英语必修1外研版MODULE3精品PPT：GRAMMAR.ppt

1、Module 3 My First Ride on a TrainGrammar1.Master the usage of the-ed form.2.Learn the Past tense time expressions.Read and find the rules1.camels carried food and other supplies.2.We saw farms which were built more than a hundred years ago.Discuss:Trainedabandoned3.There is a cup.4.We ate great meal

2、s by experts.5.We all like photographs by our teachers.6.The people by us are all famous experts.过去分词作定语brokencookedtakeninvited1.过去分词作定语时的位置单个的过去分词作定语时，一般将其放在被修饰词之前，有时单个的过去分词也可以作后置定语，用以强调动作。例如：They needed much more qualified teachers.We decided to change the material used.过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词的后面，作后置定语，

3、其作用相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。知识归纳Grammar例如：We ate great meals cooked by experts.=We ate great meals which were cooked by experts.Exercises:The boy injured in the accident was taken to the hospital._Some of the people invited to the party cant come._The boy who was injured in the accident was taken tothe hospit

4、al.Some of the people who were invited to the party cant come.Most of the goods made in the factory are exported._2及物动词的过去分词作定语表示完成和被动。例如：The book written by this young man was a great success.Have you finished the exercises given by professor Li?Most of the goods which are made in the factory are e

5、xported.注意：由于不及物动词后不可以直接跟宾语，所以不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示动作的完成，而没有被动的意义。例如：落叶_升起的太阳_ 一位退休的老师 _3.有些过去分词失去了被动意义，而作形容词，表示“感到的”，现在分词表示“令人的”。risen sunfallen leaves a retired teacher迷惑的表情_失望的孩子们_累了的人们_满意的表情_一本有趣的书_一部激动人心的电影 _4现在分词作定语和过去分词作定语的区别现在分词作定语时，它与被修饰词之间是主谓关系，即被修饰词是分词动作的执行者。分词所表示的时间一般应与句中的谓语动词所表示的时间相同。puzzled

6、 expressiondisappointed childrenexhausted peoplesatisfied expression an interesting bookan exciting film例如：The girl sitting at the desk is good at English.=The girl who is sitting at the desk is good at English.He lives in a room facing the south.=He lives in a room that faces the south.Translate th

7、e following phrasesdeveloped countries _boiled water _fallen leaves _a retired professor _a newly-built house _发达国家开水落叶一位退休的教授一所新建的房子【即学即练】1.我喜欢鲁迅写的书。I like the books _.2.我讨厌那个老人讲的故事。I hate the stories _.3.那个国家讲的是什么语言？Whats the language _?4.它们是历史遗留下来的问题。They are problems _.written by Lu Xuntold by t

8、he old manspoken in that countryleft over by historyFind the following time expressions that appear in“My First Ride on a Train.”Recently A long time ago During the day A hundred and fifty years ago.One night Until the 1920s.At about midnight.In 1925.澳洲铁路Grammar DiscussionWhich of them can refer to

9、past or present actions?refer to past and present:During the day;at about midnightrefer to past only:Recently;A long time ago;A hundred and fifty years ago;One night;Until the 1920s;In 1925Use similar time expressions to complete these sentences.1.People first started travelling by train _.2.We had

10、a nice holiday last year._,we visited museums._,we went to a music club.3._,I travelled by bus to meet a friend of mine who now lives in another city.4._,there was a huge railway station in the middle of the city,but it isnt there any longer.in 1925A hundred and fifty years agoDuring the dayAt night

11、RecentlyPast Tense Time Expressions1.主要表示在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。常用的表示过去的时间状语有:at that time,during his middle school years,last night/year/week/month,a week/month/year ago,in the olddays，in the past，until the 1920s,in 1925,one night,a long time agoI wasnt in last night.We didnt have a house of our own

12、 at that time.Where were you just now?Their children often went hungry in the old days.2.表示过去的习惯性、重复性的动作,常用一定的时间状语或频度状语。I played football every week when I was young.小时候我每周都去踢足球。I used to go shopping during weekends.我过去常常在周末去购物。3.有些情况，没有明确的表过去的时间状语，但实际上动词的动作是过去发生的，应用过去时态。I didnt know you were so bus

13、y.我事先不知道你这么忙。I thought you were out.我以为你出去了。4.规则动词的过去式是在原形动词后加-ed，要注意掌握不规则动词的过去式以及过去分词的形式。例如：admit（admitted,admitted）;buy（bought,bought）;see（saw,seen）;set（set,set）;mean（meant,meant）5.一般过去时的疑问句和否定句，要用“did或didnt+动词原形”结构。Did you/he/she/they go there yesterday?I/He/She/They didnt go there yesterday.1.Mo

14、st of the people_（被邀请参加宴会的）were famous scientists.2.Lessons_（易学的）are soon forgotten.3.The computer center_（开办）last year is very popular among the students in this school.4.Your letter _(3月10号的来信)has been received.5.Whats the language_（在德国讲的）?invited to the partylearned easilystarteddated March 10ths

