods by air is very expensive.空运货物十分昂贵。2)n.U交通(系统)；运输(系统)Our public transport system is among the best in our country.我们的公共交通系统在我们国家是一流的。3)n.U交通工具；运输途径Id like to go to the concert，but I have no transport.我想去听音乐会，但我没有交通工具。4)v.运输；运送Trains transport the coal to the port.火车
10、把煤运到港口。词语辨析transport与traffictransport作“交通”讲，实指运输工具，而traffic之“交通”指街上的行人车马，着重数量的多少。故“交通拥挤；交通中断”中的交通都用traffic一词。(误)Transport is interrupted in many places.(正)Traffic is interrupted in many places.(译)很多地方交通中断了。知识拓展transporter n.输送人；运输机transportation n.运输；运送即学即用语法填空Why do you look upset，Mr Jones?I need t
11、o get to London，but I have no means of_.答案：transport句意：“琼斯先生，你为什么看起来有些 沮 丧？”“我 要 去 伦 敦，但 现 在 没 有 交 通 工 具 了。”transport“交通”，means of transport指“交通工具”，符合题意。6smart adj.漂亮的；整洁的；时髦的；聪明的They moved into smart new offices.他们搬进了整洁漂亮的新办公室。My sister always looks smart.我妹妹看上去总是很时髦。I never met such a smart person
12、 as him.我以前从未遇到过像他这么聪明的人。知识拓展smartly adv.潇洒地；漂亮地词语辨析 smart，cleverHe is a smart businessman.他是个精明的商人。Its a clever ideano doubt about it!这绝对是个聪明的主意毫无疑问！smart侧重指“领悟力强的”，且含“精明的；不会被人蒙骗”之义。clever多指“聪明伶俐的”，侧重指“才思敏捷的”，也可用于指主意、办法之妙。即学即用语法填空She is a(n)_girl.I agree with you.She remembers everything exactly as
13、 if it happened yesterday.答案：smart句意：“她是个聪明的孩子。”“我同意你的说法。她清楚地记得每件事情，仿佛这些事情发生在昨天。”smart“聪明的”，符合题意。7vast adj.巨大的；广大的；巨额的；广阔的The vast plains stretch for hundreds of miles.辽阔的平原绵延数百英里。The doctor was brought from Beijing at vast expense.这位医生是花高薪从北京请来的。词语辨析vast，hugeHospitals keep vast supplies of drugs.医院
14、储备了大量的药品。In the huge library，books upon books，lie against the walls.在那间大图书馆里，挨墙摆着大量的书。vast强调(二维)空间的广度，指范围的广和数量的大，侧重于面积的极为开阔，不强调重量或尺寸大小。huge强调体型、尺寸大小，不强调重量。即学即用填空vasthugeThere is a_balloon here.I saw the_lawns surrounding the white house.答案：hugevast8similarity n.U类似；相似The similarity between the two p
15、apers suggests that one of them was copied.那两份论文极其相似，这表明它们中有一份是抄袭的。知识拓展1)similar adj.相似的，类似的在肯定句中，similar前不能用exactly修饰，但在否定结构中可以。另外，similar无比较级和最高级。Jenny and her sister look very similar.珍妮跟她姐姐长得很像。They talked about it in a similar way.他们对此事有类似的说法。“All eggs look similar，but no two eggs are quite the
16、 same，”Leonardo da Vincis teacher once said to him.达芬奇的老师曾经告诉他说：“所有鸡蛋看上去相似，但没有两只鸡蛋是完全相同的。”2)固定搭配：be similar to类似于；与相似My opinions are similar to his.我的意见跟他的相似。即学即用语法填空What I like about the English name Lily is its_(similar)to my Chinese name“Li Li”答案：similaritysimilarity“相似”。句意为：我喜欢莉莉这个英文名字，是觉得它跟我的汉语
17、名字“李丽”相似。9climate n.U，C气候；C，常sing.(社会)风气He quickly adapted to the climate in the high mountains.他很快就适应了高山气候。In the current climate，he，as a popular film star，does everything carefully.在当前这种社会风气下，作为一名受欢迎的影星，他做事非常谨慎。词语辨析 climate和weatherclimate“气候”，波及范围大，持续时间较长，是一个地区气候的总情况，可用不定冠词修饰。weather“天气”，涉及范围较小，持续
18、时间较短，不可用不定冠词修饰。Beijing has a warm climate，but its weather last week was stormy.北京的气候温暖，但上一星期却是暴雨天气。Climate is summary of weather conditions over a period of years.气候是数年中气象条件的综合概况。即学即用语法填空The_of our country is mild，but individual places experience bad_.答案：climate；weatherclimate“气候”，指某地的平均气候或经常性的气候；we
19、ather“天气”，指某时、某地的特定的、具体的天气情况。1.collect money for：raise money for 为捐款集资Were trying to collect money for the victims of the earthquake.我们正在设法为地震受灾者筹集资金。知识拓展earn/make money 挣钱；赚钱save money 攒钱charge money 收费put money into 投资于pay good money for.为花大钱即学即用完成句子The nineyearold girl_(已经为灾民募集了500多美元了)答案：has col
20、lected over 500 dollars for the victims2make宾语宾补This didnt make them move or retreat.这没有使他们动摇或退缩。Praise makes good men better and bad men worse.赞扬使好人更好，坏人更糟。When you speak English，be sure to make yourself understood.说英语时一定要让人懂得你的意思。They have decided to make Shanxi Province a large coal base.他们决定把陕西建
