1、内 容 索 引走近新课 一起感知语法探究 一起思考随堂练习走近新课 一起感知语法感知指出下列句子的类型1.Walking in the park,he saw a lovely dog lying there.2.The train had left when the two boys arrived there.3.What made her so angry that day wasnt known to me.4.I dont know when I should start making that decision.5.Most of the members were against
2、his plan,so he had to quit it.6.He stood up,walked to me and asked me what I was looking at.简单句复合句复合句复合句并列句并列复合句语法探究 一起思考词汇讲解1.There was a huge debate about whether the reporter should be accusedof spying on the star couple.(Page 52)关于这位记者是否应该被指控监视这对明星夫妇,引起了激烈的争论。accuse vt.控告;控诉;谴责She accused him of
3、 lying.她指责他说谎。【合作探究】读一读细观察阅读下面句子,写出句中黑体词的词性和含义Her accusing eyes were fixed on him.词性 形容词含义 指责的;谴责的想一想善辨析accuse和charge这两个动词都有“控诉,指控”之意,但它们后面所搭配的介词不同。accuse 与介词of连用;charge 可以指因为小错受到责备,也可指因违法而受到控告,与介词with连用。【即学即用】用accuse的适当形式填空The young man of stealing the car was taken to the police.When he turned aro
4、und,he saw her face with an look.选词填空(accuse/charge)The police him of destroying the whole system.The police him with abusing his power.accusedaccusingaccusedcharged2.For me,she is great not just because she was world-famous,but becauseshe made great contributions to mankind.(Page 52)对于我来说,她是伟大的,不仅因
5、为她世界闻名,而是因为她对人类做出了巨大的贡献。剖析 句中的not.but.意为“不是而是”。Not you but your brother is to blame for the terrible accident.不是你而是你的哥哥应该为这起恶性事故负责任。What I like best is not your design but your plan.我最喜欢的不是你的设计而是你的计划。【合作探究】读一读细观察阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体部分的含义Not only you but also your students are looking forward to the holiday
6、.含义 不但而且Im going to buy either a camera or a DVD player with the money.含义 要么要么记一记长知识not.but.意为“不是而是”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数要根据but后面的主语的数来决定。not only.but also.意为“不但而且”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数要遵循就近原则。either.or.意为“要么要么”,连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数要遵循就近原则。【即学即用】单句语法填空The girl wants to buy not a skirt,a dress.She can speak not only E
7、nglish also Japanese.Either the boy his sisters are good at dealing with such a thing.butbutor翻译句子这顿饭不是为一个人准备的,而是供许多人一起来享用的。她不是在玩电脑游戏,而是在吃巧克力。答案:The meal is not for one,but for many to enjoy.答案:She is not playing computer games but eating e to a conclusion(Page 52)得出结论After a heated discussion,they
8、came to a conclusion.在热烈的讨论之后,他们得出了结论。【合作探究】读一读细观察阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体词的词性、词组、句型和含义In conclusion,Id like to thank the people who have helped me.词组 in conclusion含义 总之There I go againjumping to conclusions.词组 jump to a conclusion含义 匆忙下结论He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan
9、.词性 动词含义 得出结论词组 conclude.from.含义 从得出结论 It was concluded that the level of change necessary would be low.句型 it is concluded that.含义 结论是说一说勤归纳come to a conclusion得出结论in conclusion总之jump to a conclusion匆忙下结论conclude vt.得出结论conclude.from.从得出结论【即学即用】单句语法填空At last they came to the(conclude)that he was lyi
10、ng to them.完成句子没有多少时间了,所以他只好匆忙得出了结论。There was little time left,so he had to.总之,我感激你为我们所做的一切。,Im grateful for what you have done for us.你可能从新证据中得出什么结论?What are you likely the new evidence?conclusionjump to a conclusionIn conclusionto conclude from4.Zhong Yang;1964-2017;botanist,professor at FudanUniv
11、ersity;dedicated his life to research on seeds.(Page 53)钟洋(19642017),植物学家,复旦大学教授;一生都致力于种子的研究dedicate vt.把奉献给The girl dedicates herself to her work.这个女孩献身于自己的工作。He dedicated his life to helping the poor.他毕生致力于帮助穷人。看一看助记忆dedicate himself to agriculture【合作探究】读一读细观察阅读下列句子,写出句中黑体词的词性和含义She is dedicated t