15、poken in Germany【即学即练】6.We lived in the house_（我舅舅建的）.7.Any medicine_(服用)without the advice of a doctor can cause trouble.8.We spent two hours discussing the plan_（她制订的）.9._ water（开水）10.a _ cup（一个破碎的杯子）11.three_（受伤的）soldiersbuilt by my uncletakenmade by herboiledbrokenwounded1.过去分词作定语时的位置及物动词的过去分词作定

16、语表示被动和完成有些过去分词失去了被动意义，而作形容词，表示“感到的”，现在分词表示“令人的”。现在分词作定语和过去分词作定语的区别2.一般过去时的具体用法常用的表示过去的时间状语掌握动词的不规则变化一般过去时态疑问句和否定句1.After completing and signing it,please return the form to us in the envelope _.【2012山东高考】A.providing B.provided C.having provided D.provide【解析】选B。句意：完成并签名后，请把表格放入我们提供的信封内送回。此处动词provide与

17、其逻辑主语envelope之间是被动关系，在句中作定语，相当于which is provided。2.“Its such a nice place,”Mother said as she sat at the table_ for customers.【2012浙江高考】A.to be reserved B.having reservedC.reserving D.reserved【解析】选D。句意：当母亲坐在为顾客预留的桌旁时，说：“这真是个好地方”。reserve和其所修饰的the table之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动、完成的概念。3.Kevin,you look wor

18、ried.Anything wrong?Well,I_ a test and Im waiting for the result.【2012重庆高考】A.will take B.took C.had taken D.take【解析】选B。考查动词的时态。句意：Kevin,你看起来很担心，出了什么事？嗯，我刚考试了，现在在等考试成绩。根据答语的后半句可知，现在Kevin正在等待测试的成绩，参加测试为一个过去的动作，应该使用一般过去时。因此，正确答案为B选项。4.George said that he would come to school to see me the next day,but

19、he _.【2012北京高考】A.wouldnt B.didnt C.hasnt D.hadnt【解析】选 B。考查时态。句意：George说他第二天会来学校看我，但是他没有来。根据would come是过去将来时，且the next day 与现在没有任何关系，可知指的是过去的事情。5.Have you heard about that fire in the market?Yes,fortunately no one _.【2012北京高考】A.hurt B.was hurt C.has hurt D.had been hurt【解析】选 B。句意：你听说发生在集市上的大火了吗？是的，幸运

20、的是，没有人受伤。根据句意，可知这件事是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。6.Our friendship _ quickly over the weeks that followed.【2012北京高考】A.had developed B.was developingC.would develop D.developed【解析】选D。考查时态。句意：我们的友谊在接下来的几周里得以迅速发展。分析句子结构可知，develop描述在过去阶段发生的动作，强调状态，用一般过去时。7.Did you ask Sophia for help?I _ need toI managed perfectly w

21、ell on my own.【2012全国卷】A.wouldnt B.dont C.didnt D.wont【解析】选C。考查时态。句意：（过去）你向索菲亚寻求帮助了吗？我没有必要向她求助，我自己就处理得很完美了。对话的内容谈论的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。8.The three of us _ around Europe for about a month last summer.【2012天津高考】A.travelled B.have travelledC.had travelled D.travel【解析】选A。句意：去年夏天我们三个人去欧洲旅游了大约一个月的时间。根据时间状语last

22、 summer可知，本句为一般过去时，叙述过去所发生的一件事情,故A项符合语境。9.The letters for the boss_ on his desk but he didnt read them until three days later.【2012天津高考】A.were put B.was put C.put D.has put【解析】选 A。考查时态。句意：给老板的信被放在桌子上了，但是三天后他才看。the letters和put在逻辑上构成被动关系，且but作连词连接两个句子时，前后句子应保持时态一致。空格处与didnt 相呼应，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。10.The

23、 president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he_.【2012江苏高考】A.has started B.startsC.started D.will start【解析】选C。考查时态。句意：这位总统希望人民在他离任时比他刚上任时更富有。根据句意，总统上任发生在卸任之前，所以用一般过去时。故选C项。11.After Jack had sent some e-mails,he _working on his project.【2012 山东高考】A.had started B.has sta

24、rted C.started D.starts【解析】选C。考查时态。句意：Jack发了几份电子邮件之后，开始研究他的项目。根据前半句的谓语动词用了过去完成式，可知后半句用一般过去时，这样才能符合“过去的过去”这一条件。12.I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbersbefore my eyes.【2012 新课标全国卷】A.swim B.swumC.swam D.had swum【解析】选C。考查时态。句意：我一整个下午都在做数学题，所以我眼前全是数字。主句用过去完成进行时，所以后半句用一般过去时，只有这样才能具备“过去的过去”的条件。1.Finish the workbook exercises.2.Go over what we have learned this class.HomeworkThere is no royal road to learning.学无坦途。