21、成一大型煤炭基地。知识拓展make宾语domake宾语donemake宾语adj.make宾语n.注意：在“主语make宾语do”结构中，要变为被动语态，省略的不定式符号“to”要写出。They thought in this way they could make us take their orders.They thought in this way we could be made to take their orders.他们认为这样就可以使我们听他们发号施令了。即学即用语法填空(1)No matter where he is，he makes_a rule to go for a
22、walk before breakfast.答案：it本题考查代词的用法。句意：不管他在哪里，早饭前出去散步是他的一惯做法。make it a rule惯于，作为常例；定为常规，it 是形式宾语，真实宾语是后面的不定式to go for a walk。(2)The fact that she was foreign made_difficult for her to get a job in that country.答案：it句意：她是外国人的事实使得她在那个国家很难找到工作。考查it的用法。句中for her to get a job in that country是动词不定式的复合结构作
23、made的宾语，difficult是宾语补足语，此处要用it作形式宾语。新课标语法图解语法助记()表解语法助记()连词用法例句butbut常用在句中，其后不用逗号与其他成分隔开They rushed to the hospital but they were too late.他们急忙赶到医院，但是已经太迟了。My car needs some more petrol but I cannot find a petrol station.我的汽车需要加油，但是我找不到加油站。however用在句首或句中均可，其后常用逗号与其他成分隔开It is an extremely unpleasant
24、disease which is，however，easy to treat.它是一种让人很难受却容易治疗的病。He worked very hard.However，he failed.他工作很努力，然而失败了。连词用法例句Although意为“尽管；虽然”，可以与still，yet连用，但不能与but连用You can copy down my answers，although Im not sure theyre right.你可以抄下我的答案，但是我不确定是否正确。I recognized his voice on the phone although I hadnt seen him
25、 for over ten years.尽管十多年没见他了，我还是在电话里听出了他的声音。连词用法例句while表示让步，意为“虽然；尽管”While never a big eater，he did snack a lot.尽管他饭量从来不大，但零食确实是吃得很多。用于强调两种情况、活动等之间的差别，意为“却；但是”Schools in the north tend to be better equipped，while those in the south are relatively poor.北方的学校设施往往要好一些，而南方的学校则相对差一些。图解语法助记()表解语法助记()类别结构
26、意义例句原级比较肯定as原级as和一样Marys spoken English is as good as mine.玛丽的口语和我的一样好。否定not as/so原级as和不一样My painting is not as/so beautiful as yours.我的画不如你的漂亮。类别结构意义例句比较级比较级than比更The new computer runs much faster than that old one.这台新电脑运行得比那台旧电脑快得多。the比较级.，the比较级.越，就越The harder you try，the greater your progress is
27、.你越是努力，进步就越大。比较级and比较级越来越I become more and more interested in American literature.我对美国文学越来越感兴趣了。类别结构意义例句最高级the最高级比较范围(之中)最的Mary jumps the highest of the three.玛丽在三个中跳得最高。比较级用在否定句中表示最高级没有比这更的I have never read a better book than this.我从未读过比这更好的书了。I have never seen a prettier sight.这是我见过的最美的景色。注意：比较级前可
28、加much，many，even，still，yet，far，a lot，a great deal，a little，a bit，rather以及倍数等修饰，表示差异的程度。Im feeling far better today.我今天感觉好了很多。He knew a great deal more than I did.他知道的比我多得多。Youre speaking too fast.Can you speak a bit more slowly?你说得太快了。能不能说的稍微慢一点？即学即用语法填空(1)Many people have donated that type of blood；
29、however，the blood bank needs_.答案：more本题考查形容词比较级。句意：许多人已经捐献那种血液，但是血库需要更多那种血液。因为两者进行比较，根据句意可知用more。(2)It is hard for the Creek government to get over the present difficulties_it gets more financial support from the European Union.答案：unless本题考查连词的用法。句意：对希腊政府来说，如果从欧盟得不到更多的财政支援，很难克服目前的困难。unless引导条件状语从句，符
30、合题意。(3)_I always felt I would pass the exam，I never thought I would get an A.答案：While/Although考查状语从句。句意：虽然我一直认为我能通过考试，但我从没想过我会得A。while/although虽然，符合题意。(4)Ones life has value _long as one brings value to the life of others.答案：as考查状语从句。as long as 只要；句意：一个人只要能给别人的生活带来价值，他的生活就是有价值的。(5)I thought youve al
31、ready done it，_the manager said you not.答案：but句意：我料想你已经完成了，但是经理说你没有完成。but“但是”，表示转折，符合题意。(6)It was raining hard；_，the peasants went on with their work.答案：however句意：雨下得很大，然而农民们仍然继续工作着。however“然而；尽管”，可位于句首或句中，其后常用逗号与其他成分隔开。(7)_my uncle is old，he looks very strong and healthy.答案：Although/while句意：虽然我的叔叔上
