1、2012届高考英语最后冲刺语法专题精品：情态动词模块一：考纲解读把握情态动词表允许、判断和推测的用法；把握wish, as if/though if only, would rather等在虚拟句式中的运用。模块二：考点定位考查情态动词基本用法之间的比较和辨析。模块三：命题分析最近几年高考试题中常借助具体的语境来考查考生对那些最常见的情态动词的基本用法的理解和掌握，因此在做这样的试题时应认真分析语境中所含的实际意义，并结合情态动词的基本含义和用法做出正确的选择。模块四：语法训练. 夯实基础一.把下列句子翻译成汉语：1. Shall I help you? 2. He might be at h
2、ome.3. You cant be too careful. 4. He couldnt be a bad man.5. He must be staying there.二.单项选择：1. Peter _come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet. A. mustB. may C. can D. will2 -Shall we go skating or stay at home?-Which _ do? A. do you ratherB. would you rather C. will you rather D. should yo
3、u rather3.-Could I borrow your dictionary?-Yes, of course, you_. A. mightB. will C. can D. should4.-Shall I tell John about it?-No, you _. Ive told him already. A. needntB. wouldntC. mustntD. shouldnt5.-Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow.-_.A. I dont B.I wont C. I cantD. I havent 能力提升
4、1. If he goes on behaving like that he _ answer for it. A. shallB. willC. wouldD. can2. Reading skill, as is so important, you _ pay too much attention to it.A. cannotB. shouldntC. mustntD. neednt3. He should be coming by train?, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. A. mustB. canC. needD. may4. T
5、hey _ go skiing in the mountains , because there was little snow there. A. may not beB. wont beC. couldnt beD. mustnt be5. I _ he is lazy, but I dont now A. may have thoughtB. can have thoughtC. may thinkD. might think6. You _ be right, but I dont think you are.A. can B. could C. must D. should7.Cou
6、ld I borrow your dictionary? (NMET) Yes, of course you_. A. might B. will C. can D. should8. I have a look at your Australian coins？ Yes, certainlyA Do B May C Shall D Should 9. How it be that he was late for the opening ceremony？A. can Bshould C. may D. must 10. Will you please go to see the film？
7、Im not sure I go to the concert instead A must Bwould Cshould Dmight 10.I should have been there, but I not find the time Awould Bcould Cmight Dshould B分析题意可知第二个分句表示过去的某种能力；C 项只表示语气上的可能性，与题意不符。 11. You play with fire, you hurt yourself Awont; cant Bmustnt; may Cshouldnt; must Dcant; shouldnt 12. My
8、brother is coming to see me, I stay for lunch A I mustnt B cant C I neednt D I wont 13.Your photos be ready by 1200 A can B should C might D need 14. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone get out A had to B would C could D was able to 15.You tell John about it, Ive told him alr
9、eady A neednt B wouldnt C mustnt D shouldnt 16. There were already five people in the car, but they managed to take me as well. It _a comfortable journey. A. cant be B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been 17.I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _for her. A. had to write it ou
10、t B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out 18. You _not have allowed the boy to attend the concert, he has made so much noise.A. could B. must C. would D. should19.Can I help you, sir? Yes, I bought this radio here yesterday, but it_. A. didnt work B. couldn
11、t work C. cant work D. doesnt work20. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you_ take care of your luggage.A. can B. may C. must D. will 瞄准高考1.（2010）安徽32. Jack described his father, who _a brave boy many years ago, as a strongwilled manA. would be B. would have been C. must be D. mus
