1、专题三冠词 知 识 梳 理 一、不定冠词泛指某一类人、事、物，相当于anyThe best way to learn a language is to live among its speakers. I know that the pressure to stay slim is a problem, especially for an actress.泛指某人或某物，但不具体指明何人或何物，相当于a certain或someA John called you just now.There is a car in the yard.表示数量，有“一”的意思，相当于oneA bird in t
2、he hand is worth two in the bush.I need a student to help me.表示“每一”，相当于perThe Chinese Export Commodities Fair is held in Guangzhou twice a year.The car is travelling at 100 miles an hour.用在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”A second plan was devised and is now going forward.Please give me a second chance.抽象名词表示一个具体情况，一个
3、具体动作Their performance became a success.Sometimes disappointment can make you feel like a failure.在一些物质名词前加不定冠词，表示“一阵，一场，一份，一种”There will be a heavy storm.I went to buy a paper at the corner dairy.用在有形容词修饰的一日三餐前We just had a big supper.He has a light breakfast every morning.用在有形容词修饰的季节、日期前We had a ve
4、ry hot summer.We had a wonderful Sunday.与形容词比较级连用，表示“一个更的”Young men climbed on buses and fences to get a better view.In recent years, the small town has enjoyed a bigger boom than ever.用在so, as, too, how等修饰的形容词之后，单数可数名词前This is too small a room for us to live in.Russian is so difficult a language fo
5、r us Chinese to learn.用在such, what, many, half等词后，修饰单数可数名词He would be the last person who would do such a thing.What a beautiful flower it is！与mostadj.连用，修饰单数可数名词表示“很，非常”Thats a most expensive supper.We had a most enjoyable evening here.用于同源宾语中Live a happy life.二、定冠词用在单数可数名词前，表示一类人或物The cat, as well
6、 as the dog, is a lovely creature.特指双方都知道的人或物，或再次提到上文提到过的人或物I like the novel you lent me last week.There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. 特指世上独一无二的事物Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon？用在某些形容词、过去分词、v.ing形式前表示一类人或物The rich should help
7、 the poor.He fired me, but, soon he was among the unemployed.The dead no longer need. We must do something for the living, including the injured.用在序数词、最高级、only、very、same前We made the same mistake at the same moment.You are the only one we are waiting for.We live on the twentythird floor, the highest
8、floor of this building.用在姓氏复数形式前，表示一家人或某某夫妇The Smiths dropped in on some old friends on their vacation trip to New York.用在由某些普通名词构成的国家、机关、团体等专有名词前the Peoples Republic of Chinathe United Statesthe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland用在形容词比较级前，表示“两者中较的一个”The older of the two noblemen t
9、ook a light.Of the two sisters, Lily is the younger.用在世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前In the 1990s the area became a magnet for new investment. We can compare the Han Dynasty to the Romans.用在山河、海洋等名词前The Changjiang River rolls on eastwards.用在西洋乐器名称前She plays the violin, I mean the viola, really well.She was trying t
10、o teach him to play the guitar.用在身体部位名称前，相当于物主代词(动词sb.介词the身体部位)His jaw was broken after he was hit on the head.用在方位或发明物前，但当方位词同of短语构成方位副词短语时，其前不用冠词invent the computer, in the east of BeijingTaiwan lies southeast of Fujian.用在表示具体的计量的名词前by the hour, by the dozen特定意义的月份、季节和中国传统节日的名词前通常加定冠词the Spring F
11、estival, the Dragon Boat FestivalI dont like the spring of Jinan.三、零冠词的用法在专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词前Iron and steel plays an important role in industry.It is important to combine theory with practice.复数名词泛指一类人或物或表示不定量的人或物时Computers are widely used in every field of science and technology nowadays.在星期、月份、季节和节假日前
12、The best time to come to China is in spring or autumn.If winter comes, can spring be far behind？在称呼语前或表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、补语、同位语时She was appointed director of the factory. Doctor, Im not feeling myself today.Im captain of the class team.表示学科、三餐、语言、棋类和球类运动的名词前The teacher often plays chess with his stu
13、dents after class.I think Chinese is more popular than any other subject.与by连用的交通和通讯工具前by train, by bus, by sea, by boatand连接两种身份组成的一个人或物时，后者不用冠词a worker and writer名词前已有指示代词、物主代词、所有格等限定词时This is my address.I like this flower.as, though引导的让步状语从句中，单数可数名词作表语提至句首时Child as he is, he knows quite a lot abo
14、ut the history of China.四、冠词用于习惯表达含有不定冠词的习惯表达as a matter of fact, as a rule, all of a sudden, be at a loss, have a chance, have a good time, have a hand in, have a try, keep an eye on, be in a hurry, take a walk, take an interest in等I go to work by bicycle as a rule.I will have a try even though I s
15、hould fail.We cant leave no one to keep an eye on things.Could we take a walk? I feel like a little exercise.Its not that difficult. As a matter of fact, its quite easy.My throat was dry. I was at a loss for words.含有定冠词的习惯表达by the way, on the whole, in the end, on the way to, tell the truth, on the
16、right / left, be in the habit of doing sth., on the spot, the day before yesterday, in the distance, for the time being等My opinion is on the whole the same as yours.To tell the truth, I dont think much of your plan.The doctor was on the spot a few minutes after the accident.We suddenly saw her in th
17、e distance.The situation is calm for the time being.不含冠词的习惯表达at noon/night/dawn/midnight, at bottom, in order, in peace, at last, at present, at war, by way of, day and night, without result, in trouble, in sight, from beginning to end, in advance, in danger, in case(of), in fashion, in fact, take p
18、art in等The Prime Minister is scheduled to arrive at noon.Im so glad that weve found you at last!Day and night the waves dash against the rocks.Ive been in trouble since I was eleven years of age.It is a good idea to place your order well in advance.You have to admit that you are, in fact, in difficu
19、lties.有无冠词意义不同的习惯表达My little girl does not go to school; she has a teacher at home. 我的小女儿没有上学， 她有位家庭教师。She went to the school to pick up her daughter. 她去学校接她的女儿。He is still fighting for his life in hospital.他仍在医院与死神搏斗。Mary was in the hospital looking after her sick mother.玛丽在医院照顾她生病的母亲。I came in sig
20、ht of my uncles house with a heaving chest. 我看到舅舅家房子的时候，已是上气不接下气了。In the sight of the world, they were a happily married couple. 在世人看来， 他们是幸福的一对夫妻。Out of question, it is his handwriting. 毫无疑问， 这是他的字迹。We cannot go out in this weatherit is out of the question.天气这样糟糕，我们不能出去，这是完全不可能的。I asked her to be more careful in future.我告诉她今后要更加小心。He believes food prices will go up in the future.他认为食品价格将来会上涨。
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