32、了年纪，但他看上去很健壮。although/while“虽然；尽管”，符合题意。(8)My mother does every single bit of housework_myfather just does the dishes now and then.答案：while句意：我妈妈做所有的家务，而我爸爸只是偶尔洗洗碗。while“但是”，表对比，符合题意。(9)As we all know，_attention you pay to your spelling，_mistakes you will make.答案：the less；the more句意：众所周知，你越不注意自己的拼写，
33、犯的错误就越多。“the比较级.，the比较 级 .”表 示“越，就 越”，是 固 定 句 式；attention是不可数名词，mistake是可数名词。(10)How did you find your visit to London?It was far_interesting than I had expected.答案：more句意：“你觉得去伦敦的旅游怎么样？”“比我预期的有趣多了。”由than可判断此处用比较级，故用more，far修饰比较级，表示程度。(11)He is_energetic as a young man.答案：as句意：他和年轻人一样有活力。原级比较用as.as结
34、构，意为“和一样”。(12)Did you enjoy yourself at the dinner party?Yes，Ive never been to a_exciting one before.答案：more句意：“在宴会上你玩得开心吗？”“是的，我从没参加过比这更激动人心的宴会。”exciting“令人激动的”，常修饰物；excited“激动的”，常修饰人；此处指的是party，应用exciting；否定词never与比较级连用表示最高级含义。基 础 巩 固.单词拼写1With the development of_(旅游业)，thousands of foreigners want
35、 to pay a visit to China.2 The strong earthquake made thousands of people_(无家可归的)3Are there any_(类似)between the two coastal cities?4 The street was_(拥 挤 的)with people and the traffic was slow.5The river is heavily_(受污染的)，which gives off a terrible smell.6The local_(居民)are fond of the famous writer.7
36、Can you find the_(位置)of Lanzhou on the map?8Public_(娱乐)is provided by the government for free.9The bike is a popular means of_(交通工具)10A new_(高速公路)is being built here.答案：1.tourism2.homeless3.similarities4.crowded5.polluted6.inhabitants7.location8.entertainment9.transport10.freeway.用所给词的适当形式填空1 The bo
37、ok bears several_(similar)to last years bestseller.2The country depends on_(tour)for much of its income.3 England became an_(industry)country in the nineteenth century.4Im sorry to hear such_(fortunate)news.5The hotel is in a lovely_(locate)overlooking the lake.6In seriously_(pollute)cities，a clear
38、sky is seldom seen.答案：1.similarities2.tourism3.industrial4.unfortunate5.location6.polluted.语法填空1Even before quite a few people，she cant_thecourage to speak aloud.答案：gather句意：即使站在很少的人面前，她也鼓不起勇气大声说话。gather指“把分散的人或物集中，也可用于勇气、力量的聚集”，符合句意。2If there were no war in the world，we would have a much_(happy)lif
39、e.答案：happier句意：如果世界上没有战争，我们会生活得更加幸福。句意暗含对现实和假设情况的比较，所以要用比较级形式。比较级前用much修饰表示“更”。3 The government gave the_(无 家 可 归 的)children both food and clothing.答案：homeless句意：政府向这些无家可归的儿童提供食物和衣物。homeless“无家可归的”，符合题意。4At a_(轻快的)pace，he marched to the camp.答案：smart句意：他迈着轻快的步子向营地走去。smart adj.“轻快的”。5My train was 20
40、minutes late in the morning and there was a(n)_delay in the evening.答案：similarsimilar“相似的，类似的”，符合题意。句意为：我乘坐的火车今天早上晚了20分钟，傍晚出现了类似的情况。6I dont know whether the cars_(transport)to the farreaching countries have arrived safely.答案：being transportedwhether引导的宾语从句中，the cars是主语，have arrived是谓语，据此可知选项部分应是定语成分
41、；cars是transport动作的承受者，根据题意可知“车正在运送中”，故此处应用现在分词的被动语态。7The children were_(fascinate)by all the toys in the shop，because they were all_(fasciate)答案：fascinated；fascinatingfascinating“迷人的，醉人的”；fascinated“(人)着迷的”。句意：孩子们被商店里的所有玩具迷住了，因为这些玩具都很吸引人。8The current political_of that country is favourablefor foreig
42、n investments.答案：climate此处climate指“风气，思潮，倾向”。句意：该国目前的政治气候有利于外国的投资。9Work more efficiently_you will have more time for rest and relaxation.答案：and句意：提高工作效率，你会有更多时间休息和放松。and为并列连词，前面的祈使句可视为条件状语从句。10 That pretty little island is small_crowded，_it is worth spending a few hours walking around.答案：and；though第一空表并列关系，并无转折含义；第二空表转折含义，应用转折连词though。课后强化作业（点此链接）
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