12、t have been 2.（2010湖南）23. You _buy a gift, but you can if you want to.A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to 3.（2010江西）23 I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it?A Must B Can C May D Will4.（2010山东）25. I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. A shouldnt B. neednt C. cou
13、ldnt D. mustnt5.（2010天津）9. Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt 6.（2010四川）3. I take the book out?Im afraid not.A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need7.（2010全国）29.Just be patient .You _ expect the world to change so soon .A. ca
14、nt B. neednt C. may not D. whether 8.（2010江苏）25. I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month. Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday.A. could B. shall C. must D. may 9.（2010 0陕西）23. May I take this book out of the reading room? No, you . You read it in here. A. mig
15、htnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt10.（2010全国）17.Im afraid Mr. Harding _see you now. Hes busy.A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D .neednt11.（2010辽宁）26. Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _ be regular exercise.Acan Bwill Cmust Dmay12.（2010北京）23. -Good morning. Ive got an appointment w
16、ith Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. -Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters. A. might B. must C. would D. can13.（2010浙江）17. “You _ have a wrong number,” she said. “Theres no one of that name here.” A. need B. can C. must D. would 14.（2011湖南）28. -No one _ be compared with Yao Ming in playing ba
17、sketball.-Oh, you are really his big fan.A. can B. need C. must D. might15.（2011重庆）25. Why didnt you come to Simons party last night?I wanted to, but my mom simply _ not let me out so late at night.A. could B. might C. would D. should16.（2011北京）24.I dont really like James. Why did you invite him?Don
18、t worry. He come. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not17.（2011浙江）11. - Hows your new babysitter? - We _ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much. A. should B. might C. mustnt D. couldnt 18.（2011辽宁）21. If you _ go, at least wait unt
19、il the storm is over. A. can B. may C. must D. will19.（2011陕西）24.Will you read me a story ,Mummy? -OK. You _have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.A. might B. must C. could D. shall20.（2011四川） 20. The police still have I found the lost child, but theyre doing all they .A. can B. may C. must D
20、. should模块五：误区指津1.must与have to/must强调说话者的主观看法，have to强调客观需要，表示“不必”意要用neednt或dont/didnt/wont have to,不能用mustnt。 2.can/could与be able to/can多用于现在时，也可用于将来时，could只用于过去时，be able to可用于各种时态。表示“过去经过努力而做成(或没做成)”要用was/were(not) able to ，而不用could(not)。例如：He worked hard, but he wasnt able to pass the exam. 3.wil
21、l,would,used to:都可表“习惯”意。will表示不受时间限制的习惯性动作。如：Fish will die out of water./ Shell sit for hours without saying anything.would表示过去习惯性的动作，但不涉及与现在情况的对比。如：He would walk by the river in the morning.注意：would后不能跟表状态动词。例如不能说He would be late for school last year. used to表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但这种习惯现在已不存在了。如：He used to
22、 get up early. He used to be late for school.情态动词答案详解：一.把下列句子翻译成汉语：1. 要不要我帮帮你?2. 他可能在家。3. 你越仔细越好。4. 他不大可能是坏人。5. 他现在肯定呆在那里。二.单项选择：1. B.2.A 3.C 4.A 5.B能力提升1.A【解析】shall 用于陈述句中表示允诺、告诫、警告、威胁、命令、规定、必然性等(可用于各类人称)。2.A【解析】cannottoo是英语中一个十分有用的表达，意为“不可能太，无论怎样也不算过分，越越”。3.D【解析】may 表推测，may not 意为“可能不(会坐火车来)”。句中的