12、o her job.词性 形容词含义 献身的;专心致志的We all admire him for his hard work and dedication.词性 名词含义 奉献;献身说一说勤归纳【即学即用】单句语法填空The old man dedicated himself to(take)care of the disabled.The young man was(dedicate)to his research then.His(dedicate)to the whole society was really admirable.takingdedicateddedication完成句
13、子我想把这首歌送给我亲爱的老师。Id like to my dear teacher.他确实敬业,但不大有天赋。He but really not very talented.dedicate this song tois certainly dedicated语法讲解知识脉络语法精讲长句一、并列句1.由两个或两个以上不分主次、相互独立的简单句构成的句子叫并列句。并列句大致分为以下三类:(1)两个句子之间是平行关系用分号连接的句子以及用下列词汇连接的句子是平行关系:and,or,either.or.,neither.nor.,not only.but also.,both.and.,as we
14、ll as,while,when等。She went to the cinema last night and her mother also went there.昨晚她去了电影院,她妈妈也去了。(2)两个句子之间是转折关系用下列词汇连接的句子是转折关系:but,yet,however等。Id like to go with you,but I have no time.我想和你一起去,但我没有时间。(3)两个句子之间是因果关系用下列词汇连接的句子是因果关系:so,therefore,for等。I have an important appointment,so I have to go.我
15、有个重要约会,所以得走了。It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.昨晚肯定下雨了,因为地面是湿的。2.使用并列句时的常见错误because和so,although和but连用(1)误:Because my classmate was badly ill,so she didnt come to school.正:My classmate was badly ill,so she didnt come to school.正:Because my classmate was badly ill,she didnt come to
16、school.(2)误:Although I dont like English,but I spend much time on it every day.正:I dont like English,but I spend much time on it every day.正:Although I dont like English,(yet/still)I spend much time on it every day.【即学即用】用适当的并列连词填空It is a very difficult task,I will not give it up.Youd better take an
17、 umbrella,it is going to rain.I felt a little sick,I went to see a doctor.My mother is doing the housework my father is playing the game.Work harder,you will fail in the next exam.I was about to give up my parents encouraged me to go on.butforsowhileor/otherwisewhen 二、复合句复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成,从句只是主
18、句中的一个成分。所以复合句也叫作主从复合句。复合句主要包含状语从句、定语从句和名词性从句。1.状语从句在复合句中做状语的句子叫作状语从句。状语从句由从属连词引导,可以放在句首或句末。放在句首时,从句后边一般用逗号与主句隔开;放在句末时,从句前通常不用逗号。一般来说,根据其作用,状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。Ill appreciate it if you can reply to my letter at your earliest convenience.如果你在方便时尽早给我回信,我会非常感激。(条件)We did so well that we
19、 were invited to share our idea and experience with all the students of our school.我们做得如此好,所以被邀请去和全校学生交流想法和经验。(结果)I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school.我记得上次你参观我们学校时给我展示了那个主题的一些照片。(时间)Second,you should often talk with Chinese so that you can improve
20、your oral Chinese.第二,你应该经常和中国人交谈,以便能够提高汉语口语。(目的)Now that everyone is here,lets begin our class meeting.既然大家都到了,我们开班会吧。(原因)Even if I am short of experience,I will have a try.即使我缺乏经验,我也要试一试。(让步)As the saying goes,“Where there is a will,there is a way.”常言道:“有志者事竟成。”(地点)When you get there,youd better do
21、 as the teacher does.你到了那里后,最好是老师做什么,你就做什么。(方式)The young girl sings much better than I do.这个年轻女孩唱得比我好多了。(比较)【即学即用】翻译句子If youre interested in the Chinese folk art,please email me.Can you spare five minutes when it is convenient?Every time I see the old photo,I always think of my school days.Now that
22、you understand my meaning,I dont need to explain again.答案:如果你对中国民间艺术感兴趣,请给我发邮件。答案:方便时能占用你五分钟时间吗?答案:每当我看到这张老照片,我总是想起我的学生时代。答案:既然你明白了我的意思,我没有必要再解释一遍。2.定语从句如果从句在整个句子中做定语,这个从句就叫作定语从句。被修饰的词叫作先行词。定语从句不同于单词做定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。定语从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导。(1)关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词通常包括who,whom,whose,that,which,as等
23、。Any student who is interested is welcome to participate.欢迎任何感兴趣的同学参加。He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人的车坏了,他们都跑过去帮忙。As is known to us,smoking does harm to our health.众所周知,吸烟有害健康。He was late for the meeting again,which m
