1、adjustpurchasesewparticipateoperatedonaterelevantsoftpoliticalremoteprivilege调整；使合适购买缝制参加工作；运转捐赠有关的软的政治的偏僻的特权hear from be dying to come across stick out dry upin need participate in接到的信渴望;极想碰到伸出干透在困难中参加Words&phrases“渴望”的类似说法有：be thirsty for sth.;have a strong desire for sth.;desire to do sth.;long t
2、o do/for sth.2.be dying to do/for sth.渴望做某事；迫切想要She is dying to go abroad.Im dying for a glass of water.3.picture n.图画，描绘；想象=imagineThe artist pictured her as a Spanish dancer.I cant quite picture myself as a mother.词性转换在阅读中常有出现map：绘地图、作图head：向前进 hand：手 铲递，交water：浇水book：预订dry:使干燥 4.It takes me only
3、a few minutes to walk to school.我步行几分钟就可以到达学校了。“花费时间金钱干某事”的常用句型：It takes sb.time to do sth.It costs sb.money to do sth.sth.costs sb,money sb.spends time/money(in)doing sth./on sth.sb.pays money for sth It will cost you$50 to fly to Paris.She spends two hours(in)watching TV every day.5Sometimes l won
4、der how relevant chemistry is to these students，most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.1)relevant 有关的；有实际重要性的be relevant to sth.sb与-有关 have/bear relevant to 和-有关His age is not relevant to whether he is a good teacher他的年龄与他是否是一位好老师无关。relevance n2)will be doing将来进行时，表示将来
5、某个时候正在发生的动作。如：Im sure l will be studying in a university next September我相信下一年的9月我会正在大学里学习。6Tombes father,Mukap,led us to his house，a low bamboo hut with grass sticking out of the roofstick out伸出 显眼stick with sb/sth 保持密切关系;继续支持stick to坚持，维持Its rude to stick out your tongue at othersThey wrote the not
6、ice in red letters so that it would stick out I will stick with my friends through thick and thin我与朋友患难与共。He promised to help us and he stuck to his word他答应过帮助我们，他没有失信。7.dry out(使)变干，干透Water the plant regularly,never letting the soil dry out.dry up(河流，湖泊等)干枯，(使)完全变干耗尽During the drought the river dri
7、ed up.The writers long separation from social dried up his imagination.8.It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombes family.privilege 殊荣It was a privilege to make his acquaintance.privilege 还表示“特权”、“权利”Only members have the privilege to use the ground.the privilege of citizenship/equalit
8、y 公民权/平等权 Revision of Restrictive Attributive Clause限定性定语从句复习1.在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。2.引导定语从句的关系代词有：which,that,who,whom,whose和as。其作用是：引导定语从句代替先行词在定语从句中充当一定成分。3.引导定语从句的关系副词有：where,when,why。可替换成：介词+关系代词。注：1.介词提前时一般只用which和whom。2.whose+名词=the+名词+of which/of whom先行词是物先行词是人定语 地点状语时间状语原因状语主宾
9、主宾关系代词which thatwhowhomwhose关系副词wherewhenwhy二、关系词的用法：（一）关系代词的用法：11、作、作主语主语用用who,whichwho,which和和that,that,如：如：He is the man He is the man who/that who/that lives next door.lives next door.The train The train which/thatwhich/that has just left is for Shenzhen.has just left is for Shenzhen.22、作、作宾语宾语用
10、用whom,who,which,that,whom,who,which,that,如：如：The man The man(whom/who/that)(whom/who/that)we have just seen is a famous writer.we have just seen is a famous writer.Where is the book Where is the book(which/that)(which/that)I bought last week?I bought last week?注：在非正式文体中，关系代词作宾语时，用于指人的who whom,that和用
11、于指物的which和that通常可以省略；但在介词提前时,或在非限定性定语从句中，关系代词即使作宾语也不可省略。33、作、作定语定语用用whose,whose,如如：(a)He is the man(a)He is the man whosewhose car was stolen last week.car was stolen last week.(b)It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.(b)It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize
12、at that time.44、作、作表语表语只用只用that that，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。He is no longer the manHe is no longer the man that that he used to be.he used to be.This is no longer the dirty place This is no longer the dirty place(that)(that)it used to be.it used to be.注注：“whose+名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语（
13、如上a句），又能作宾语（如上b句）。whose 的先行词常用来指人，但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念，这时可以与of which 结构互换，词序是：“名词+of which”，如：They They came came to to a a househouse whose whose back back wallwall had had broken broken down.down.(=(=the the back wall of which)back wall of which)Hes Hes written written a a bookbook the the name name
14、 of of which which Ive Ive completely completely forgotten.forgotten.(=(=whose name whose name)难点:as引导限定性定语从句，指代被 the same,such,as,so 等修饰的名词Dont talk about such things as you dont understand.Were facing the same problems as we did years ago.It is as pleasant a film as I have ever seen.Here is so big
15、 a stone as no one can lift.比较：Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（结果状语从句）关系代词的用法练习1.The eggs were not fresh.I bought them yesterday.2.The friend was not hungry.He came to supper last night.3.He prefers the cheese.It comes from his parents farm.4.The noodles were delicious.You cooked the
16、m.5.I dont like the people.They smoke a lot.The eggs(that/which)I bought them were not fresh.The friend who/that he came to supper last night was not hungry.He prefers the cheese that/which it comes from his parents farm.The noodles(which/that)you cooked them were delicious.I dont like the people th
17、at/who they smoke a lot.注：定语从句关系代词已经代替先行词在从句中充当了某一成分，故从句中不能再出现该先行词。(1)宜用that引导的定语从句1）序数词或最高级形容词修饰先行词时，要用that。The first English novel that I read was A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens.2)all,everything,nothing,something,anything 等不定代词作先行词时用that。Everything that we saw in the factory greatly inter
18、ested us.3)人和物合作先行词时，要用that。We were talking about the persons and things that we remembered in our school.4)先行词前有the only,the very,the right,the same等修饰时，要用that。It is the very skirt that suits me well.(2)宜用which引导的定语从句1)当定语从句的介词提前时，要用which。The house in which they lived last year has been rebuilt.2)引