23、He should 为 He should come by train 之省略，由于其后出现转折连词 but，说明语意有变化，再结合下文的 He likes driving his car，便可决定此题选D。注意，不能选B，因为can表示推测时通常不用肯定陈述句。4.C【解析】主要由下文的 because there was little snow there 这一语境所决定，既然“没下什么雪”，那么“滑雪”就应是“不可能”，所以选 couldnt be，即选C。5.A。从答话人的语境可知，空格处的意思“曾经这样想过”，即对过去情况作推测，故应用“情态动词+动词完成式”；又因为 can 表推测
24、不用于肯定句，故选A。6.B【解析】 此处could 并不是 can 的过去式，与 can 也没有时间上的差别，只是 could 比 can语气更委婉表示可能。7.C【解析】B、D意明显不合；A语气不妥，与of course不符。此题Could是表Can意的委婉说法，并非过去时。8.B【解析】分析语境可知这是在征求对方的许可，may表示“允许、可以”，语气比较委婉 shall常用于第一、三人称作主语的疑问句中,表示征求对方意见和指示，如果此空用shall，则意为“要（我）看一下吗？”，不符合上下文意思。 9.A 【解析】must be 表示肯定的猜测，只能用于肯定句中。 10. D【解析】由题
25、意和下句中的 “Im not sure” 可知这段对话中存在一种可能性推测，might可以用来表示一种比较委婉的可能性判断。 11. B【解析】mustnt 表示“不可以；禁止”，分析题意可知第二个空表示某种可能性，故本题选B。12. B【解析】分析题意可知因为“我弟弟要来看我”，所以“不能留下”，因此对别人的邀请或要求应给予礼貌的拒绝。A 项表示“禁止”；C项表示“不必要”；而D项表示“不会”，均不符合题意。13.B【解析】该题考查情态动词should的基本含义，分析句意可知本题应选B。 14. D【解析】该题考查了could和be able to的区别，二者都可表示过去时间的能力，但如果表
26、示过去成功地做了某事只能使用was were able to do。 15. A【解析】情态动词shall在试题中表示征询对方意见或请求指示。答句暗示 “没有必要了”。16. D【解析】 A、B是对现在情况而言，与情景不合。表否定推测不能说mustnt have been,只有D选项“不可能是”意思切合，时态也对，故为正确答案。17. C【解析】A项意“(当时)不得不写出来”，不合题意；D项意“(现在)应写出来”也不合题意；B项意“(当时)肯定已写出来”明显不对。只有C表“当初应该写出来”意的项才合上下文。18. D【解析】若选A。意“不可能已被允许”与情景不合，应排除；B项不可选；C项意“当
27、时将不会被允许”也与情况相悖。只有D“should not have allowed”表示“当初不该让他”才合题意。 19. D【解析】若选A。意“昨天不响（今天响了）”，不合题目情景；若选B。其意是“当时不能工作（现在能工作了）”，显然不合题；若选C。意为“这台收音机根本不能工作（是废品）”这未免显得武断；只有D表“这台机子不响（有毛病）”意才能合理地表达来找商店服务员的原因。20C【解析】must表示”一定”，句意：在机场和车站这样人多的地方，你一定要看管好你的行李。瞄准高考1. D【解析】句意为“杰克把他的父亲描述为一个意志坚强的人，他的父亲多年前肯定很勇敢。”用must have be
28、en表示对过去事情的肯定推测。2. D【解析】dont have to 意为“没有必要”，符合语境，句意为：“你没有必要买礼物，但如果你想买的话，你也可以买。”3. A 【解析】must 必须, 一定 can 可以, 能够 may 也许 will 意愿, 倾向性动作, 前半句说我告诉你事实了, 这里用的是现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响, 既然我已经说了, 我还必须重复一遍吗？4. A【解析】句意应为“我本来不应该看那部电影的-它会使我做噩梦的。”表示“本来不应该做而做了某事”用shouldnt have done, 所以A项正确。5. A【解析】句意：迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么
29、高速驾驶之后，他早半个小时到达了。解析：根据后面的语境，提前半个小时到达，说明Mark本来不必那么匆忙，所以用neednt have done 结构，表示“本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了”。6. B【解析】表请求可用情态动词can, may, could, might ,表允许用can, may.句意为：“我可以将这本书带出去吗？”“恐怕不行”。故应选表情请求的情态动词may。正确答案为B。7. A【解析】cant在否定句中可以表示推测，译为不可能，可以表示能力，译为不能够，也可以表示命令，不允许，但是语气比mustnt弱，具有劝慰的意思，根据句意此题中选择A，cant表示劝慰。句意：耐心一点
30、儿，你不能期望世界变化如此快。8. B【解析】shall在第二人称中表示允诺，还可以表示强制，命令，威胁，警告。还有在法律条文中的要求或规定。9. D【解析】英语中用could，might表示询问或征求意见的问句中，肯定性应答要用can或may来代替could或might，而may或might征求意见的问句否定应答时要用mustnt，故本题选D。10. A 【解析】结合语境，根据情态动词用于疑问或否定推测时，要用cant。11. C【解析】Can一般表示“可能，或能力”；will表示“意志”；may表示“许可，可能”；must表示“必须”。 句意：医生说锻炼对身体重要，但是必须是有规律的锻炼。
31、12. B【解析】第一个说话人说和史密斯小姐有约，那下面的人就回应说，那您一定就是Mrs. Peters了因此排除A,C.D13. C【解析】肯定的猜测，用must14. B【解析】考察情态动词。need表示“需要”。根据句意，选A。15. C【解析】考查情态动词。此处would表示一种意愿。16. D【解析】题干中的he wasnt certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定，might not。17. D【解析】本题考点为情态动词结合语境的用法，高一的重点。首句问对方的保姆怎么样，答句的后面句完整表达了“我们孩子都非常喜欢她。”，那么答句的前半句“我们要求一个更好的。”一定是
32、否定才符合语境，排除A、B，选项C.musnt表示“禁止做”辞不达意，故而选D，“我们不能找到更好的了”。18. C【解析】句意：如果你坚持要走，至少也要等暴风雨停了再走。must表示一定要，坚持要（表示主张），符合语境。其他选项语气较弱，均不符合句子中有暴风雨必须要走的语气。19. D【解析】根据题干意思可以推断出所填情态动词用语肯定句，主语是第二人称。而四个选项中的shall可以用语肯定句的第二，三人称，表示警告，劝告，允诺，生气，不耐烦等于其，本句就是允诺，故选D。其余选项与题意不符。 20. A 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：警察仍然还没有找到那个丢失的孩子，但是他们正在竭尽所能的寻找。can表示能力符合题意，故选A项。may表示或许；must表示肯定；should表示应该。