1、定语从句一、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。如:(1)The man who lives next to us is a policeman. (2)You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词, 定语从句通常放在先行词的后面。 *引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格 whose)和关系副词where,when,why *关系词常有三个作用:1.引导定语从句2.代替先行词3.在定语从句 中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指
2、人,在从句中作主语 The boys who are playing football are from Class One.2.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。 (1)Mr.Liu is the person (whom)you talked about. 注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。 (2)The man (who/whom)you met just now is my friend.3.which指物,在定语从句中作主语或者宾语,作宾语时可省略 (1)Football is a game which is liked by most b
3、oys.(which在句子 中作主语) (2)This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.(which 在句子中 作宾语)4.that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which,在定语从句中作主 语或者宾语,作宾语时可省略。 (1)The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.(在从 句中作主语) (2)Where is the man (that/whom)I saw this morning? (在从句中作 宾语)5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语 (1)He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (3)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