19、导非限制性定语从句时，要用which。He bought a railway ticket for the woman,which helped her a lot.5)在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中，要用thatWhoever that is content with a little progress cant make big achievements.6)关系代词在定语从句中作表语只用thatHe is no longer the man that he used to be.This is no longer the dirty place(that)it used
20、 to be.(3)宜用as引导的定语从句1)先行词与such,the same连用或先行词本身就是the same,such时，要用as。Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.Would you like to buy the same pen as I have?2)代替整个句子，在从句中作主语，而从句位于句首时，要用as。As is well known,the earth goes around the sun.(4)宜用who引导的定语从句。当先行词是人称代词或是those,anyone等时，常用who。He who does n
21、ot reach the Great Wall is not a true man.Those who were either fools or unfit for their offices could not see the cloth.（二）关系副词的用法：1、when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：time,day,morning,night,week,year 等。如：I I still still remember remember the the time time whenwhen I I first first became became a a colleg
22、e college student.student.Do you know the date Do you know the date whenwhen Lincoln was born?Lincoln was born?注：when时常可以省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。例如：Each time Each time he camehe came,he did his best to help us.,he did his best to help us.But help never stopped coming from the day But help never stopped
23、coming from the day she fell illshe fell ill.2、where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常 有：place,spot,street,house,room,city,town,country等，如：This is the hotel This is the hotel wherewhere they are staying.they are staying.I forget the house I forget the house where where the Smiths lived.the Smiths lived.注：where有时
24、也可以省略。如：This is the place(where)we met yesterday.3、why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。That is the reason That is the reason why why he is leaving so soon.he is leaving so soon.注：why时常也可以省略。如：That is the real reason he did it.使用关系副词应注意下列几点：1、这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构：when=on(in,at,during)+which;when=on(in,at
25、,during)+which;where=in(at,on)+which;where=in(at,on)+which;why=for which.why=for which.如：如：I was in Beijing on the day I was in Beijing on the day whenwhen(=on which)(=on which)he arrived.he arrived.The office The office where where(=in which)(=in which)he works is on the third floor.he works is on
26、the third floor.This is the chief reason This is the chief reason whywhy(=for which)(=for which)we did it.we did it.2、当先行词是表时间的time,day等和表地点的place,house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that,缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较：Ill Ill never never forget forget the the day day whenwhenmy my hometown
27、hometown was was liberated.liberated.Ill Ill never never forget forget the the days days which/thatwhich/that we we spent spent together together last last summer.summer.His father works in a factory His father works in a factory wherewhere radio parts are made.radio parts are made.His His father fa
28、ther works works in in a a factory factory which/thatwhich/that makes makes radio radio parts.parts.温馨提示：when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。而why 只能引导限制性定语从句。1.Ill never forget the days_ we workedtogether.2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago.4
29、.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _ he gave.when/in whichwhichwhere/in whichwhichwhy/for whichthat/which几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词 1.根据先行词来确定This is the pot in which I boiled the milk.(boil milk in the pot)Yesterday we had a meeting,at wh
30、ich we discussed many problems.(discuss problems at the meeting)1979 was the year in which my son was born.(my son was born in the year)This is the place in which I grew up.(grow up in the place)Thats the reason for which he dislikes me.(dislike me for the reason)(介词的确定方法)介词+which/whom2.根据从句中的谓语动词或形
31、容词来确定The person to whom I complained is the manager.(complained to the person)The dog,of which he used to be afraid,is her favorite animal now.(be afraid of the dog)3.根据从句所表达的意思来确定Water,without which man cant live,is really important.4.当介词和从句中的动词构成固定词组时，介词不能前置The babies whom the nurses are looking a
32、fter are very healthy.1.介词+which/whose+n.I often get up at six,at which time it is still very dark in winter.He is the man from whose house the pictures were stolen.2.名词+of+which/whomThis is the lady the son of whom is a famous writer.(=whose son)These people,the majority of whom are farmers,disagre
33、ed with the plan.The cake,half of which was eaten,was bought for Lilys birthday.3.代词+of+which/whom用于非限定性定语从句中表示数量。这些代词包括：many,much,some,a few,most,all,both,none,either,neitherThe old man has two sons,both of whom are doctors.There are a lot of books,none of which is mine.The two players,neither of w
34、hom reached the final,played well.The money,all of which has been given to the Hope project,was collected in the performance.The foreigners,most of whom have been to China for the first time,come from different countries.4.数词+of+which/whomI bought some books from the bookstore,five of which were Eng
35、lish novels.In our factory there are 800 workers,40 percent of whom are women.5.形容词最高级+of+which/whomThere are many islands in China,the largest of which is Taiwan.She has six children,the cleverest of whom is John.2008 高考真题回顾（山东卷）26.Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my k
36、ids.A.whoB.whichC.whyD.when（江西卷）35.Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.A.where B.whenC.who D.which（陕西卷）8.Tomorrow is Toms birthday.Have you got any idea _ the party is to be held?A.what B.which C.that D.where1.Remember the language points and grammar focus in this unit.2.Finish exercises 1-4 on page 33.3.Finish exercises on page 71-72,in workbook.
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