24、ade the boss angry.他开会又迟到了,这让老板很生气。(2)关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词通常包括when,where,why等。I will not forget the day when I joined the army.我永远忘不了我参军的那一天。They will pay a visit to the farm where their father once worked.他们要去参观父亲曾工作过的农场。I think the reason why you are always angry may be the high pressure of study.我认为你总
25、是发脾气的原因可能是学习上的巨大压力。记一记长知识关系副词可以根据其意思替换为“介词+which”。如:We dont know the reason why(=for which)he didnt show up.我们不知道他为什么没有来。(3)“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句The students were cleaning the windows,some of which were very dirty.学生们在擦窗户,其中一些窗户非常脏。I have some good friends,most of whom are interested in reading.我有一
26、些好朋友,他们中的大多数对阅读感兴趣。【即学即用】用适当的关系词填空Her sister is one of the students are admitted into the famous university.Ive always looked forward to the day I will be able to be independent.She was born in a village,was located at the foot of a hill.I have a good friend,handwriting is very nice.whowhenwhichwhos
27、e 3.名词性从句名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。名词性从句的功能相当于名词短语,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。(1)从属连词引导的名词性从句名词性从句的从属连词在从句中只起连接作用,不做句子成分,主要包括that,if/whether。I hope that youll have a good time in China.我希望你在中国玩得开心。I wonder if youd like to go with me.我想知道你是否想和我一起去。(2)连接代词引导的名词性从句名词性从句的连接代词在从句中起连接作用,
28、并在从句中充当主语、表语、宾语、定语,主要包括who,whom,whose,what,which,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever。We debated over what we would put into the video.关于视频中拍什么,我们进行了争论。Whoever is interested in making inventions can join in it.任何对发明感兴趣的人都可以参加。(3)连接副词引导的名词性从句名词性从句的连接副词在从句中起连接作用,并在从句中充当状语,主要包括how,when,why,where,however
29、,whenever,wherever。Thats why I think the trip along the Yangtze will be a better choice.那就是我认为沿着长江的旅行会是更好选择的原因。To practise as much as possible is where the secret lies.尽可能多去练习就是秘密之所在。【即学即用】翻译句子他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。据说他去过那儿很多次。我没去聚餐,感觉非常遗憾。事实是我们已经输掉了这场比赛。答案:It is not clear what he is going to say to us.答案:It
30、s said that he has been there many times.答案:I feel it a pity that I havent been to the get-together.答案:The fact is that we have lost the game.三、并列复合句并列复合句指的是并列句中的一个或多个分句中又含着从句,或者说是含着复合句的并列句。He is my friend and thats why I have accepted the task.他是我的朋友,那就是我接受这个任务的原因。John wanted to go to the party,but
31、 his wife said that she was too tired.约翰想去参加派对,但是他的妻子说她太累了。The policeman looked at me curiously,and asked me what I wanted.那位警察好奇地看着我,问我想要什么。【即学即用】完成句子他没有参加派对,所以我想知道他当时在做什么。He didnt attend the party,.她拒绝和我一起去,但是提醒我到那里时要小心。She refused to go with me,when I got there.so I wanted to know what hes doing
32、thenbut she reminded to be careful随堂练习一、用适当的连接词填空1.the old saying goes,“When in Rome,do as the Romans do”.答案:As2.I bought a great many books,on I spent all my money that I saved.答案:which3.I didnt know the fact my son wasnt interested in this activity.答案:that4.They decided to find outhelped the old m
33、an during that period.答案:who5.The man told us some experience on how to do it,we were very grateful.答案:so6.I will wait here all the students leave the school tomorrow.答案:until二、完成句子1.如果你能提供给我更多的信息,我会非常感激。,I will be grateful.答案:If you can offer me more information2.一些人支持他的计划而其他人则不然。Some people are in
34、 favour of his plan.答案:while others arent3.我一进教室老师就问我为什么迟到了。,my teacher asked me why I was so late.答案:As soon as I entered the classroom4.我将会在农村生活,那里空气新鲜,人们很友好。I will live in the countryside,.答案:where air is fresh and people are friendly5.我们都知道,如果在学校里作弊,会受到惩罚的。,if we cheat in our school,we will be punished.答案:As we all know
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